VULCANISM 



167 



cremation in burning buildings, etc. Other eruptions occurred on 

 May 20th, 26th, June 6th, July 9th, and August 30th. 



Fig. 168. Great rocks thrown out by the eruption of Pelee, August 30, 1902. 



An interesting case of sympathetic action was shown by a vol- 

 cano (Soufriere) on the island of St. Vincent, about 90 miles south 

 of Martinique. After two days of warning symptoms, the first 

 eruption of the Soufriere occurred on May 7th. The eruption was 

 similar to that of Pelee, but as there was no considerable city in 

 the path of the steam-cloud, the loss of life was much smaller. 



There were no lava-flows in connection with any of these erup- 

 tions of Pelee or the Soufriere. The dust discharged was carried 

 long distances, and on St. Vincent it was 50 to 60 feet thick in some 

 places, after the eruption was over. 



Hawaiian volcanoes. The eruptions of the volcanoes thus far 

 described are more or less violent; but in the Hawaiian Islands 

 there are volcanoes whose eruptions are relatively quiet. Mauna 

 Loa is the largest of the four volcanic cones whose united mass 

 forms the island of Hawaii (Fig. 169), an island 80 miles across. 

 Mauna Loa rises 14,000 feet above the sea, but the island is built up 

 from the sea bottom where the water is about 16,000 feet deep, so 

 that the great volcanic pile, whose top is the island, is really about 

 30,000 feet high. 



