358 



INDEX 



Rivers continued 



sources of, 50 



work of, 49 

 Rock, 17 

 Rock basins, 133 

 Rock-breaking due to expansion and 



contraction, 26 

 Rock, classes of solid, 17 

 Rock flour, 119 

 Rock, mantle, 16 

 Rock terraces, 79 

 Rock waste, 16 

 Rocks, stratified, 17 



unstratified, 17 

 Rotation of earth, 206 

 Running water, 49 



deposition by, 83 

 Run-off, 30 



St. Louis tornado, 305 

 Salinity of sea, 329 



and color, 330 



and density, 329 

 Salt, 40 

 Salt lakes, 149 

 Salt of the sea, 328 

 Salton Sea, 96. 

 Sand, blown by wind, 21 

 Sandstone, 350 

 Saturation, 255 

 Scoriaceous lava, 170 

 Sea breezes, 249, 274 

 Sea cliffs, 154 

 Sea, ice of, 102, 332 

 Sea level, 323 



changes of, 185 

 Sea, life of, 343 

 Sea of Tiberias, 145 

 Sea, temperature of, 330 

 Sea water, composition, 328 



gases in, 329 



movements of, 332 

 Seasonal range of temperature, 248 

 Seasons, 233 



change of, 235 



in high latitudes, 236 



lag of, 236 

 Sediment, how carried by rivers, 56, 



58 



Seepage, 33 



Sensible temperature, 308 

 Shale, 350 



Shore currents, 153, 155, 334 

 Shore lines affected by glaciers, 159 

 Shores, topographic features of, 152 



"Shooting stars," 19, 348 



Sinking of coastal lands, 183 



Sirocco, 294 



Slumping, 42 



Snow, 102, 259 



Snow and ice, work of, 101 



Snow-fields, 102, 103 



Snowflakes, 257 



Snow-line, 103 



Soil, 16 



Solar climate, 310 



Solar system, 216 



Solar tides, 341 



Solution by ground-water, 38 



Soufriere, 165 



Sounding, 325 



South Magnetic Pole, 202 



Spit, 156 



Spring, 233 



Spring tides, 342 



Springs, 33, 35 



Stalactites, 39 



Stalagmites, 39 



Standard time, 210 



Storms, 285 



prediction of, 301 

 Stratified drift, 140 

 Stratified rocks, 17 

 Stratus clouds, 258, 259 

 Streams, accidents to, 80 



piracy of, 82 



ponding of, 82 



rejuvenation of, 82 

 Striae, glacial, 119 

 Stromboli, 161 

 Submerged valleys, 184, 326 

 Subsoil, 17 

 Summer, 233, 234 

 Sun, distance from earth, 206 

 Surf, 153 



Talus, 28 



Temperate zones, 310 

 Temperature and altitude, 238 



and climate, 308 



and movement of air, 249 



of air, 226 



of sea, 330 



of sea affects movement, 331 

 Terminal moraines, 111, 122, 124, 127 

 Terrace of the Columbia River, 98 

 Terraces, alluvial, 98 



rock, 79 



wave-cut, 154 

 Terrestrial magnetism, 202 



