MINING. 129 



coal to Toronto. The American's curse, like Balaam's, 

 bids fair to turn into a blessing, and to be the means of 

 causing manufactories to rise up in the Dominion, which 

 shall supply the heavily-taxed people of New England 

 with the commodities they cannot themselves afford to 

 make. 



Mining licenses are granted as follows : 



" An exploration license, giving a power to search for 

 minerals, other than gold, over a tract not exceeding 5 

 square miles in extent, is granted on payment of $20, or 

 4:1. sterling. This license is for twelve months. At any 

 time before the expiration of the license, the holder may 

 select 1 square mile, which must be in one block, and 

 must not exceed 2^ miles in length, for the purpose- of 

 working the minerals therein ; and on application being 

 made, in writing, to the Commissioner of Mines, a license 

 to work is granted for a term of two years from the date 

 of the application, the cost of such license being $50, or 

 101. sterling. On the termination of that period the 

 holder is entitled to a lease, provided effective mining 

 operations have been begun and carried on. Before these 

 licenses are issued a bond must be given to the Com- 

 missioner, with sufficient sureties, that iri the event of 

 entry being made upon private lands, recompense shall 

 be made for damages. The conditions of the lease are 

 similar to those usually inserted. The lease is for twenty 

 years, with a power of a second and third renewal for a 

 similar period, but not to extend beyond sixty years from 

 the 25th August, 1866, and with a liberty to the Legislature 

 to revise and alter the royalty in or after the year 1886. 

 The royalty at present is 10 cents, or 4%d. per ton of 



K 



