286 THE FORESTS OF CANADA. 



makers ; also makes stocks of guns, &c. Well known in 

 this country. 



Butternut (Juglans cinerea). This is an inferior species 

 of walnut, the wood is lighter in colour and more open in 

 the grain, but makes very pretty furniture. The nuts are 

 like walnuts in shape, only much harder in the shell and 

 the fruit more oily, not unlike the Brazil nuts in flavour. 

 A very pretty tree ; grows in poorer soil than the walnut. 



The hickory (Carya alba) is the heaviest of all Canadian 

 woods. Used for tool handles, carriage spokes and shafts, 

 fishing rods, &c., &c. There are two varieties of this tree, 

 the rough bark and smooth bark. Grows only in Canada 

 West. The nuts of the rough-barked variety are very 

 good eating. 



Anacardiacese. 



Sumac (ETiuB typhina). A small and very pretty tree 

 that grows chiefly in succession to the first forest crop. 

 Indicates bad land. The wood is of a yellow colour, and 

 used for furniture and dyes. The bark is valuable for 

 tanning purposes. The seed is contained in large crimson 

 pods, which makes the tree very gay in the fall of the 

 year. The sumac is a very pretty ornamental tree, and 

 grows freely when transplanted. 



Amygdalese. 



There are three cherries, of which the red cherry (Cerasus 

 Pennsylvania) and the choke cherry (C. Virginiana) are 

 the most common. The former is one of the first trees 

 that springs up on burnt land in succession to the pine 

 and spruce. In some districts in the early summer whole 



