SOCIETY. 431 



line of diversity of interest and mutual antipathy which 

 the civil war only rendered broader. Climatic conditions 

 too make the south a totally different country from the 

 north and north-west. In the south white labour is im- 

 possible, and the same laws and institutions that answer 

 for northern people will not answer for Africans and 

 Chinamen. When this partition of North America takes 

 place the north-western states of the Union must unite 

 their fortunes with the Dominion of Canada. Their 

 interests are identical and they have the same outlet 

 to the ocean the same great water highway the St. 

 Lawrence. 



One often hears as an argument against emigration 

 that an emigrant and his family banish themselves from 

 society. People who use this argument imagine, I sup- 

 pose, that outside their own little circle, or at any rate 

 outside England, there is no society worthy of the name. 

 And unquestionably there is no part of the world where 

 wealthy English people are so likely to find society suited 

 to them as in England. But people who emigrate are not 

 wealthy, and I maintain that educated people of small 

 means are far more likely to find congenial society in 

 Canada than in England, for several reasons. In the first 

 place wealth is more equally divided, and as people are 

 more on a par in point of means, so there are fewer cliques 

 and divisions in society. Probably the pleasantest sort of 

 society is that in which the members are most on a level 

 in point of means, and therefore able to participate on an 

 equal footing in the same pursuits and amusements. In 

 the second place society is more centralized than at home. 

 Here it is scattered over the length and breadth of 



