213 



ANOA. 



ANONACE.E. 



211 



Horns of Aiwa. 



consist of little worms which never leave the water, and live fixed to 

 the stem of aquatic plants, from which they perhaps derive their 

 nourishment : they never swim, but crawl along. 



Besides the genera which we have enumerated, several parasitic 

 worms, which five always fixed to the same part of some animal, have 

 been enumerated among the Binutmida, and have been arranged 

 by Blainville in the genus Epiliddla. He also places several other 

 species, which are without distinct articulations, in the genus Mala- 

 cobdella. There still remain several doubtful species of Leech, and 

 some have been confounded with true Planarw, which differ from 

 Leeches in having no sucker at either end. 



To this order also is referred the genus Gordius of Linnaeus, but 

 recent researches have rendered it 

 highly probable that their relations are 

 rather with the Entozoa. [ENTOZOA.] 



(Williams, Report of the Structure of 

 Annelida, ' Brit. Ass. Trans.,' 1851; 

 Owen, Lectures on Comparative Ana- 

 tomy ; Cuvier, Rigne A nimal ; Carpen- 

 ter, Principle* of Physiology ; Mime- 

 Edwards, Siemens de Zooloyie.) 



AXUA, a species of Ruminating 

 Animals, so very imperfectly known, 

 that zoologists are undetermined 

 whether to consider it as an antelope 

 or a species of buffalo. This uncer- 

 tainty arises from the fact, that though 

 the animal has been noticed for many 

 years, only a few fragments of skulls 

 and horns have been hitherto brought 

 to Europe, and even these too im- 

 perfect to acquaint us with the 

 zoological charactera of the animal. 

 Judging, however, from these faate- 

 rials, the Anoa would really appear 

 to lie a species in many respects inter- 

 mediate between the buffaloes and 

 antelopes, as at present denned ; agreeing with the former in the form 

 of its horns, and with the latter in their position. 



ANOLIS (Anolius, Cuvier), a genus of Saurian Reptiles, belonging 

 to that section of the fguaniai which Cuvier distinguishes by having 

 teeth in the palate of the mouth as well as in the maxillary bones. 

 They are readily distinguished from the Iguanias, properly so called, 

 the Basilisks, and other genera of this division, by the peculiar form 

 of the antepenultimate phalange of the toes, which is flattened beneath, 

 and furnished with a kind of pad or cushion, grooved or striated trans- 

 versely, and serving to make the animals adhere more firmly to those 

 substances which they grasp in walking. In this particular point of 

 their structure the Anolis approach the Geckoes, but it does not 

 enable them to exercise the singular power of walking with the legs 

 uppermost, like flies on a ceiling, which some of these reptiles possess. 

 The toes, however, are much longer and better separated than those 

 of the Geckoes, and the claws, instead of being short and flattened, 

 are long, crooked, and sharp-pointed. The body and tail are long and 

 slender, as are also the legs, particularly those behind, which are 

 rather longer than the fore-legs. Each foot has five toes. The whole 

 body and tail, both above and below, are covered irregularly with 

 small round scales, which give the skin a granulated appearance 'like 

 that of a fine shagreen. 



The Anolis are entirely an American genus, and seem, in many 

 respects, to supply in the New World the place which the Chameleons 

 occupy in the Old. The colours of their skins change with the same or 

 even greater rapidity, especially on the loose skin of the throat, which 

 is constantly distended when these animals are actuated by strong 

 passions, either of fear, anger, or love, and in this state they assume an 

 endless succession of ever-varying hues. They differ from the Chame- 

 leons, however, in their more slender and graceful proportions, and in 

 the great activity of their movements, displaying all the restlessness 

 and celerity of the common green lizard of Europe. They frequent 

 woody and stony situations indifferently, climb and leap with such 

 swiftness and facility that their motion has been compared to the flight 

 of a bird ; and, when overheated or fatigued by their exertions, will 

 stop, open their mouths, and pant like a tired dog. They are extremely 

 timid and harmless, and feed for the most part upon flies and other small 

 insects. There are two small sub-genera, distinguished from one another 

 by the presence or absence of the carinated crest on the upper surface 

 of the tail. The first of these divisions, comprehending those which 

 have this crest, consists of a number of species definitely characterised 

 by M. Cuvier, but formerly confounded under the denominations of 

 Laccrta principalis and Lacerta bimaculata. The principal species 

 are the following : 



1. A noli tif velifer, of Baron Cuvier, is of a beautiful dark ashy-blue 

 colour, and perhaps the largest of the whole genus, the body measuring 

 a foot hi length, and the tail being about a foot and a half. The crest 

 extends along the top of the tail for half its length from the origin, and 

 is supported by from 12 to 15 rays. The loose skin beneath the throat 

 extends from the chin even to the belly, and when not distended forms 

 a longitudinal fold along the whole under-surface of the animal. 



The food, from the observation of Baron Cuvier, would appear, at least 

 occasionally, to consist of berries and other vegetable substances. It 

 inhabits Jamaica and the Antilles generally, preferring the woods to 

 the open country, and lodging in decayed trees or small crevices in the 





Anolius telifer. 



ground, where the female likewise deposits her eggs. It is incessantly 

 in motion, and when pleased frequently emits a low but acute chirp ; 

 though harmless and extremely timid, it possesses a considerable share 

 of curiosity, and allows itself to be readily caught in little rush snares, 

 which children in the West Indies amuse themselves by placing in its 

 haunts, alluring it from its concealment by imitating its voice. 



2. Anolius bimaculata, of Sparrmann, is little more than half the size 

 of the former species, but with the same general form and habits, and 

 with a similar crest upon the first half of the tail. The general colour 

 is a greenish blue, clear on the top of the head and neck, but mixed 

 with dark brown on the body, tail, and extremities, and marked with 

 numerous small black spots on the head and sides, and two large ones 

 on the shoulders, from which it derives its specific name. It is found 

 in North America, from Pennsylvania to the shores of the Gulf of 

 Mexico, and in the Antilles. 



The second subdivision of the genus Anolius consists of species 

 without a carinated crest on the tail, but in no other respect differing 

 from those already described. Of these the principal are : 



3. Anolius equestris, of Merrem, of which the tail, more flattened 

 on the sides than in the following species, still retains a slight iudi- 



AnoVnis equestris. 



cation of the crest which distinguishes those of the former division. 

 The body of this species measures about a foot in length, and the tail 

 is nearly a foot and a half. 



4. Anolius Cepedii, of Merrem, is a pretty little species, found 

 likewise in the Antilles, about half the size of the last, of a green 

 colour, with a short muzzle spotted with brown, and, except in 

 the absence of the crest on the tail, very similar to the Anolius 



6. Anolius lineatus, of Daudin, resembles the lust species in its puro 

 bright green colour, but it is rather larger, and is marked along each 

 flank with two parallel lines of oblong black spots, the upper of which 

 passes over the arms and thighs, and the under between the shoulders 

 and hips. It inhabits different parts of South America. 



6. Anolius bullaris, of Merrem, first described by Catesby in his 

 ' Natural History of Carolina,' under the name of the Green Lizard, 

 is a very beautiful species, of a greenish gold colour, particularly dis- 

 tinguished by a black band on the temples, and the elongated and 

 flattened form of its muzzle. 



ANONA'CE^E, Anonads, the Custard-Apple-Tribe, a natural order 

 of plants consisting of tropical or subtropical trees a7id bushes, that 

 usually abound in a powerful aromatic secretion, which rendeit 



