INTTLOPKA 



ANTILOP&& 



that it breaks with the slightest touch, cnmliing like trw when 

 pressed between the fingers, and so deficient in elasticity that it never 

 regain* its original form. The toil is covered with a small bush uf 

 hair of the same description, but no abort a* to be scarcely pnrceptible 

 among the lung hair of the hip*. The leg* are more robust than 

 in mult other ipeciei of Antelope ; and the hoofs, instead of being 

 pointed and flat beneath, are perfectly round and cylindrical, being 

 worn only at the tips, upon which alone the animal treads. This 

 peculiarity of structure in the hoof, and the riged form of the pastern- 

 jointa, which are perfectly stiff, and in a straight line with the canons, 

 account for the amazing agility wliieh the Klippspringer display* in 

 bounding among the most dangerous rocks and precipices. 



The peculiar habitat of this species makes it impossible to hunt it 

 with dogs, but it is easily shot as it exposes itself upon the naked 

 rocks ; and great numbers of the young are destroyed by eagles and 

 other birds of prey which inhabit the same localities. In consequence 

 of this the animal is by no means common, and is becoming every 

 day more scarce in situations where it most abounded formerly. The 

 excellence of its venison and the value of its hair, which is held in 

 great estimation for stuffing saddles and mattresses, hold out a 

 powerful inducement to its destruction. 

 Naotrayiu 



Has the muffle large and bald ; the crumen large, deep, and arched ; 

 the face and forehead not crested ; the ears large ; the horns nearly 

 straight, elongated, strong, many-ringed, incumbent, nearly parallel 

 in the direction of the facial line ; no false hoofs ; the tail very short ; 

 the females hornless. 



'25. X. moxhatiu is the only species. It is an inhabitant of the 

 inland of Zanzibar. It was first described by Von Duben. Male 

 nnd female specimens exist in the Stockholm Museum. 

 Neotragat 



Has no muffle ; the nose ovine ; the nostrils close together ; the 

 rniinen roundish ; the horns short, conical, and recumbent ; the tail 

 liort ; the crown crested ; females hornless. 



!>'<. \. Xtl/lana (Antilope Saltiana, Blainville), the Madoqua. This 

 is perhaps the smallest of all horned animals, being scarcely the size 

 of a good English hare. It measures 2 feet in length from the nose 

 to the root of the tail, and about 14 inches in height, at the shoulder, 

 the height at the croup being about an inch more. The length of the 

 head from the nose to the ear is 5 inches, that of the horns 3 

 inches; the ears are 2} inches long, and the tail H inch. The horns 

 of the male are situated in the plane of the forehead ; they are very 

 sharp-pointed, almost insensibly bent outwards and forwards, provided 

 on the inner anterior margin with a prominent sharp ridge, which 

 runs from the base to within a quarter of an inch of the points, and 

 annulated for about two-thirds of their length from the roots. The 

 females are without horns, but have, in common with the males, a 

 tuft of long stiff hair standing upright from the crown of the head, 

 nnd forming a small crest, particularly remarkable in the females, 

 from their not being furnished with horns ; the hair on all other parts 

 of the body is short, close, and smooth, except on the hind side of 

 the hips and thighs, where it is rather longer, and radiates outwards 

 and round the tail, its pure white colour contrasting agreeably with 

 the colours of the croup and thighs ; the face, forehead, and legs, as 

 well as the tuft of long hair between the horns, arc of a bright and 

 deep rod, as are likewise the backs of the ears ; the neck, shoulders, 

 flank, rump, and outsides of the thighs, are of a clear gray colour, 



The Madoqua (.V. Saltiana). 



like that of the American gray squirrels, each hair being annulated 

 with alternate ripgs of black and white ; the back, from the shoulders 

 to the rump, is a deep reddish-brown ; and the breast, belly, interior 

 of the fore arms and thighs, and hinder surface of the hips, of the 



most pure unmixed white, forming altogether a variety, clearness, 

 and brilliancy of colouring rarely met with among quadrupeds. The 

 toil is very short, being in fact little more than a mere stump ; the 

 ears are round and nearly the length of the horns ; the hoofs small, 

 well-formed, and, like the horns, of a deep black colour ; the forehead 

 is perfectly flat, and the head is compressed suddenly below the eyes, 

 and topers to a small and attenuated snout; the legs are long in 

 proportion to the weight of the body, and to small that they scarcely 

 equal the little finger in thickness. 



The Madoqua is found in all parts of Abyssinia, where it was 

 originally noticed by Bruce, who discovered it in the country about 

 the sources of the Abai, or eastern branch of the Mile. Mr. Salt 

 afterwards procured specimens in the mountains of Tign', and sent 

 the horns and legs to the British Museum, where they were observed 

 by De Blainvillc, and described under the specific name of AntUope 

 SaUiana, in compliment to the distinguished traveller who procured 

 them. More recently complete specimens have been brought to 

 Europe by Ruppell, and Hemprich and Ehrenberg, and the species 

 has been well described and beautifully figured both by these travel- 

 lers and in the 'Darstellung Neuer oder Weuig-Bckannter Suu^uthiere' 

 of Professor Lichtenstein. Little is known regarding the habits of 

 this species. It is said to live in pairs in mountainous districts ; and 

 Pearce informs us that many of the Abyssinians object to eat its flesh, 

 from a superstitious belief of its being often found in the society of 

 monkeys and baboons. 



( './,/,!''../, '.I 



Has a large muffle; the tear-bag absent, but it is replaced by a 

 naked glandular line formed of two series of pores on the side >! the 

 cheek; the crown crested, forming a tuft between the h'irnx; On- 

 horns short, conical, placed far back on the hinder e<lge <! tin- 

 frontal _bone, and inclined backwards. This genus contains several 

 pecta 



27. C. qaadritcopa (AntUope quatlrucopa, Hamilton Smith), tin 

 Four-Tufted Antelope, is known only from Colonel Smith'sdcscnjiti.ni 

 and figure of a male specimen formerly exhibited at Exeter Change. 

 The individual from which Colonel Smith's description was taken 

 was brought from Senegal. 



28. C. (jrimmia (Antuope Grimmia, Desmarest), the Impoon, Duyker. 

 or Duyker-Boc, is of a yellowish-brown colour, and grayish in winter. 

 The hair is yellowish, with black tips. The forehead yellowish-bay ; 

 the inside of the ears, chin, throat, abdomen, inside of fore and 

 hind legs, and under side of tail, white ; the feet, streak on the nose 

 and up the legs, and upper part of the tail, black ; the ears elongated, 

 nearly as long as the head, acute ; the boms black, elongated, slender ; 

 the base rugose, subangulor in front ; the skull small and short. 



The Duyker-Boc, or Diving-Goat, so called by the Dutch of Smith 

 Africa from its habit of plunging under the bushes in its passage 

 through the woods, instead of leaping over them like the generality 

 of other Antelopes, is a common animal iu Kaffraria and in all parts 

 of the Cape Colony which abound iu forest and underwood, from the 

 cover of which it seldom ventures, unless occasionally at night to 

 steal into a neighbouring garden. It in found alone or in pairs, 

 makes its way readily among the thickets and low bushes, and when 

 pursued will from time to time stand up on its hind legs to look 

 round it, then dive under the branches to reappear again at some 

 distance; and thus alternately continuing its flight, and standing up ;ii 

 intervals to watch the motions of ita pursuers. The peculiar nature 

 of the humour secreted by the maxillary glands of this animal ha> 

 given origin to a common saying among the Dutch colonists, that it 

 carries the gall-bladder under the eyes. This species is most probably 

 the animal of which the female wax long since imperfectly described 

 by (irimm, and which has been admitted into systematic catalogues 

 under the name of Antilope (jrimmia. The A. Platout of Colonel 

 Smith likewise appears to be identical with, or at most a casual 

 variety of the Duyker-Boc, the characters upon which the separation 

 is made being by no means constant, and some of them even of 

 doubtful authenticity. The Copra lylvetlrit (Africana of Grimm), is 

 probably this species. Fitomba or Philiiitimba appears to be the 

 Kaffrarian name for all the Bush Antelopes or species of CV;iA/;'. 



29. C. Campbrllite (Antilope Campoellur, Gray), the Black-Faced 

 Philatomba. This species differs from the Duyker by being much 

 darker and more distinctly grixled or dotted, and the under side 

 being much whiter. It is possible that it is only a variety of that 



30. C. HurchrUii (Antilopc BurcheUii, Smith), Burchcll'a Bush-Boc. 

 This species is easily known from the two former by its darker ej.iu>, 

 and by the under sides and inside of the legs being nearly of the 

 same colour as the back, and not white ; sfbd also by the shortness of 

 the intermaxillary bones, and the width of the nose-hole. It inhabits 

 the districts more or less covered with imd. -rwood in Kaflirland, and 

 the country north of the Orange River. When interrupted or]'" 



by dogs, it springs with considerable activity over such bushes as 

 may stand in its course, and endeavours to plunge into the closest 

 bushes for concealment. 



31. C. Madoqua (AntUope Madoqua, Ruppell), the Abyssinian Bush- 

 Qoat, is of a yellowish-brown colour, slightly puuctulated with 

 black; the neck in yellowish, the limbs blacker; the face-etreak and 

 feet Hack; the hair rather close-pressed, reddish-gray at the base; 



