Tit 



OALLX 



CALLICHl 



, together with Aryttltu, and other of iti congener* of the 

 family Sipltoaoflomala, we cummonlv known among the fishermen as 

 Fi.-h-Lier. But Valiyta ia without the cupptng-glasa-like suckers, by 

 which .Xryii/K* adheres to its slippery supporters; and the hooka of 

 the anterior pair < of feet are the principal organ* by which the former 

 holds on to the fish. [AnoCLd.] 



Ar<julnt and Caliyta are now usually regarded aa type* of distinct 

 funiliea Aryuiifhr and Caligid<r. Ary*lm is Ihe only genus in the 

 family Arynlid<r. With Caliyida are included the following British 

 genera, Ltptoptltirtu, Ckalimtu, Trrbiut. 



1 >r. Ifciinl, in his ' History of the British Kntomostrocous Crustacea,' 

 describe* four species of Caliiju* aa natives of Oreat Britain. 



C. Mallrri in found parasitic upon the Cod (Morrhua ralyarii) the 

 Brill or Brett (Rhonltu rulgarii) and upon several 

 other fishes. The following description ia from 

 Baird : 



Female. Carapace oval, rather longer than broad, 

 narrower at upper extremity ; frontal plates of 

 considerable size, notched in the centre ; lemules 

 well developed; antenna; of considerable size; 

 basal joint large. Thorax shorter than the cara- 

 pace, about half the size ; penultimate joint very 

 small, of an elongate diamond shape ; last joint 

 nearly quadrilateral, and lobed at the posterior ex- 

 tremity. On each lobe there are two very small 

 tubercles, each of which gives off two short Betas. 

 Abdomen very short and rounded, broader than ] 

 long ; caudal plates terminated by three tolerably- 

 long plumose seta; ; internal fork with simple short 

 obtuse branches ; second pair of foot-jaws very 

 long, the last joint being narrow, long, and termi- 

 nated by two curved claws, one longer than the 

 other; fourth pair of legs stout, the first joint 

 broad and thick, the last ending in one long 

 stout curved claw, which U serrated on its inner 

 edge, and two short ones ; oviferous tubes of considerable length. 



Male. In the male the last joint of thorax is considerably smaller 

 than in the female and more rounded ; the lobes much sharper, and 

 terminated by the same tubercles, but of a larger size. Abdomen 

 about two-thirds the size of the last joint of thorax ; second pair of 

 foot-jaws large. 



C. diaphantu is found on the turbot, the gurnard, the mackerel, the 

 plaice, the holibut, and other fish. 



C. rapax has been taken on the gurnard, Lough Neagh trout, brill, 

 whiting, dory, and common dab. 



C. centrodonli, has been found on the fins and tail of the common 

 Sea-Bream (PagtUus centrodontui) alone. 



CALLA, a genus of plants belonging to the Arum Tribe, the most 

 remarkable species of which, C. -Ethiopica, is now referred to Sithanlia. 



[RlCHARDIA.J 



CALLEI'DA, a genus of Coleopterous Insects belonging to the 

 section Tntncatipeniu* and the family Sraehmidir. 



This group was separated from the genus Tana of authors, by 

 Dejean, and is chiefly distinguished by the species having the penulti- 

 mate joint of the tarsi bilobed. 



Upwards of twenty species of this genus are enumerated in Dejean's 

 catalogue, most of which are of brilliant metallic colouring, and inhabit 

 the hottest climates, in loth of which respects they likewise differ 

 from the typical species of Tarvi. 



CALLIANASSA, a genus of Macrourous Decapod Cnutacta, the 

 chelse of which are very unequal both in form and in their proportions. 

 The carpus of the largest chela ia transversal, and forms a common 

 body with the claw ; the same joint of the other chela is elongated. 

 The two posterior feet are nearly didactylous. The external foliation 

 of the lateral fins of Ihe end of the tail is larger than the internal 

 The carapace is slightly elongated, smooth, and terminated suddenly 



Calif iu Xiillcri. 



View of Iwwk. 



I'ullianaua lutlerraHta. 

 a. Intermediate antenna ; , external antenna ; c, right chrU. 



by a small beak. The abdomen in of considerable xi/e, nml nearly 

 membranous. The other general characters are those of '/'/<' 

 [THALASSISA.] The only species known is CaUianavm nlit< 



wliii-h U fund on the sands of the sea-shore washed by the tides on 

 the French and Kuglish fifHUito 



CALLIANIRA, orCALLIANTRA, a genus of COiograde Ata 

 established on no very sure foundations by IVnm and Lemon r, in 

 their '.Memoir on the Pteropoda,' and considered by them to belong 

 to the type of the Malatosnairia. It seems however from its structure 

 that in ita general character it is not far removed from Btrbe. 

 Lamarck, who perceived this relation, states that it was first estab- 

 lished by Poron, in manuscript, under the name of Sophia ; and the 

 species described by him had, according to his account, a membranous 

 gelatinous wing, divided into two large folioles provided with cilia 

 on their margins. 



Do Blainville, who observes that Callianira is only known l<y 

 figures and descriptions not very complete in their details, state* that 

 Slabber's figure copied by Bruguicres was drawn after an animal fi "in 

 the coasts of Holland, and that the description was taken fromaiiotli. r 

 belonging to the waters of Madagascar; information whicli !>. 

 Blainville acknowledges that he owes to Professor Vanderhoeven. De 

 Blainville adds that M. Eschscholtz refers them to two dill, n nt 

 species. 



The following is the generic character given by De Blainville . 

 Body regular, gelatinous, hyaline, cylindrical, elongated, tubular, 

 obtuse at the two extremities, and provided with two pair of wini_ r - 

 shaped appendages, which develop themselves in large foliations, and 

 are fringed with a double row of vibratory cilia upon their edges. A 

 pair of tentaculiform appendages, branched, and not ciliferous. A 

 large transverse opening at one of the extremities, and probably 

 another smaller one at the other. 



Example, Callianira triploptera. 



C(i llitin ira trijtlojtlfi-a. 



CALLI'CERA, a genus of Insects of the order JXptera and family 

 Kyrphidir, section Atlm-inni. Thin j>rtm* ix allied toCfenoof Faliriein.-, 

 and differs principally in having the body shorter and wider in propor- 

 tion and silky. The second joint of the antenna: is shorter than the 

 lost, and forms with it an elongated, compressed, slightly -curved club. 



CALLICHROTKA, a genus of Coleopterous Insects of the section 

 Ijongicorne* and family Crramliyridtr, (lintinguished from the allied 

 genera (Cerambyr, Phtrnicocrran, Ac.) by having the maxillary palpi 

 smaller than the labial, and shorter than the terminal lobe of the 

 inaxillic. The posterior tibia; are generally much compressed. 



As in the genus Cerambys, the species of this genus emit a very 

 agreeable odour. 



CALLI'CHTHYS (Linnaeus), a genus of Fishes belonging to the 

 section Abdominal aolaeoptayptt and family Siltirida. They are 

 distinguished by the species having the body almost entirely protected 

 by four ranges of large hard scaly plates : the head is also protected with 

 platen of the same texture; the snout and under surface of the 

 body are the only naked parts. The mouth is not deeply cleft, and 

 in furnished with four long cirri, two from each corner; the teeth 

 are very small ; eyes small, and situated on the side of the head. 



The species of this genus generally frequent rivera nml rtl 

 Like eels they can live for a considerable timr out of water, and as 

 they ore natives of hot climates the streams which they inhabit not 

 unfrequently dry up : when such is the case they are said to perform 

 long journeys over land, directing their course to some other stream. 

 In some instances they bun- themselves in the mud. Their structure 

 appears to fit them for these habits. 



