CEKTHIA: 



(Kuvii'.r. 



RIO 



articuUtion, the infcrmal to* M far u the 6nt; lateral torn rery 

 unequal ; wing* moderate ; first quill short, teoond shorter than the 

 thinl ; which Utt and the fourth ore the longest. (Tciuminck.) 



' ' /'irumniu. The luniiuit of the head in deep gray ; nape and 

 neck bright gray ; wing* and two middle feathers of the tail brown ; 

 a large nankeen-coloured band pa Mini nearly through the middle of 

 the quill* ; tail-feathers black, except at their origin and extremity ; 

 throat and cheek* dirty white ; breast gray ; feather* of the lower 

 part* white in the middle, bordered with brown ; lower coverts of the 

 tail Isabella-colour, marked with transverse brown spots; length 6 

 inches 6 line*. (Temm.) Locality, Timor, Celebes, and the north 

 coast of Australia. 



This genus bean a strong relation to the Soui-mangas. 



Climatlrru ficumnta. 



Purnaritu (Opttiorhynchca), Terain., Figulta, Spix. Bill shorter 

 than the hew], n wide aa it ia high, compressed laterally, but little 

 curved, entire, pointed ; tongue moderate, straight, worn at the 

 point; wings feeblo. (Vieillot.) Typo, Meropt ruftu, Gmel. 



V 



Furnarha rit/ta. 



F.fuligmotut, Lesson (C. amlarttica, Garnot). 



"The genus Fnrnari>u," writes M. Lesson, "was established by 

 M. Vieillot for the reception of some small birds of Paraguay, the 

 most celebrated among which have been placed among the Thrushes, 

 the Creepers, the Bee-Eaten, and the Proneropida-. The most 

 anciently known, the Fournier of Buenos Ayres (Meropt ruftu. Qmel. ; 

 Figuiiu aJboyularit, Spix), U often noticed on account of the manner 

 in which it construct* iU nest, namely, in the form of an oven ('four'), 

 whence comes it* name. On this point we know nothing of the 

 habit* of the Fournier Brun, which lives in South America, and 

 which approaches much in other respects to Meropt ruftu, figured by 

 ( iinincraon under the name of Ilornero Jloxarirntium and of Tunliii 

 fitrnifalitr, and which i* said to be an object of veneration nt Ln 

 Plata. As it ought to be, the genus Purnaritu should only contain 

 the three species indicated by D'Axara, and that which we odd under 

 the name of h'urnnritu fuliginotui. 



" This bird in five inches and a half in length ; the bill in eight 

 linen long, the tarsi an inch, and the tail two inches eight lines. The 

 bill in nightly compressed, convex above, with the upper mandible 

 slightly curved, entire, and exceeding the lower one ; the tail is nearly 

 rectilinear, composed of twelve feathers ; the legs ore feathered down 

 to the tarni, which ore slender, elongated, with large but little appa- 

 rent Kutella; (I,, mid. lit- toe is longest, the two outsido "in-.' 



nearly equal in length, and the external toe is united with the middle 

 toe at He base ; the claw of the posterior toe U double the length 

 of the anterior toes, which are yery much compressed at the sides, 

 i-nrved, and pofakta The entire plumage of the bird is a clear 

 fuliginous brown, spread equally over all the part* of the Iwdy, the 

 neck alone exhibiting yellow and brown ill-defined striie; the under 

 aide of the toil ia of a bright gray-brown ; a yellow band of deeper 

 tint occupies the middle of the great quills, and form* a kind ..f 

 scarf when the liird is in flight ; the extremity of the quills U a little 

 deeper than the rest of the plumage, and their external Ixjrder is a 

 abode brighter." (Lesson.) 



The /'. fulii/iixiitu inhabits the Mulouine Inland*. It liven upon the 

 beach, where its familiarity and fearless disposition permits approach 

 till it may be almost touched with the hand. Its sombre plumage 

 has caused it to be mentioned under the name of Merle in the narra- 

 tives of some voyages. 1'enietty, who sojourned at the Halouines, 

 thus describes it : "This bird is so tame that it will almost fly upon 

 the finger ; in less than half an hour I killed ten with a small .-u x li . 

 and almost without changing my position. It scratches in the 

 gobmons (fucus) which the sea throws upon the beach, and there eato 

 worms and small shrimps, which they call sea-fleas (puces de 

 " Its flight is short. When disturbed it contents it-.'!;' with flying 

 two or three paces farther off. Its habits are solitary." (Lesson.) 



Ccereba, [N UTAH IN IDA] 



Dicanu*. Bill pointed, bent, of the length of the head, depressed 

 and widened at the base. 



The species forming this genus, instituted by C'nvier, arc small, 

 oriental, have more or less of scarlet in their plumule, and ditlcr IV. .in 

 the true Certhia, inasmuch aa their toils are not worn, nor d.. they 

 creep. It ia questionable whether they do not belong to the 

 rinitkr ; but their position will principally de]nd ii|in their habits 

 and the form of their tongue. Cuvier places the genua next to Le 

 Fournier (Meropt ruftu) and under Neetarinin. 



Incttttm erylhronottu. 



CERTHILAUDA. [ALAUOJKA] 



CERUSE, a name for White Lead. [LEAD.] 



CERVANTE'SIA, a name given by Ruiz and Pavon to a genus of 

 plants, in honour of their immortal countryman Cervantes. On. of 

 the species, C. lomentota, ia a native of Pent, and yields seeds which 

 are eaten in the same manner as almonds in Europe, or the Quandary 

 Nut (Futantu acuminalut), another Santaloceous plant, in Australia. 



CERVICOBRANCHIATA, on order of Moll^-a. in De Blainvillo's 

 arrangement, including the genera 1'aUlla, Fwturella, &c. [PATKLLIU.K ; 

 FlBBCRKUJDA.] 



CERVID^E, or CERVINA, a tribe or family of Ruminating 

 Mammalia, embracing the animals popularly known as Deer. They 

 belong to that division of the Ruminaniia, or '/.//"/"'-', whose horns 

 are deciduous, and covered when young with a deciduous hairy skin, 

 or entirely wanting. The Cerrina, which include the genus Cervut of 

 LuuucuR, ore characterised by the absence of cutting teeth in the 

 upper jaws ; by the horns being deciduous, and often wanting in 

 the females; the tarsus hairy on the hinder aide; the false hoofs 

 distinct. 



Various arrangements of this tribe have been approved. The 

 following remarks from the 'Catalogue of the Specimens of the Mam- 

 malia in the British Museum ' will be the best introduction to the 

 system followed in this article : 



"Dr. 3. K. Gray, in the 'Proceedings of the Zoolo^ic;.! S.>eiety' 

 (1886, 67), proposed to arrange the species of Deer into three seet i. ms, 

 according to the positions of certain tufts of hair on the hind legs, 

 thus : 1, a tuft of hair below the middle of the outsido of the 

 metatarsus; 2, a tuft of hair above the middle of the outside of ill.- 

 metatarsus; and 3, with a tuft of hair on the inside of the hock. 

 I)r. Suudcvall, in his ' Pecora,' has adopted these divisions. These 

 tuft* have the advantage of being found in all ages and in both sexes; 

 so that they con be consulted when the horns are deficient. 



