

i ii >.}:. 



.Smith ; ( '. XoUutt<**u of Quoy MM! Uoimard ; C. (Aiuo) JV*oruu 

 of Null, r 



The uxe and proportion! of this animal are about thorn of the 

 Common Stag, but iU h.iir in rougher and harder, and when 

 adult that of the upper part of the ueck, of the cheeks, aiid of the 

 throat u long, and form* a *ort of beard and mane. In winter iU 

 colour U of a grayish-brown more or law deep ; in unnuucr it is of A 

 brighter and more golden brown. The croup a a pale yellow, and the 

 tail u brown terminated by rather long hair. 



It U a natire of Bengal, Sumatra, and the inland* of the Indian 

 Archipelago. 



Thin u supposed to be the Uipptlapktu of Aristotle ; but 0. Cuvier, 

 who one* was of that opinion, Beema in the hut edition of his ' Regne 

 Animal ' to consider that another species, C. (Aiwa) A riitotrlit, Cuvier, 

 living in the north of India, ia the animal alluded to by the Ureek 

 coologiit 



15. Ji eguinuf, the Samboe. It is the Xma of Raffles; the Eland 

 or Elk of the Dutch sportsmen. It inhabit* Sumatra and Borneo. 

 It U of a plain brown colour. 



16. Ji. PeruiiH, the Smaller Htuui, is a native of Timor and Luboo, 

 Barian and Ternate. 



17. /.'. P&iliiipinut, the Philippine RUBS, is the C. Mariattai of 

 Cuvier, the Cerf de Philippine of Desmorst It is a native of the 

 Philippines. 



lt>. K. Upida, the Simdcvall Rusa, is a native of Java. It is 

 scarcely as huge ns a roc-buck. 



19. Axil mac*lata, the Axis. It is the Axii o( Pliny; C. Asa of 

 Krxlebcn; A. major of Hodgson, also A. mtditu and A. minor of the 

 name author; Cerf Cochon of Buffon ; Spotted Axis or Chittra, 

 Laiigna or Pada, or Spotted Porcine Deer, Thou or Spotted Porcine 

 Axis, A. meditu, or Spotted Hog-Deer, or Thou Langua of the 

 Tarai, of Hodgson. In size and general form it nearly resembles 

 the common Fallow-Deer. The skin is at all times of a rich fawn- 

 colour spotted with white. Height at the shoulder 2 feet 6 or 7 

 inches. The distribution of the spots varies in different individuals. 

 The ground-colour changes to nearly black along the back ; the under 

 part* are snow-white. Flanks, sides, shoulders, hind quarter*, and 

 part of the neck spotted as above mentioned. There ia a broad 

 dusky spot on the forehead, and a line of the same colour extends 

 along the middle of the nose. The male has no canine teeth, nor has 

 the female any boms ; she is generally less in size than the mole, and 

 resembles him much in colour, but may be distinguished, it is said, by 

 a white longitudinal line on the flanks. The young resemble the 

 parents. 



It in a native of India and the larger islands of the Indian Archi- 

 pelago ; very abundant in Bengal, and on the banks of the (hinges. 



The Axis haunts the thick jungles in the vicinity of water, and the 

 Ilri tub sportsmen hunt it under the name of the Spotted Hog-Deer. 

 It feeds in the night; and is timid, indolent, and mild, excepting 

 when the female* have young, and then the male ia bold and fierce. 







m 

 14 



I ' ^ 



Axi (Ajril mtculala). 



The Axis is easily domesticated, and in England has propagated 

 freely in captivity. The species has been kept with success b'.ili in 

 menageries and open parks, to both of which its form and colour 

 make it an elegant ornament. 



20. A. ptendaxa, the Spotted Axis. It is the C. ;*rurfxi of 

 OenraU. It differs from A. manlatn in having a aeries of spots in 

 place of an oblique streak on the haunches. 



21. llydni>hu* porciniu, the Lugna Para, or Shgoruih. It is the 

 C. porciniu of Sundevall ; the C. nigcr of II. Smith ; the Porcine 

 DMT of Pennant ; the Brown Porcine Axis of Hodgson ; C. ll<i\,- 



rlajthtu, var. 3, of Cuvier. This species is easily known from the Axis 

 l.y IK-MIX lower on it- !.-, .uid having ii" di tin. t Mack dorsal streak, 

 nor white streak <m its haunches. The horns are generally i-lioi-t. 

 with only short snags. They live iu families, or small h< i 

 the plains of Hindustan. They are also found in tVyloii. Mr. 

 Ugilby says they do not ascend mountains. '1 , of Royle 



is probably a distinct species.- C. pumilu of 11. Smith is perhaps a 

 \.ui--ty. 



22. C'rrrulvi ni'/i'na/u, the Kijang or Muntjak. It U the CVrriu 

 MuHijac of Zimmerman ; Prof Mmtijac of Sundevall ; Crrnu plicaltu 

 of Forstr ; the Ribbed-Faced Deer of Pennant ; the Chuvruuil des 

 Indes of Allamuud. 



Skull of Muntj;ik (Crrmlui 



The height of the Mimtjok at the shoulders is about 2 feet 2 inches ; 

 head pointed ; eyes large, with lachrymal sinuses ; ears rather largo ; 

 tail short and flatt 



In the living animal there are on the face two rough folds of tin- 

 skin, considerably distended and elevated, about on inch and a half 

 apart above ; and following the direction of the prominent part of 

 the forehead they unite below, so as to mark the face with the letter 

 V. In the dried subject the folds are contracted, and three distinct 

 ribs appear, which suggested to Pennant the name of liib-Kiiced Deer. 

 General colour reddish I.IMWII above; belly and front of the thighs 

 pure white. The male has large canines in the upper jaw ; the 

 female has none, nor has she horns. 



Dr. Horsfield, who has given the best account of thin animal, states 

 that " the Muntjak selects for its retreat certain districts, to which it 

 forms a peculiar attachment, and which it never voluntarily deserts. 

 Many of these are known as the favourite resort of our animal for 

 several generations. They consist of moderately-elevated grounds, 

 diversified by ridges and valleys, tending towards the acclivities of 



Muntjak (C. raginalis}. 



the more considerable mountains, or approaching the confm 

 extensive forests. Such districts are by no moans uncommon in 

 Java: they ore covered with long grass, and i-hnib.- and ti 

 moderate size, growing in groups or small thickets, and they generally 

 intervene between cultivated tracts and the deep forests. Their vege- 

 tation is peculiarly adapted to afford our animal a very abundant 



