CHLAMYPHORU8. 



CHLAMYPHORUS. 



ttm 



The form of the head presents the figure of ui irregular cone, the 

 hue of which it turned toward* the spine ; the cranium does not 

 exhibit any suture* ; the cavity capacious ; the frontal bone supporting 

 two rounded processes projecting upwards and somewhat outwards ; 

 the space between them occupied by a substance resembling in appear- 

 ance adipose matter, from which issued a fluid like oil. From the 

 anterior part of the base of these two rounded processes, a narrow 

 ridge of bone extends forwards on each side converging towards the 

 nose. The nasal bones elongated, the orifice opening downward*. 



5 



No incisor nor canine teeth in either jaw ; molars _, cylindrical, 



8 



separate, encircled with enamel, but none on the crowns : the first 

 tooth on each side in the lower jaw, having no opponent, is the longest, 

 the remaining seven opposed to the first seven of the upper jaw, and 

 taking angular impressions on their surfaces by contact ; the direction 

 and depth of the alveolar cavities of the upper jaw distinctly marked 

 on the outside by parallel ridges ; in the lower jaw the alveolar cavi- 

 ties are pierced the whole depth. The anterior portion of the lower 

 jaw is elongated ; the inferior edge concave the first hnlf of its length, 

 then convex ; the plate broad, rising at right angles with the line of 

 the teeth ; the condyloid process longer than the coronoid, the condyle 

 itself elongated transversely. The external meatus auditorius is 

 extended in the form of a semicircular cylindrical tube of bone, 

 curving round the base of the zygoma, and passing forwards termi- 

 nates in an aperture immediately behind the eye. The orbits and 

 t. inporol fossa: united ; the zygoraatic arch is slender posteriorly, but 

 becomes much stronger towards the front, expanding downwards, and 

 furnished with an acute descending process. The occipital foramen is 

 at .-!-. . be. 



Skull of C'A/amypAonu truncatui. 

 a. Skull teen from above ; b, the tame seen from below ; r, lower jaw. 



The cervical vertebras 7, the first large, the articulating surface 

 broad ; the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th very firmly ossified together, pierced 

 with foramina for the passage of the cervical vessels ; the 5th united 

 to the 4th on the under surface only ; the 6th and 7th slender and 

 separate, allowing the bead great freedom of motion upwards ; the 

 whole of the last six grooved on the under surface, in the line of the 

 passage of the oesophagus. Dorsal vertebra: 1 1, the spinons process 

 of the first slender, three-eighths of an inch long, the others diminish 

 gradually in length, but increase in size ; all directed backwards. The 

 first rib is very broad, and from the 2nd to the 8th the ribs of the 

 Ckiamyiih'irui, like those of birds, are firmly united to the sternum 

 without the intervi ntion of an elongated cartilage; and, again like 

 those of birds, are also supplied with a false joint, at the distance of 

 about two-thirds of their length from the spine to the sternum. The 

 Mb, 10th, and llth being false ribs are united in the usual way to 

 each other, and to the 8th by elongations 

 of cartilage from their extremities. The 

 portions of ribs intervening between the 

 false joints and the sternum are in the 

 6th, 7th, and 8th ribs, consolidated, broad, 

 flattened portions of bone, which form 

 the boundary of the anterior and lateral 

 parietes of the thorax. The first bone 

 of the sternum is broad and flat, the 

 superior surface regularly concave, the 

 inferior irregularly convex. Upon the 

 anterior edge of the sternum are two 

 prominences to which are attache,! the 

 extremities of each clavicle. From each 

 of these articulations a slightly elevated 

 ridge proceeds backwards along the 



Cervical Vrrtrbrir, (rot bon 

 of the ntcrnnm, with part* of 

 the (lrt and Moond ribt, Men 

 from below. 



becomes narrowed posteriorly, and terminates in a concave articular 

 surface to which the second bone of the sternum is attached. Judging 

 from the imperfect remains of the second bone, of which the upper 

 part only was distinguishable, it would appear that its form was 

 oblong, the superior surface concave. The remaining portion of the 

 sternum was too much mutilated to admit further description. 



Lumbar vertebra 8, the spinous processes short and flattened; 

 the last two dorsal vertebra, as well as the lumbar, furnished with 

 long oblique processes directed forwards, upwards, and outwards ; the 

 transverse processes of the first two lumbar vertebra considerably 

 elongated, the last possessing a rudiment only. 



The whole of the sacrum mid innominata is so peculiar and <mi.|ue 

 in character, that it is scarcely possible to give any corre, t idea ..f 

 this part without the assistance of accurate representations. The 

 superior part of the ilium is flattened, the upper part bent to form an 

 arched plane of bone, the concavity of which faces downwards and 

 outwards; the crista of great length from before backward*. The 

 inferior portion of the ilium U much stronger, inclining outwards, 

 from its junction with the sacrum to the acetabulum. 



The transverse and spinous processes of the sacrum are represented 

 by three slender plates of bone, which, approximating as they pass 

 backwards, ore united to form a septum, extending down the median 

 line of the sacrum to the tail A channel is formed on each side of 

 this septum by a thin flat plate of bone, which, arising from tin- 

 posterior and superior part of the ischium on each side, is bent over 

 the back part of the sacrum and fixed to an arched and prominent 

 plate of bone, which is extended from this septum outwards to form 

 a junction with it The channels thus produced are bounded below 

 by the sacrum, on the inner sides by the septum, on the out< ' 

 by the ascending plates of bone just described, and nl>,.\ ,- l.y t In- 

 junction of both. From this union a short osseous stem issues hori- 

 zontally on each side, and expands into a flattened circular p 

 bone, to the rough surface of which, as well as to the tuben 

 the ischium below, portions of the truncated exterior of the animal 

 are firmly attached. 



The under surface of the sacrum is broad and flattened, and marked 

 by an indistinct central ridge. The pelvis is open in front, the ossa 

 pubis on each side do not incline inwards, but descend at right angles 

 from the horizontal surface of the sacrum. In the circumstance of 

 the pelvis being open there is a second resemblance to the bony 

 structure in birds. 



inferior surface of the sternum, converging towards the centre, where 

 they become united, and form a prominent crest The lateral edge* 

 of this first bone of the sternum are articulated at it* anterior extre- 

 mity to the first and broadest rib ; from this part the bone suddenly 



o, the Pelvis seen from behind ; t>, tl from below. 



The caudal vertebra: are 14 in number; the transverse pro- 

 cesses of the last four are elongated, to support the thin dilated 

 lateral edges of the paddle or spatular extremity of the tail. Large 

 muscles are imbedded in the two cavities formed on the upper 

 surface of the sacrum by its septum and the two lateral el. 

 portions of the ischium before described ; and there are ant:, 

 muscles of equal size on the under surface. The tendons of these 



muscles were inserted <>n the 

 upper and tinder parts of the 

 caudal vertebra:, giving great 

 power to^the tail, which i 

 jiroliubly exercised in remov- 

 Vertebra of the tall. ing backwards the loo-. 



accumulated under the i.clly 



of this burrowing animal by the action of the fore legs, anil d.r 

 which purpose the expanded and flattened extremity seems well 

 calculated. 



The scapula has its superior margin straight, ending in a notch of 

 great size ; the base rounded ; the inferior margin concave, and the, 

 posterior inferior angle considerably elongated ; the coracoid process 

 but little produced, the spine elevated, the acromion very long, 

 passing forwards, downwards, and inwards, over the head of the 

 humerus, to be articulated to a long and slender but perfect cluviclr. 

 in a second spine of smaller sixe, parallel to but beneath the 

 true spine. The humerus is three-fourths of an inch in 1. 

 and broad; the deltoid crcHt pn.iuin.nl ; l>et \vceu which ai 

 external condyle a deep groove is formed for th 

 tc. ; both condyles very ranch elongated transversely : tin- inn. 

 dyle perforated above; the edge rising from the external condyle 

 acute. The radius small, and seven sixteenths of an inch in 1. 

 the- ulna flattened^ concave upwards, the olecranon nearly as long as 

 the ulna, horizontally flattened also, and presenting a superior 



