: -: 



CHLAMYS. 



rilLOHOMYS. 



difficult Tho Uil WM than divided between the tenth and eleventh 

 vertebra, and both parti of the animal entirely separated. 



On the inner surface of the removed akin were two long broad and 

 thin miuclec extending the whole length of the back ; each muscle 

 wa* divided ai it approached the nhoulder into two portion* ; the 

 outer one was attached to the superior and greater spine of the 

 scapular bone ; the inner and longer slip proceeded forwards, and was 

 inserted into the transverse occipital ridge. The posterior extremity of 

 each muscle was attached to the superior edge of the spine of the ilium. 

 The external ear, according to Dr. Marian, consists of a circular 

 somewhat patuloua opening, directly posterior to the eye, surrounded 

 with an elevated margin, and communicating with a bony canal. 

 The eye is minute, totally black, and, like the ear, nearly hidden by 

 long silky hair. The mouth is small The nose is furnished with on 

 enlarged cartilage, as in the hog, the anterior narea opening down- 

 wards at the inferior border. 



The whole surface of the body is, it appears from the same author, 

 and the correctness of his description is proved by an inspection of 

 the stuffed specimen covered with fine silk-like hair, longer and finer 

 than that of the mole, but not so thick set. The anterior of the chest 

 is huge, full, and strong ; the anterior extremities short, clumsy, and 

 powerful ; the hair is continued for some distance on the palm the 

 phalanges of the hand united ; five powerful nails rising gradually 

 one above the other, the external shortest and broadest ; the whole 

 so arranged as to form a sharp cutting instrument, rather scooped, 

 very convenient for progression under ground, and such as must very 

 much impede motion on the surface. Hind legs weak and short; 

 feet long and narrow ; the sole resembles considerably the human 

 foot, having a well-defined heel, which rests flat upon the ground, and 

 being arched in the middle ; toes separate, nails strong. 



In the specimen dissected by Mr. Yarrell the abdomen and thorax 

 had been opened throughout their whole length, and the viscera from 

 both cavities had been entirely removed. Adhering to the skin lining 

 the truncated portion of the animal were two sacs, which had been 

 lodged in cavities on each outer side of the sacrum, immediately 

 under the superior projection, made evident by the corresponding 

 depression in the investing muscle of that part. These globular bags 

 were lined with a secreting surface, but having suffered some muti- 

 lation in removal, the mode by which the secretion passed, or its 

 particular use, could not be ascertained. Mr. Yarrell thinks that they 

 are probably analogous to the well-known anal glands of various other 

 quadrupeds. 



According to Mr. Closeberry, who first discovered this animal, the 

 habits of Cklamyphorut resemble those of the mole, as it lives for the 

 most part under ground. He adds that the animal is reputed to carry 

 its young beneath the scaly cloak with which it ia covered, and that 

 the tail possesses little or no motion. 



< ' 1 1 1 , AM Y8. [CHBT801JEI.ID*.] 



CHLEXACE.& [CHUSNACKJS.] 



CHLORA, a genus of plants belonging to the natural order 

 Grntianacece. It has 8 sepals, a rotate corolla with 6-8 segments 

 withering round the capsule, the stigma bi-lamellate, the anthers not 

 altering, the capsule 1 -celled with spongy placenta 1 , the seeds angular. 



C. perfoliola, Yellow- Wort, has the lowermost leaves elliptico-oblong, 

 narrowed below ; the leaves of the stem broadly perfoliate. The 

 corollas are of a bright-yellow colour, and the stigmas are scarlet. The 

 whole plant is glaucous, and is very subject to attacks of mildew. It 

 is a native of chalky hills and banks in most countries of Europe. It 

 is found in England and Ireland, but not in Scotland. Like the 

 whole order to whieh it belongs it possesses a bitter principle, which 

 renders its action on the system tonic. It may be used in all those 

 cases of debility and in diseases where the roots of the Genliana and 

 Erythnrn are recommended. Its tonic properties are not however so 

 powerful as in many other species of the ordrr. 



(l.indley, Flora aedica ; Babington, Manual of British Botany.) 



CHUIUANTHA.VK.K, Ckloranllu, a natural order of Achlamy- 

 deous Exogenous Plants allied to the Peppers, and like them 

 having an aromatic fragrant odour. They are known from the orders 

 associated with them by their jointed stems and opposite leaves, 

 with intermediate stipules. Their flowers grow in naked spikes, and 

 consist of an ovary next the axis of inflorescence, and a fleshy anther 

 on the outside. Besides Chloranihtu [CULOKANTIICS] two other genera, 

 Jfatyonmum and Alcanna, constitute this order. In structure they 

 are allied to Piptractm, I'rlicaeea, and Saururacae. The order 

 contains about 15 species. 



CHLORANTHU8, a genus of plants belonging to the natural order 

 Chluranlkac'ctr. It has spiked flowers, each with a bract. Calyx 

 absent. Anther solitary and 2-oellud, or triple and 4 -celled, with a 

 thick fleshy connective; seated on the exterior side of the ovary. 

 The stigma sessile. I)ruj>e baccate, 1 -seeded. 



C. iificinalii is a smooth shrub 8-4 feet high, with opposite 

 straggling branches, tumid at the articulations, ftstular when yc.tmg. 

 Leave* spreading, opposite, stalked, oblong, acuminated at each end, 

 with glandular serraturea, thin, shining, and somewhat blistered; 

 petioles short and taper. Spikes terminal, branched. Hracts dotted 

 with glands. Anther white, changing to yellow. Drupe straw- 

 coloured. AH the parts are powerfully aromatic; the roots, if quickly 

 dried, retain their properties for a long time. The plant is a native 



of Java, in the moist woods, at an elevation of 1500 feet above the 

 1. \.-l . I ili.- H ,,. 



The mountaineers of Java employ the roots in infusion as a remedy 

 for spasms ; also when united with Anise or Qcymtut it is g< 

 small-pox. In fevers and a up|<n~'-i<-ii of the functions of the skin it 

 is said to be of the greatest service. It is no doubt a powerful and 

 active stimulant 



Ctlitrnnfltus ojfictnalit. 



1, Spike, the upper nnd lower flowers without ptamcns; 2, flower without iu 

 bract; 3, nn intfrior \iw of the anther; I, a m.ii,MUtU-d fruit : .'>, the k'in.1 of 

 the fruit ; 6, a neclion uf the fruit, nhowinjr tin- cnitu >.. ; 7, tin- MOM.- of the 

 fruit, with a portion of tin- shell removed ; K, a perpendicular M-etion of thu 

 ovury, fthmvni;; the po-ition of tlu- ovule. 



C. brafhyitacliyi is also a native of the coast of Java. li 

 upright linsh about 3 feet high, quite smooth in all it* parts. Leaves 

 obovate, lanceolate, tapering very much into the puti<>K, sharply 

 i-errate. Spikes short, terminal, branched. Bract* glandular. Ant In r 

 simple, 2-celled, growing from the side of the ovary. It pni] 

 are like those of the last species. 



CHLO'RION, a genus of Hymenopterous Insects of the section 

 Fouora. [SI-HEUID.K.] 



CHLORITE, a Mineral of a dark olive-green colour belonging to 

 the talc, or hydrous silicate of magnesia series. It occurs in masses 

 of a granular texture, ran-ly in hexagonal crystals, foliated lik 

 It has a slight pearly lustre, and is sub-translucent or opaque, 

 sub-trans] .nreut It* hardness is 1'5; specific gravity, 2'05 t 

 It has the following composition : 



Silica 3(i-4 



Alumina 17 



toxideoflron .... 4-4 



Water 12-6 



It fuses with difficulty on the thinnest edges. Its olivc-grn-n <-.,]. mr 

 and granular structure distinguish it from Scrpi-ntiin-. 11 may In- 

 known from Talc by its yielding water on fusion. 



Chlorite Slate is an impure variety which occurs abundantly, 

 sometimes in slaty rocks. 



CHLOBITOID, a Mineral of a greenish-black colour, and coarsdr 

 foliated. It is one of the hydrous silicates of alumina. No ai 

 of it appears to exist It comes from the Ural Mountains, ;. 

 a ImrdnesH = 6'5, and a specific gravity = 8 - 55. (Dana, Mine, 



' Ill.OHOMYS. 



