: 



CHUYSOBAI.A 



CHRYSOCHLOBia 



I,,,, 



rHKYSOliAI.AN \ 'I !:. Ckrytobaltuu, a natural order of Poly- 

 petalou* Exogenous Plant*, allied to Rotacne and Fnbacea (Lcgnmi- 

 HOSTF), from which it differs in the style proceeding from the base of 

 the ovary, and in its) stamens being very irregular, often placed only 

 on one aide of the ovary. They are tree* or shrubs, with alternate 

 stipulate simple leaves, and flowers in loose raceme*, corymbs, or 

 ]nicles. Many species have no petals. They are exclusively native* 

 of the tropic*, where they often bear the name of pluma. The gray 

 or rvugh-akinned pluma of Sierra-Leone are produced by species of 

 1'arinariuM, and the Callimato, or Cocoa-Plum of the \Veat Indies 

 belongs to Ckry*otala*tu Icaco. [CHKTSOBALAHUS.] The drupes of 

 HoquiUa gramlijlora are edible. The order contains 11 genera 

 and 50 species. 



t'HKYSoHALANUS, a genus of planta belonging to the natural 

 order Otrytotalanaeaf. It has a campanulate 5-cleft calyx. Petals 5, 

 unguiculate. Stamens about 2U, nearly equal in length, disposed 

 in one series. Drupe fleshy, plum-formed, containing an ovate 

 6 furrowed 1 -seeded nut. Trees with simple leaves, and racemes or 

 panicles of insignificant Bowers. The fruil of all the species is edible. 



C. Icaco, Cocoa-Plum, has nearly orbicular or obovate leaves, emar- 

 ginate ; racemes axillary, dichotomous ; stamens hairy. It is a native 

 ith America and the West Indies, by the sea-side, as-well as of 

 the southern parts of North America. The flowers are white. The 

 fruit is about the size of a plum, ovate, roundish, varying much in 

 rol.iur, white, yellow, red, but most commonly purple, and usually 

 covered with a sort of bloom. The skin is thin and th pulp white ; the 

 taste sweet, with some sharpness, but not unpleasant. It is eaten both 

 raw and preserved. The root, burk, and leaves are used in medicine. 



sioually a blue opaleacence. Streak whit.', l.n-ti.- \i'u-.-.i- 

 trauslucent or transparent. Specific gravity about 3'!>. II u In.-.-w, 8-5. 

 Fracture conchoidaL Before the blowpipe it suffers no change alone; 

 with borax it fuses into a transparent glass. 



The massive variety occurs in rounded pieces. 



It U found in Brazil, and in Connecticut, North Am.-rico. 



Seybert first found that it contained gluciua. The following are 

 his and Dr. Thomson's analyses : 



Cocoa-Plum (GayiobalatHU Icaco). 



a, Flowers In different stage* of development ; b, vertical section of the 

 flower; f, stamen; d, Tcrtical section of the pistil, showing: the ovules in the 

 t av of the ovary ; r, horizontal section of fruit, showing the inclosed nut ; 

 /, transverse section of nut ; g, a cotyledon, with the plumule at its bue. 



C. tlliptictu, Elliptic-Leaved Cocoa-Plum, has elliptic leaves, obtuse 

 nr acute, never emarginate ; racemes axillary, dichotomoiu ; stamens 

 hairy. * It is a native of Sierra-Leone on the sea-side. The fruit is 

 t the size of a damson, and like the other species is eatable. 



The other species are C. Minyifoliut, Oblong-Leaved Cocoa- 

 Tin in, native of Brazil ; C'. oraltfulitu, Oval-Leaved Coooa-Plmn, a 

 hhrub, native of Brazil ; and C. macrofkyUiu, Large-Leaved Cocoa- 

 ritiin, also a nitivc of Brazil 



The species thrive best in sandy loam. The best mode of increasing 

 the planta is by seeds, when they can be procured. 



rilUYS" IBERYL, a Mineral called Cymophane by Hauy. It occurs 

 massive and crystallised. Primary form, a right rhombic prism. Its 

 /colour is green, sometimes with a yellow or brown tinge, with ocea- 



Sejrbcrt. 

 Alumina . 

 niucina . 

 Silica 



Protoxide of 1 ron . 

 Oxide of Titanium 

 Moisture 



15-80 

 4 



3-38 

 1 

 0-40 



98-18 



Thomson. 

 Alumina . 

 Ulucina . . , 

 Protoxide of Iron 

 Volatile in . 



17-791 



4-494 

 0-480 



09-517 



CHRYSOCHLO'RA, a genus of Dipterous Insects belonging to the 

 family S/ratiomydei. Characters : Body elongated ; antenna! with 

 the basal joint short, the third long, conical, and compressed ; 

 terminal, elongated; third posterior IHIVUIV of tlie win, 

 ivarhing the hinder margin. 



C. ametkyttina U about three-quarters of an inch in length : Hi.- 

 head and antenna; are black ; there is a white spot at the base of each 

 antenna; the thorax and abdomen are of a violet-blue colour, tin- 

 latter has a yellow spot on each side of the second, third, and fourth 

 segments ; the legs are black. 



It inhabits the island of Mauritius and the East Indies. 



rilKYSoCHLO'RIS (Lacepode), a genus of animals beloa 

 the class Mammalia, and allied to the Moles (TW/.n), Uit ditlcri?. 

 them in their dentition and in other particulars. Dental formula : 



2 *> 't 



Incisors, - ; canines, ; molars, = 40. The true molars are 



4 8 8 



long, distinct, and nearly all in the shape of triangular pri 



The muzzle is short, wide, and reflected. There is no external ear, 

 nor any appearance of the eye externally. The fore feet hay. 

 claws only; the exterior claw is very large, arched, and point.. 1, 

 forming a powerful instrument for priift rating and d 

 the other two 1.1'mimsh gradually. The hind feet are furnished with 

 five claws of ordinary size. The fore-arm is supported by a third 

 bone placed under the ulna to strengthen it when the animal is 

 employed in excavation. The body ia thick and short The hair, or 

 rather fur, which is thick set, has a metallic luxttv. 



C. Capentit, Desmarest ; Taupe Doree of the French; 7V : 

 of Liumcus; C. ritlota of A Smith. Hn-r brown, presenthvj in i 



' 



int-is Cttpentit. 

 *, the animal on its feet ; i, the name turned up to show the clawi, &c. 



lights very brilliant changeable green, bron*-. and r.i|.j. .> tinU 

 Chivicr says that it is the only quadruped whose covering ivll.-i-ts 

 those metallic tints which render so many bird^, fishes, and insect* 

 biilU.iut. There ia no apparent tail. 



