

CICONIA 



upper surface in usually more or lean ahagreened, and hence is not 

 glmwy ; the tinder surface is glossy, and generally sparingly coTered 

 with bain of a pale colour. 



With respect to their habiu, it bu been before remarked that the 

 Cieindelir are extremely voracious ; we may add, they are very 

 active, and nlmo.it nlway* take to the wing when approached, and 

 hence are caught with difficulty ; their flight u however short. The 

 situations whirl) they inhabit are generally sandy plains or heatlm, 

 and sometimes the sea-shore or the ithores of rivers, &e. ; but some of 

 the other genera of the Cirintlrliilir, from their form and colouriinr, 

 appear to be more jnrticularly adapted to these last-mentioned 

 situation*. 



Six specie* of the geni'.s Cirindtla have been found in England, of 

 which the most common is Cicindcla canjiettrii. This insect is 

 found mora or less abundantly throughout the country, and is very 

 common in the neighbourhood of London; it in rather more than 

 half an inch in length, and of a bright green colour ; the anterior and 

 posterior margins of the thorax, the legs, and the basal joints of the 

 antennic are of a rich copper-colour; the under side of the body is 

 glossy and of a blue-green colour ; the wing-cases are each adorned 

 with six cream-coloured spots, one on the shoulder or outer angle, 

 another at the apex, three on the outer margin at nearly equal 

 distances apart, and one on the disc, a little lower down than the 

 third marginal spot from the shoulder. 



The larva of this insect is very well known, and may be found 

 almost at any time during the summer in sandy situations. It lives 

 in cylindrical burrows, varying from six inches to a foot in depth, 

 these burrows being excavated by itself. Like the perfect insect, it is 

 very voracious, anrl in fine weather may be seen with its head on a 

 level with the surface of the soil, lying in wait for any insect which 

 may happen to crawl over its cell. Its form is remarkable : the head 

 is very large and slightly concave ; the jaws are also large and curved 

 upwards ; the body is furnished with six legs, attached to the first 

 three segment*, and is humped near the middle of the. back, at which 

 part there are two tubercles, each of which is furnished with a horny 

 book; these hooks and the body being naturally of a bent shape, 

 enable the animal to sustain its position at the top of the cell, or to 

 ascend and descend very quickly : the concave head and the recurved 



mandibles form a 

 kind of natural 

 basket, in which 

 the soil is brought 

 to the mouth of 

 the cell during the 

 progress of its ex- 

 cavation. 



Four other Bri- 

 tish species of the 

 genus Cicht'itta 

 C. tylriiiii-ii. 

 C. marilima, U. 

 i, and C. 

 tjftpitoia, have 

 white or cream- 

 coloured spots in 

 the same situa- 

 tions as in C. 

 campatru, but 

 they are joined 

 together in pairs ; 

 the two towards 

 the base of the 

 wing-case form 

 eur\ ed dash which 

 surrounds the 

 shoulder ; the one 

 on the disc of the 

 elytron and that 

 at the margin 

 nearest it are also 

 joined, and form 

 a bent fascia, and 

 the two at the 

 apex form a 1., nt 

 dash, which fol- 

 lows tin- outline of 

 Fi|r. 1, CictnJela cainpfitru. Fig. 2, anterior Urnun *!,-* _* f *l 

 of the roalr. Fi. 3, anterior taisus of the fcm.le. * _,, ; 



FUr. 4, l.bium of another aprcin of CirinJria. fig. 4, W . 1D J 



mcntum of the urnc ; a a, Uhial p>lpi. Flu. ft, man. '""I"" 

 blr. Flf. ;, maxilla; a, external maxillary palpi; markings, namely, 

 , internal maxillary nalpl. Flftn. 8, , 10, 11, and U, a lunillar spot at 

 winn-aum of n>p diffi trnt uprc-im of Citimdtla, to abow the shoulder, a 

 Uw variation In the markings, bent fascia in 



the mi<l die, and 



another lunnlar spot at the apex of the elytron, is that which is 

 rnont commonly found in the species, and the moat common colour 

 is browni!i bronw ; such is the colour of C. marilima, C. riparia, 

 and C. rylrinta ; the latter sometimes varies to a green hue. 



In some exotic species of CiciatUta the elytra are. adorned with 

 numerous spots; eleven is the greatest number we have found; of 

 these, however, three or four are often obliterated, and the others are 

 joined (two or three together) so as often to form three irregular- 

 shaped oblong dashes or fasciie. 



In some instances the markings run one into the other, so that 

 there is more white than ground-colour ; and in one species, now 

 before us, the wing-cases are entirely white. These markings vary but 

 slightly in individuals of the same species. 



The Cirindrluttr, in most arrangements of insects, form the first 

 family of the Coleopltra. 



CICONIA (Brisson), a genus of Birds belonging to the family 

 Ariliii/tr, and including the species popularly called Storks. The 

 genus has the following characters : Bill long, straight, siibcylindri- 

 cal, in form of an elongated cone, pointed, trenchant, Imtt 

 rounded, of equal height with the head ; lower mandible a little et 

 upwards. Nostrils slit longitudinally in the horny substance of ?!,. 

 bill, placed near the base. Eyes surrounded with a naked space, 

 whieh does not communicate -with the bill ; the face, the space i 

 the eyes, or a part of the neck, often naked. Feet long ; three toes 

 forward, united by a membrane up to the first joint, the ixmtrr. 

 articulated on the same level with the others ; nails short, depressed, 

 without dent ilation-i. Wings moderate ; the first quill shorter 

 the second, which is rather shorter than the third, fourth, and fifth, 

 which are the longest. (Temminc-k.) 



Bill of Stork. 



M. Temminck observes that the Storks live in marshes, an- 

 principally on reptiles, frogs and their spawn, as well a* ti-hes, small 

 manimiferous animals, aud young birds. They are, in all the eoiin- 

 tries of the world where they occur, a privileged race on account of 

 their utility and of the havoc they make among noxious animal-. 

 Their migration takes place in great flocks: they are easily tamed. 

 The moult is autumnal. Tim sexes do not differ. All the .-; 

 make a clattering noise with their bills. 



The species best known are the White Stork (Ciconia alba), and 

 the Black Stork {C. m'yra), both of which are British birds. We 

 select the former as an example of that part of the genus which i- in- 

 sists of the Storks properly so called. 



The White or Common Stork is the IJtAopyo's of Aristotle 

 and the Greeks; Ciconia of the Romans; Cico^na. ('in 'pia J'.i- 



anca, and 



of the 



Cicogne and t'i- 

 gogne Blanche of 

 the. Krenc-h ; and 

 Weisser Storch of 

 the Germans. 

 C. allm -, 

 Ciconia, Monbi 

 the Whit.- Stork, 

 or Common S- 

 It has the bill 

 'fiht. Hiinioth : 



naked .-kill of 



cheeks very small, 

 and not cummuni- 

 cnting with the bill. 

 Plumage white. 



Head, lieek, ami 

 all tile | 

 body, pule \\ [ 

 scapulars and Mo- 

 wings black ; bill 



and feet reil ; naked 



skin around the 

 eyes blaek ; iris 

 brown. Length ''* 

 feet 5 or 6 in< !> 



Young. The tar- 

 nished black of tin- 

 wind's is tinged with 

 brown in the younj- 

 Common Stork (CTcomo alto). i,,,, u :lll ,, ,,;,. ]M 



of a redilish-lilar-k. 



Habits, Food, Reproduction, Ac. Assured by the kindness with 

 which it in treated, in requital for it* sen 'id of 



dead as well as living nuisances, the White Stork approaches the 



