HOADLKY, BENJAMIN, M.l>. 



THOMAS. 



oromary auompi at iui 

 of mooey , by a foreigne 

 and exposed by him w 

 *S'< **?. "/ 



A full account of Bishop Hoadley, with the particular* of an extra- 

 ordinary attempt at imposition upon him in hi* old age, in an affair 

 ' er to whom he had shown great favour, detected 

 ith a vigour which ia rarely found in persons st 

 i be read iu the ' Biographi* Britannic*. 



HOADLEY, BENJAMIN, M.D., eldest son of Bishop Hoadley, wa* 

 born February 10th 17U5 in London. He was admitted of Corpus 

 Chriatt College, Cambridge, April Sth 1722, and received his degree 

 of M.D. in 1729. In June 1742 he was appointed physician to his 

 Majesty's household, and in January 1746 was appointed physician to 

 the household of Frederick, prince of Wales, and ho held both offices 

 at the same time. He was the author of ' Three Letters on the Organs 

 of Respiration,' read at the Royal College of Physicians, London, 1737, 

 bring the Gulstonian Lecture* for that year; ' Oratio Anniversaria in 

 TheatroCoL Medicor. ex Harveii institute, habita die ISmo, Oct. 1742;' 

 and ' Observations on a Series of Electrical Experiment*,' 4 to, 1756. 

 Dr. Hoadley is now known chiefly aa the author of ' Tbe Suspicious 

 Husband,' 1747, a bustling comedy, full of incidents of intrigue, in 

 which Qarrick was distinguished for his performance of the character 

 of Ranger, a* Elusion was also in more recent time*. Dr. Hoadley 

 died August 10th, 1767, in his boon at Chelsea. 



Hi* brother, the Rev. Joax HOADLET, LL.D., born October Stb, 

 1711, died March 16th, 1776, wa* the bi-hop's youngest son. He was 

 the author of several poems iu Dodsloy's 'Collection,' and of five 

 dramatic piece* which are now forgotten. He published an edition 

 of Bishop Hoadley 's works, 3 vols. folio, London, 1773. 



HOAUE, SIR RICHARD COLT, BABT., the historian of Wiltshire, 

 and an eminent biographer and antiquary, was born on the 9th of 

 December 1758. His father, the first baronet, was married to Anne, 

 second daughter of Henry Hoare, Esq., and of Susanna, daughter and 

 heiress of Stephen Colt, Esq. In a very pleasing autobiography which 

 Sir 1C Colt Hoare drew up in his old age, he says : " In my youth I 

 was initiated in the business of our family bank (Messrs. Hoare's bank, 

 Fleet Street, London), till my grandfather removed me from it, and 

 gave up to me during his lifetime all his landed property. An early 

 habit of application to business induced me to have recourse to tbe 

 pen and pencil, for, without sumo amusement, life ultimately must 

 produce tedium and ennui ; and, thanks to Providence, 1 used in my 

 advanced ago to feel tbe benefits of tbe e.irly habits of application." 

 In 1783 he married the eldest daughter of Lord Lyttleton, who died 

 in 1785, leaving one child, Henry. In 1787 he succeeded to the 

 baronetcy. After the death of bis wife he made on extensive tour on 

 the Continent, which occupied him nearly two years ; and in 1788 he 

 again left England on a continental tour, and did not return until 

 August 1791. He devoted ample time to the examination of interesting 

 objects, and filled his portfolio with valuable drawings. For the 

 gratification of his family and friends he printed an account of his 

 travels in four volumes. They were subsequently condensed, and 

 published in 1818 in 2 vols. 8vo, under the title of ' A Classical Tour 

 through Italy and Sicily ; tending to illustrate some districts which 

 have not been described by Mr. Eustace in his Classical Tour.' When 

 tbe greater part of the Continent had become closed in consequence 

 of the war, Sir Richard travelled through his own country, and he 

 began with Wales ; " but, as travelling without a pursuit becomes 

 tedious, I resolved," he says, " to take Giraldus as my guide." In 1806 

 he published a translation of Giraldus, with views, annotations, and a 

 life of Giraldus, in two splendid quarto volume*. He furnished the 

 drawings for the description of Monmouthshire by Archdeacon Coxe. 

 In 1807 he visited Ireland, and published a short account of his 

 excursion. But it is as the historian of Wiltshire, his native county, 

 that Sir R. Colt Hoare's fame as a topographer and antiquarian is best 

 established. The first volume of South Wiltshire is confined to British 

 antiquities, and includes Stoneheugo. The second volume commences 

 with North Wiltshire, and Part I. is devoted to the British Period 

 and contains the account of Avebury. Part IL comprises the Roman 

 Period. These two elaborate volumes were followed in 1821 by the 

 history of Modern Wiltshire. In the description of several of the 

 hundreds he had a coadjutor for each, but the difficulty of obtaining 

 aid of this kind at length compelled him to confine his attention to 

 South Wiltshire. He died on the 19th of May 1838. A catalogue of 

 work* printed for private circulation by Sir R. Colt Hoare is given in 

 the ' Gentleman's Magazine ' for July 1838, which also contains a list 

 of hi* communication* to the Royal Society of Antiquaries. 



HOAUK, WILLIAM, R.A., an historical and portrait painter, born 

 at Bath about the year 1706. He studied at Rome nine years, where 

 ho was the fellow-pupil of Pompeo Batoni, under Francesco Feruandi, 

 called D'Imperiali, Upon his return to England he established himself 



1 a great reputation as a portrait- 

 nted also some historical pieces. 

 ' Christ bearing the Cross,' in the 



church of St. Michael at Bath ; and another of the ' Lame. Man healed 

 at the Pool of Bethesda,' in the Octagon Chapel. He was one of the 

 original members of the Royal Academy, and sent several works to its 

 early exhibitions. Ho died at Bath in 1792. 



HOARE, PRINCE, who succeeded Boswell as foreign secretary to 

 the Royal Ac.ideuiy, was the eldest son of William Hoare, R. A., and was 

 born in 1754. He was professionally a painter, and ii known as tbe 

 author of about twenty dramatic pieces, among which aro ' No Song 



cauea u impenau. upon nu return to Eng 

 at bio native place, where he acquired a gn 

 painter in oil* and crayons; he painted , 

 There is an altar-piece by Hoare, of ' Chru 



no Sapper,' Lock and Key,' ' My Grandmother,' and other lively 

 faroM ; and he published in 1806 ' An Inquiry into the Requisite 

 Cultivation and Present Stats of the Art* of Design in England.' 

 Prince Hoare prevented the so-called ' Slaughter of the Innocents,' by 

 RaffaeUe, to the Foundling Hospital, which institution has lent it to 

 the National Gallery ; it is however only a part of a composition, and 

 has been so completely painted and varnished over that, if originally 

 by Baflmelle, now little of Uaffaelle remains but the composition, which 

 is very inferior to Rafiaelle's more important works. Prince Hoaro 

 died at Brighton in 1834, aged eighty. 



HOBBKS, THOMAS, was bora at Malmesbury, in Wiltshire, on the 

 Sth of April 1588, and was the ion of a clergyman of that town. At 

 the age of fifteen he was sent to Magdalen Hall, Oxford ; and after he 

 had gone through the usual university course, he became in 1608 

 private tutor in the family of Lord Hardwicke, soon afterwards created 

 Earl of Devonshire. In 1610 he went abroad with his pupil, Lord 

 Cavendish, and made the tour of France and Italy. After his return 

 he came to mix much, chiefly through the assistance of his patron the 

 Earl of Devonshire, with the men most distinguished at that time for 

 learning, as well as with others conspicuous by their high station. 

 He enjoyed the familiar friendship of Bacon, who is said to have been 

 assisted by Hobbes in the translation of some of his works into Latin, 

 and was an intimate associate also of Lord Herbert of Cherbury, and 

 of Ben Jonson. Ben Jonson revised for Hobbes his first work, the 

 translation of Thucydides, 



This translation, which had been begun, as Hobbes himself tells us, 

 " with an honest view of preventing, if possible, those disturbances iu 

 which he was apprehensive his country would be involved, by showing, 

 in this history of the Peloponuesian war, the fatal consequences of 

 intestine troubles," was published in 1628. His patron, the Earl of 

 Devonshire, had died two years before ; and the son, Hobbos's pupil, 

 died in the year in which this translation was published. He was so 

 much affected by this loss that he gladly seized an opportunity of 

 going abroad with the son of Sir Gervase Clifton, with whom he 

 remained some time in France. He returned in 1631, at the instance 

 of the Dowager-Countess of Devonshire, to undertake the education of 

 the young earl, who was then only thirteen. In 1631 he went with 

 his new pupil first to Paris, where he enjoyed the friendship and 

 frequent society of Father Mersenne, and applied himself much to tho 

 study of natural philosophy, and afterwards to Italy, where he became 

 known to Galileo. He returned to England in 1637. Shortly afterwards 

 he applied himself to the composition of his ' Elementa Philosophic* 

 de five,' a few copies of which were printed at Paris in 1612. A second 

 edition of the work was printed in Holland in 1647, under the super- 

 intendence of M. Sorbicre, to which were prefixed two laudatory 

 letters addressed to the editor, the one by GasMndi and the other by 

 Mersenne. 



Shortly after the meeting of the Long Parliament, which took place 

 in the end of the year 1640, Hobbes had withdrawn himself to Paris. 

 He became acquainted there with Descartes, with whom he afterwards 

 held a correspondence on mathematical subjects ; and he also acquired 

 the friendship of Gassendi. 



In 1647 Hobbes was appointed mathematical tutor to tho Prince of 

 Wales, afterwards Charles II. ; and he so won the esteem and affection 

 of the prince, that though, after the publication of the ' Leviathan,' 

 Charles, yielding to the opinions of diviues, forbade him his presence, 

 he yet always spoke of him iu terms of tho greatest kindness, kept 

 his picture, taken expressly for tho purpose, iu his study, and when 

 he had been restored to the throne, unasked presented him with a 

 pension. 



Hobbes's two small treatises, entitled ' Human Nature ' and ' De 

 Corpora Politico,' wero published iu London in llifiO, and iu the 

 following year the ' Leviathan.' Ho caused a copy of this last work 

 to be fairly written out on vellum, and presented to Charles II. ; but 

 the king, having been informed by some diviues that it contained 

 principles subversive both of religion and civil government, thought 

 it right to withdraw bis favour from Hobbia, and, as has been already 

 said, forbade him his presence. 



After the publication of the ' Leviathan,' Hobb.'s returned to England. 

 In 1654 ho published his ' Letter upon Liberty and Necessity,' which 

 led to a long controversy with Bishop liramhall [BUAJIUALLJ ; and it 

 was about this time too that he began a controversy with Dr. WallU 

 [\VALLIS, JOHN], the mathematical professor at Oxford, which lasted 

 until Hobbes's death. By this last controversy he got no honour. 



Almost immediately after Charles's restoration in 1660, a pension of 

 1001. a year was settled upon Hobbes out of the privy purse ; but this 

 mark of favour from the king had by no means the effect of removing 

 tho obloquy under which Hobbes and his opinions laboured, and in 

 1666 his ' Leviathan ' and 'De Cive' were censured by parliament. 

 Shortly after Hobbes was still further alarmed by tho introduction of 

 a bill into the House of Commons for the punishing of atheism and 

 profaueness ; but this storm blew over, and, as is usually the case, the 

 notorUty attending the obloquy under which Hobbes laboured had 

 its sweets as well as its bitters. In the year 1669 he received a visit 

 from Cosmo de' Medici, then prince and afterwards duke of Tuvcany, 

 who honoured him with many presents, and oskod in return for his 

 picture and a complete collection of his writings, tho former of which 

 he afterwards deposited aruou,; his curiosities, and the latter iu his 



