HOOK, REV. WALTER FARQUHAR, D.D. 



HOOKER, RICHARD. 



hi* dramatic piece*, and bo forjrotUn. Hi* satirical poem, an little 

 bMUr than doggrel, and the points, now that the circumstances which 

 gave roe to thorn hare pasted away, leem very blunt indeed : hu 

 power in UMM poems waa generally in the coarseness of hu invective*. 

 not in satirical wit, of which indeed ho had little, and that of inferior 

 quality. 



(Quarterly Rrti**. May 1342, an entorUining and instructive 

 article, written in a fair apirit, by one who kuew Hook well, reprinted 

 in Murray ' Railway Reading; and Life and Jttmaini of T/uodure 

 Bock, by the Rev. R. H. Barbara.) 



HOOK. RKV. WALTER FARQUHAR, D.D., is the aon of the 

 Rer. James Hook, Dean of Worcester. He waa educated at Winchester 

 College, and at Christchurch, Oxford, where he graduated in 1821. 

 After being for some time curate at Wliippingham, Ilo of Wight, he 

 WM appointed in 1827 lecturer at St Philip's Church, Birmingham. 

 In 1829 he became vicar of Trinity Church, Coventry. In 1837 he 

 waa choaen vicar of Leeds, which office he still retains, and is also 

 rural dean, prebendary of Lincoln, and chaplain in ordinary to the 

 queen. Dr. Hook has greatly distinguished himself in the parish of 

 Leeds by bis activity and usefulness, as well in the performance of 

 his clerical duties as by his successful efforts to extend education 

 among the poorer classes. He was also one of the promoters of the 

 Act of Parliament for the division of populous parishes, aud U a 

 member of the commission for that purpose. His own parish was 

 divided under the Act, and his own income thereby greatly reduced. 

 The parish church of St. Peter, Leeds, was rebuilt at an expense of 

 30.000J., and was consecrated Sept 2, 1841, by the Bishop of Kipou. 

 In 1851, on the tenth anniversary of the consecration, he preached a 

 sermon, in which he stated that thirteen new churches had been erected 

 in the parish in as many years, that others were building, and that 

 school-rooms had been provided for 10,000 children. In 1856 Dr. 

 Longlev, bishop of Ripon, on taking leave of the clergy of his diocese, 

 stated that twenty churches had then been built in Luedi through the 

 exertions of Dr. Hook. 



Dr. Hook U the author of several works, of which the following are 

 the most important: 'An Ecclesiastical Biography, containing the 

 Lives of Ancient Fathers and Modern Divines, interspersed with 

 Notices of Heretics and Schismatics, forming a Brief History of the 

 Church in every Age,' 8 vola. 12ino, London, 1845-52; 'A Church 

 Dictionary,' 8vo, 7th ed., 1854. This work originally appeared in 

 monthly tracts, intended to explain to the author's parishioners the 

 more important doctrines of the church aud the fundamental truth? 

 of the Christian religion. As the circulation was large, be was induced 

 to alter and extend his plan so as to render it a work uf more general 

 utility than was at first designed. ' Sermons suggested by the Miracles 

 of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ,' 2 vols. 12mo, 1847; ' On the 

 Means of rendering more effectual the Education of the People,' 8vo, 

 10th ed., 1851 ; 'The Three Reformations, 8vo, 3rd ed., 1854; 'Dis- 

 courses bearing on the Controversies of the Day,' 8vo, London, 1853 ; 

 Family Prayers," 18mo ; ' Private Prayer*,' 18mo; 'Church of England 

 Vindicated ' (sermons), 12mo ; ' Sermons at Oxford,' 1 2uio ; ' Last Days 

 of our Lord's Ministry,' 12uio. Dr. Hook is also the author of several 

 sermons which have been published separately, and has edited some 

 useful devotional works written by others. 



HOOKE, NATHANIEL, died iu 1764. We are ignorant of the 

 place and time of his birth. He was a Roman Catholic, enjoyed the 

 friendship of Pope, and was intimate with most of his eminent literary 

 contemporaries. He is said to have lost his fortune in the South Sea 

 scheme. The work by which Uooke is principally known is entitled 

 ' The Roman History, from the Building of Home to the Ruin of the 

 Commonwealth,' which was originally published in 4 vols. 4to, 1733 

 1771, and though now of little value has been frequently reprinted. 

 This work is little else than a translation of the classical writers on 

 Roman history ; and in those parts which relate to the contests 

 between the Patricians and Plebeians the author defends the cause of 

 the hitter with as much partiality as Middletou, in his ' Life of Cicero,' 

 bad supported the side of the former. Hooke also published a work 

 on the Roman Senate in answer to Dr. Middleton's and Dr. Chapman's 

 treatises on the same subject, 1758 ; and translated from the French 

 the ' Life of Fenelon,' 1723, and Ramsay's ' Travels of Cyrus,' 1739. 



HOOKE, ROBERT, was born July 18, 1635, at Freshwater, iu the 

 Isle of Wight, of which parish bis father was then mini-tor. After 

 leaving Westminster School, where he had been placed under the care 

 of Dr. Busby, he entered Christchurch, Oxford, iu the year 1053 ; aud 

 shurtly afterwards, having been introduced to the Philosophical 

 Society of Oxford, we learn that he was engaged to assist Dr. Wallis 

 in his chemical experiments, aud that he subsequently served Mr. 

 Robert Boyle in a .similar capacity. In 1662 he was appointed 

 curator of experiments to tho Royal Society ; and when that body 

 was incorporated by charter the following year, Mr. Hooke was one 

 of those Fellows who were first nominated by the council (Thom- 

 son's 'Hist of the Royal Society,' appendix iv.) In 1604 he 

 succeeded Dr. Dacrea as professor of geometry in Greaham College ; 

 and two years after, having produced a plan for rebuilding the city 

 of London, which had been recently destroyed by fire, he received 

 toe appointment of city surveyor, and from the emoluments of that 

 office he subsequently acquired considerable wealth. (Ward's ' Lives 

 of the Ureshaiu Professors,' London, 1740, fol.) In 1608, Hevclius 



having aent a copy of his ' Cometographia ' to Mr. Hooke, the latter, 

 in return, aent Hevelius a description of his now dioptric telescope, 

 which led to a dispute wherein several of the members of tho Royal 

 Society afterwards became involved. [HcvKUOS.] In 1677 he suc- 

 ceeded Oldenburg as secretary to the Society. In 101)1 he waa 

 created Doctor of Physic, by a warrant from Archbishop TUlotaon. 

 He died at Uresham College in 1702, in his sixty-eighth year, exhausted 

 by long-continued and meritorious exertions in the cause of science. 

 His funeral was attended by all the members of tho Royal Society, 

 and his remains were interred in the church of St Helen, Bishopgato 

 Street In his person Hooke was short of stature, thin, and crooked. 

 He seldom retired to bed till two or three o'clock in tho morning, 

 and frequently pursued his studies during the whole night. II /a 

 inventive faculty waa surprisingly great, but he waa chiefly charac- 

 terised by his mechanical turn aud his great sagacity in discovering 

 the general laws of phenomena, in proof of which it will be sufficient 

 to give the following extract from a paper communicated by Dr. 

 Hooke in 1674 ('Phil. Trans.,' No. 101, p. 12), entitled 'An AtU-uipt 

 to prove the Motion of the Earth from Observation,' wherein he aays 

 " he will explain a system of the world differing from any yet known, 

 but answering in all things to the common rules of mechanical 

 motions, which system depends upon three suppositions. 1. That 

 all celestial bodies whatsoever have an attraction or gravitating 

 power towards their own centres, whereby they attract not only 

 their own parts and keep them from Hying from them (as we may 

 observe the eirth to do), but also all other celestial bodies that are 

 within tho sphere of their activity. 2. That all bodies what- 

 soever that are put into a direct and simple motion will so con- 

 tinue to move forward in a straight line till they are by some more 

 eflVctual power deflected and bent into a motion that describes some 

 curved line. 3. That these attractive powers arc so much the more 

 powerful in operating, by bow much nearer the body wrought upon is 

 to their own centres." " This," observes Mr. Barlow (' Ency. Metro.,' 

 art. 'Astronomy'), "was a very precise enunciation of a proper 

 philosophical theory." The works left by Dr. Hooke ore too nume- 

 rous to mention here; but the reader will find a complete list of 

 those published during his lifetime, and also of his posthumous 

 works, in Ward's ' Lives of the Qresham Professors.' 



HOOKER, otherwise VOWELL, JOHN, an English historian, born 

 at Exeter about 1524. His father, Robert Hooker, was mayor of that 

 city in 1529. John Hooker was bred at Oxford, but whether iu Exeter 

 or Corpus Christi College, Wood was uncertain. He afterwards tra- 

 velled in Germany, aud studied law at Cologne. Soon after his return 

 to England in 1554, he was mudo chamberlain of his native city, being 

 the first person who held that office. Ho was subsequently sent into 

 Ireland upon the affairs of Sir Peter Carew, and was elected burgess 

 for Athcnry in the parliament of 1568. In 1571 ho represented Exeter 

 in the parliament of England. His printed works were: 1. 'The 

 Order and Usage of Keeping of the Parliaments iu England,' 4to, 

 London, 1572 ; written for the purpose of regulating and conducting 

 the proceedings of the parliament of Ireland. 2. 'The Events of 

 Comets or Bla/.ing Stars made upon the Sight of tho Comet Pagania, 

 which appeared in November and December, 1577,' 4to, London, 1577. 

 3. ' The Description of the Cittie of Excester,' 4to. 4. ' A Pamphlet 

 of the Offices and Duties of everie particular sworuo Officer of tho 

 Cittie of Excester,' 4 to, London, 1584. 5. ' A Catalogue of tho Bishops 

 of Excester,' 4 to, London, 1584. The three last articles were reprinted 

 together at Exeter, 4to, 1765. Hooker waa also the principal editor of 

 Holiuahed's 'Chronicle*' iu 1586, which he greatly augmented aud 

 continued, more particularly in what related to Ireland. He also 

 added to Holinshed a translation of (Jir.ildu.* Cambreusia. He died in 

 1601, and was buried iu the cathedral of Exeter. (Wood, Alh. Ox., 

 last edition, vol. L, p. 713 ; Herbert, Typogr. Antiq.; Prince, Wvrt/iiet 

 of Dcvvn ; Tanner, Bibl. lirU. Hit}.) 



HOOKER, RICHARD, was bora at Heavytree, near Exeter, about 

 1553, according to Walton, or about Easter, 1554, according to Wood. 

 By the kindness of his uncle, John Hooker, chamberlain of Exeter, he 

 obtained a better education at school than his parents could have 

 afforded ; and he was afterwards introduced by the same relative to 

 the notice of Bishop Jewel, who procured him iu 1507 a clerkship iu 

 Corpus Christi College, Oxford. In December 1573 he became a 

 scholar of that college, and a fellow aud master of arts in 1577. In 

 1579 be was appointed lecturer on Hebrew in the university, olid iu 

 October of the same year he was expelled bis college, with Dr. John 

 Reynolds and three other fellows, but restored the amu mouth. ID 

 about two years he took orders, and was appointed to preach at I'uul'* 

 Cross. On this occasion he lodged with Mr. John Churchman, whose 

 daughter Joan he married in tho following year. " This lady," Isaak 

 Walton says, " brought him neither beauty nor portion." His fellow- 

 ship being vacated by his marriage, he was presented to the living of 

 Drayton-Beaucbump, in Bucks, by John Cherry, Esq., in 15S4. Hero 

 he received a visit from on old pupil, Edward Sandys, who took pity 

 on his poverty, and obtained from his father, tho Archbishop of York, 

 a promise of preferment for him. Through the archbishop's influence 

 ho was appointed Master of the Temple in 1585. Here he became 

 engaged in a controversy on church discipline aud some points uf 

 doctrine with Walter Travers, afternoon lecturer at tho Temple, who 

 had been ordaiued by the Presbytery ut Antwerp, and held most of 



