Ml 



LOVELACE, RICHARD. 



LOYOLA, IGNATIUS. 



62 



Jn> II., than living at the court of St Germain, formally renounced 

 the Protestant faith, and embraced that of the Roman Catholic*. 

 Jamea II. having died in 1701. hia son, Jamei Francis Edward, resolved 

 to make an attempt to regain hit father'* kingdom, and Fraser wai 

 appointed by the court* of Versailles and St Germain to tir up an 

 insurrection in the Highland* of Scotland. He was made a colonel 

 (some say a major general), was furnished with credentials to treat 

 with noblemen, gentlemen, and chiefs of clan*, and was supplied with 

 arms, ammunition, and money. lie embarked at Dunkirk, and lauded 

 in Scotland about the end of 1702. He pretended to perform hi* 

 engagement, but after hia return to France in 1703 it wo* discovered 

 that he had abused his trust, and had disclosed the plot to the Duke 

 of Queensbury. He was confined in the Baatile, where he remained 

 till 1708, when, in order to obtain his release, he offered to enter into 

 holy orders. By the influence of the pope's nuncio and other Roman 

 Catholic clergymen he was set at liberty, took orders, retired to St. 

 Omer, entered the College of Jesuits, and discharged for some years 

 the duties of a priest with apparent sincerity and much diligence. 



When the Rebellion broke out in 1715 Fraser repaired to London, 

 and with some difficulty and risk got to the Highlands of Scotland 

 under the assumed name of Captain Brown. His great object was to 

 obtain his hereditary estates. A large part of the clan of the Frasers 

 received him as their chief, and were willing to act according to his 

 decision ; and as Fraserdale, who had married the heiress and held the 

 estates, had joined the Pretender, Fraser adhered to the king. He 

 took Inverness from the rebels, and after the rebellion was suppressed 

 his services were rewarded with the title of Lord Lovat and the grant 

 of the forfeited estates. 



In 1717 Lord Lovat married a daughter of the Laird of Grant, and 

 by her bad two sons and two daughters, who survived him. His wife 

 having died, he married a young lady nearly related to the Argyll 

 family, and had a son by her, but treated her with so much cruelty 

 that a separation was the consequence. He was appointed governor 

 of Inverness and lord-lieutenant of Inverness-shire, and lived in tolerable 

 quietness till the second rebellion broke out in 1745, when he joined 

 the side of Charles Edward, the young Pretender, but kept himself 

 at home, and sent his son with the Frasers, pretending, in his reply to 

 the Lord President, who, on the 28th of October 1745, wrote to 

 reproach him, that his son had acted without his authority. There 

 was however abundant evidence of his participation, and he fled and 

 concealed himself in the wildest parts of the Highlands ; but after 

 many escapes he was caught and conveyed to London. He was con- 

 fined in the Tower, and was not brought to trial till the 9th of March 

 1747. The trial lasted seven days, and he was then found guilty and 

 sentenced to be beheaded. Both before and after his trial he amused 

 evtry one near him with his jests. When he had received sentence he 

 exclaimed on quitting the bar, "Farewell, my Lords, we shall never 

 all again meet in the same place ; " a retort which, as Lord Mahon 

 notices, is transferred by Byron, without acknowledgment, to his Israel 

 Beituccio. ('Doge of Venice,' act 5, scene 1.) On the 9th of April 

 1747 Lord Lovat was led to the scaffold on Tower-hill. He was then 

 eighty years of age, and after sitting awhile in a chair, and talking 

 deliberately to those about him, he laid his head quietly down on the 

 block, and gave the sign quickly ; and though he was very fat and his 

 neck unusually short, his head was cut off at a single blow. 



LOVELACE, RICHARD, born in 1618, was the son of a Kentish 

 knight Educated at the Charterhouse and at Oxford, he was placed 

 at court, and entered the army under the patronage of Goring. On 

 the close of the civil war, he retired to hia paternal seat, Lovelace 

 Place, near Canterbury. The county deputed him to present their 

 petition in favour of the king to the Long Parliament; and for doing 

 this he was imprisoned in the Gatehouse, and released only on giving 

 bail in forty thousand pounds. In 1646 he raised a regiment in the 

 French service, commanded it, and wo* wounded at Dunkirk : and it 

 iieaid that the lady he celebrated in his poems married another person, 

 on a false report that Lovelace had died of his wound. Returning to 

 England in 1648, he was again imprisoned, and remained in confine- 

 ment till after the king's death. In 1649 he published a volume of 

 poems, entitled ' Lucasta's Odea, Sonnets, Songs,' &o. He had spent his 

 fortune freely in serving the Royal cause. He now fell into embarrass- 

 ment and sickness, and lived for some years wretchedly. He died of 

 consumption, in a mean lodging in Gunpowder-alley, Shoe-lane, Fleet- 

 street, London, in 1658, and was buried at the west end of St Bride's 

 church. Lovelace was the author of two plays, which have never 

 been printed. His lyrical poems, with much inequality and many 

 other faults, are full of spirit and vigour. Specimens of them are in 

 all the common collections ; and one or two of them, such as the fine 

 verses ' To Althea from Prison,' furnish some of the most hackneyed 

 of quotation*. 



* LOVER, SAMUEL, painter, novelist, poet, and musician, was born 

 at Dublin in 1797. His earliest successes were in painting, and were 

 sufficiently marked to secure his election as academician of the Royal 

 Hibernian Academy of Art* in 1828. A portrait of Pngauini, exhibited 

 in the Royal Academy, London, in 1838, procured Mr. Lover various 

 commissions ; but a roving taste seconding varied accomplishments, 

 induced him to almost abandon art Literature succeeded, and the 

 ' Legends and Stories of Ireland,' and the novels ' Rory (J'Moore ' and 

 'Handy Andy,' obtained equal success in their way. During these 



years Mr. Lover had written and composed very many ballads, since 

 published in a volume. He was also the author of several li^ht 

 dramas and operettas. In 1844, iu an entertainment called 'Irish 

 Evenings,' Mr. Lover illustrated Irish life with his own song* and 

 music ; and the great success which he obtained led to his making 

 a visit to the United States. Mr. Lover's literary services have been 

 recognised by a pension from government, which ho now enjoys in 

 rural retirement 



LOWTH, WILLIAM, born 1661, is the elder of two divines of the 

 Church of England, father and eon, both distinguished by eminent 

 attainments in biblical literature and by their useful publications. 

 The elder is the less eminent, though he is supposed to have been the 

 profounder scholar; but he lived less in the public eye, and attain'.! 

 to none of the dignities which were bestowed on the son. Karly in 

 life he became chaplaiu to Mew, bishop of Winchester, who gave him 

 a prebend in the cathedral of Winchester, and the rectory of llunton 

 in that diocese, where he lived, died, and was buried. He had been a 

 pupil of Merchant Taylors' School, whence he had passed to St John's 

 College, Oxford. He died in 1732. 



If we would form an idea of the extent of his laborious reading, we 

 must look rather to the works of other persons than his own, and 

 particularly to Potter's edition of the works of Clemens Alexandriuus, 

 and Hudson's edition of the works of Josephus. To both these editor* 

 be communicated valuable notes. Of his own writings, those which 

 are now moat read are his ' Directions for the Profitable Reading the 

 Holy Scriptures,' which was first published in 1708, and has been 

 often reprinted, and his ' Commentary on tho four greater Prophets.' 

 This last-named work usually accompanies Bishop Patrick's Commen- 

 tary on the other books of Scripture, to which it was prepared as a 

 supplement 



LOWTH, ROBERT, a prelate of the English Church, son of the 

 Lowth last named, aud, like his father, distinguished by his knowledge 

 of the books of Scripture and his valuable writings in illustration of 

 them, was born in 1710. He was educated in the school of Winchester 

 founded by William of Wyckham, whence he passed to New Colli-g.', 

 Oxford, which was also founded by the same munificent prelate, lie 

 went abroad with members of the Dartmouth and the Devonshire 

 families, who, especially the latter, favoured his advancement in the 

 Church ; and having the good fortune to secure also the patronage of 

 Hoadley, bishop of Winchester, he rose by regular gradations till he 

 became Bishop of London, and in a situation to decline the offer which 

 was made to him by King George III. of the archbishopric of Canter- 

 bury. A few dates of his preferments may suffice. Early in life he 

 had the rectory of Ovingtou; in 1750 he was made Archdeacon of 

 Winchester; in 1753 rector of East Woodhay in that diocese; iu 1766 

 he became Bishop of St. David's ; iu the same year he was translated 

 to Oxford; and iu 1777 be was made Bishop of London. He died 

 in 1787. 



In speaking of the writings with which Bishop Lowth has enriched 

 the literature of his country, we shall pass over his minor tracts, even 

 those which belong to his controversy with Bishop \Varburtou, arising 

 out of a trifling difference of opinion respecting the Book of Job. 

 The controversy was conducted on both sides with a virulence rarely 

 witnessed in these days in the disputes of literary men, and the 

 pamphlets may be recommended to any one who can relish angry 

 disputations seasoned by leaaiing and wit Writings on which we can 

 dwell with greater satisfaction, are his ' Life of William of Wyckham,' 

 first published iu 1758, a good specimen of the results to be attained 

 by curious ud recondite biographical research ; and his ' Lectures on 

 the Poetry of the Hebrews," which were delivered by him iu the 

 university when he was professor of poetry. These lectures may be 

 said to have opened an uluiost new subject, little attention having be.n 

 previously paid to the laws of Hebrew poetry, or even to the fact that 

 large portions of the books of the Old Testament are poems, iu the 

 strict aud proper sense of the word, though presented to the English 

 reader iu a mere prose version, and aa it' there was no difference between 

 them and the parts of those Scriptures which are really prose. They 

 were received when published with great respect by the learned, not of 

 England only, but of the Continent, where they were reprinted, with 

 a large body of valuable notes, by the learned biblical scholar, J. D. 

 Miuhaclis. These lectures were published by Lowth iu Latin, the 

 language iu which they were delivered, but there is an English trans- 

 lation of them by Dr. Gregory, published iu 1787. In 1778, the year 

 after he was promoted to the bishopric of London, he published a 

 ' Translation of the Prophet Isaiah,' distinguishing the poetical from 

 the parts written in prose, aud exhibiting tho various foruis of Hebrew 

 parallelisms which occur iu that prophet, and which he had explained 

 and illustrated in his lectures. He gave a large body of valuable note-'. 

 These were his greater works ; but he published also an ' Introduction 

 to English Grammar,' which was thought valuable at the time, and 

 was often reprinted, but is now nearly superseded and forgotten. 

 There are also a few poems of his, chiefly in the nature of academical 

 exercises, which in their day were greatly admired. A volume contain- 

 ing memoirs of bis life and writings was published soon after his decease. 



LOYOLA, IGNATIUS, DON luiuo LOPKZ m: REOA.LDE, more gene- 

 rally known under the name of Loyola, was tho youngest child of Don 

 Bertram, lord of Ognez and Loyola, a nobleman of high birth aud 

 distinction iu his province, aud of Marina Sauz de Baldi. He was born 



