SALLK, LA. 



SALTA. 



401 



Kisof Ueariy KnU.li rtjU, in tb. form of a doubi. cro.., and 

 oavbto of a n.w UK! choir with two aide aislea, a space un the east 

 of Ik* eior. and a Udy-ch.pel at UM cart od ; a Unre tranwpt with 

 M aW oo iu nut ki* ; a smaller transept aa>t of the former, with 

 a* awlo oo in ut lid* : a central tower and tpire; a north porch, a 

 it-room, or TMtrr, at the louth end of the eactorn traoiept; 

 and a ehaptar-boiua. The tower and pire were built a 

 'later than the church. The church In 474 feet in extreme 

 ieofU. UM great transept l 2SO feet, the nave from the western door 

 to the organ-ecrwo U * feet. The bright within the vaulting of 

 the na*, choir, and traneepta i 81 feet ; the external height, to the 

 ndr of the roof 115 feet; the height of the spire, which is the 

 MgVtrt in KntVit^. U 404 feet. The cloisters and the cemetery of 

 Ik* tow form anoareof 181 feet, inclosed by a beautiful arcade 

 mimyiticlift in tyle with the church, and connected with the 

 ohapter-bottM, which is a remarkably elegant octagonal chamber with 

 a vaolud roof, supported by a cluttered pillar in tho centre, and 

 tfrpn^l with Mm* curioui sculptures. There a some excellent 

 itMiiiil gUu*. The episcopal palace in the south-eastern angle of the 

 i is a large building of various dates and styles, with an extensive 

 At the north gate, adjoining the city, is the Matrons' college, 

 _1 by Buhop Ward for ten clergymen's widows of the diocese. 

 are two pariah churches and a chapel of ease ; two chapelt for 



Imivpi-tMiente, two for Wesleyan Methodists, and one each for Primi- 

 tive MeUtoduta, Bapti.U, and Roman Catholics. In the close is a 

 Normal school for female teachers, under the superintendence of the 

 bishop and clergy of the diocese. This institution had 60 students in 

 resHence in 1864. The Cathedral Grammar school had 87 scholars in 

 1354. There are also a school for preparing indigent girls of respect- 

 able families for superior service ; two National schools ; aud one 

 Roman Catholic school. In the centre of the city is the market-place, 

 a spaciotM and handsome square. At its south-east corner stands the 

 council-house, a fine building of brick with a stone portico, erected at 

 the expense of the Earl of Radnor. At the south- west corner of the 

 square is the poultry-market, which contains a very handsome hex- 

 agonal crone of the age of Edward III. Among the public buildings 

 are the county jail and bridewell ; a spacious and well conducted 

 infirmary ; the Salisbury and Wiltshire library and reading-rooms, 

 with a museum attached ; the ansembly- and concert-rooms ; the 

 savings bank ; the Wilts and Dorset female penitentiary ; a small 

 theatre; and the Union workhouse, which is part of an ancient 

 monastic establishment. The charities of the city produce a yearly 

 revenue of 50001. Salisbury contains many examples of ancient 

 domestic architecture. The Lent assizes for Wiltshire are held in the 

 city, also quarter and petty sessions, and a manor court-leet. The 

 manufacture of hardware and fine cutlery, particularly scissors, is 

 carried on to some extent ; but the principal traffic consists in the 

 sale of agricultural produce. There are markets, on Tuesday for corn, 

 Saturday for cheese and provisions, and once a fortnight for cattle. 

 Fairs are held on the Monday before April 5th, and on October 22nd. 

 Salisbury is the place of election for the southern division of 

 Wfltahire. 



The ace of Salisbury is hi the province of Canterbury. The diocese 

 includes Dorsetshire and the larger part of Wiltshire, and comprises 

 444 benefices ; it is divided into the archdeaconries of Wilts, Dorset, 

 and Salisbury. The chapter consists of the dean, archdeacons, 

 chancellor, precentor, and five canons. The income of the bishop is 

 fixed at 60001 

 8ALLE, LA. [CARD.] 

 8ALLKE, or SALE. [MAROCCO.] 

 8ALLK8. (AuDK.1 

 8ALLK8-COMTAUX, [Avrrsox.] 

 HALM. As far back as the 10th century, there have been in 

 Germany two counties bearing the name of Salm : the county of 

 Ober-tialm (with the rank of a principality) in the Vosges Mountains, 

 een Alsace and Lorraine, in the circle of the Upper Rhine; and 

 y of Nieder-8alm, in the Ardennes, between the duchy ol 

 Luxemburg and the bishopric of Liege, which subsequently made 

 part of the circle of Burgundy. Of the family of the counts of 

 8 ^ m< , -M W 1 P"" '!* 1 line ". "nlwlivided into several branches, 

 Hn-nch revolution, during which their territories 

 rent annex, d to France, and in the sequel other possessions were 

 Igned them from the secularisations on the east of the Rhine At 

 pr-irt, therfder line is divided into three branches :-Salm-Salm, 

 berg, and Balm-Horatmar. The second line is that oi 

 Md, divided into the two branches of Salm-Reiffer- 

 S^^T^V,^^ Salm-ReUfcrscheidt-Dyck. The sovereign 

 ' ^T.id'^J 1 "' been tnu " ferred to Austria, or to 

 German confederation, in whoso dominions 



IOWICA 1 



posMMiooe are situated. 

 8AIX). [BMciA.J 

 8A L< >X. I BOCCRB 

 NIKI. [TH 

 8AI.OP, Comity of. 



I TK, , i.land in (I,. Indian Ocean, close to the west coart 

 of llindnM.n, >nd inrlnd.d in i|,,. British prcnidrncy of Bombay I 

 iiile to the i,rth of ih island of Bombay, with which it is 

 I by a cauMway which was constructed in 1805, but which is so 



narrow as to be rarely used by carriages. Salsette extends from 

 19 4' to 19 17' N. lat, 72 50' to 73 2' E. long., with an average 

 ength of about 16 miles, and an average breadth of about 10 miles ; 

 ts area is therefore about 160 square miles. 



The island consists for the most part of rocky hills, in some parts 

 of considerable elevation, but covered with underwood to their tops ; 

 n the valleys there are groves of mangoes and palms, and some fine 

 timber-trees. There are tigers in the jungle, and great numbers of 

 monkeys and jungle-fowl. The soil is said to be fertile, but little 

 care is bestowed on its cultivation. An excellent road has been 

 'ormed round the island by the Bombay government. Tannah and 

 Gorabunder ore the only towns. Gorabunder ia little better than a 

 >oor village, but Tannah is a neat and flourishing town on the eastern 

 :oast of the island, chiefly inhabited by descendants of Portuguese 

 and by Hindoos. There is a small but regular fortress, with a con- 

 siderable cantonment of British troops at Tanuah. The hills are 

 uhabited by a wild race of people, who are charcoal-burners, aud 

 lave little or no intercourse with the Hindoos, who inhabit the lower 

 {rounds. 



The chief objects of curiosity in Salaette are the temple caves of 

 Hennery, which resemble those of Elora and Elephauta. They are 

 for the most part small, and are cut in two of the sides of a hill, at 

 different heights and of various forms. Tho largest cave is a Buddhist 

 temple, a rectangle about 50 feet long by 20 feet wide, terminated by 

 a semicircle. The entrance is formed by a lofty portico, over which, 

 but detached and a little to the left, is a high octagonal column, with 

 three lions sculptured on the top, seated back to back. A colossal 

 statue of Buddha, with his hands raised in supplication, is on the 

 east side of the portico. The temple is entered by a large door, 

 above which are three windows contained in a semicircular arch. A 

 colonnade of octagonal pillars surrounds the temple on every side 

 except the entrance. The ceiling of the cavo is a semicircular arch, 

 curiously ornamented with slender ribs of teak- wood, of the same 

 curve as the ceiling, which they seem to support ; this however is not 

 the case. 



Salsette is supposed to contain about 50,000 inhabitants, who are 

 chiefly occupied in fishing, of whom about 10,000 are of Portuguese 

 origin. The Portuguese obtained possession of the island in the 16th 

 century, but it was taken from them by the Mahrattas in 1750, and 

 conquered from the Mahrattas by the British in 1774. 



SALT-RANGE. [AFGHANISTAN.] 



SALTA, the most northern of the provinces of the Argentine Con- 

 federation, South America, extends between 22 and 26 30' S. lat., 

 61 and 68' W. long. It is bounded S. by the province of Tucumau, 

 E. by the Gran Chaco, N. and W. by the republic of Bolivia. The 

 area is about 56,000 square miles; the population is about 60,000. 



The surface, hydrography, &c. of the country are described under 

 ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION. 



It has a great diversity of surface and almost every variety of soil 

 and climate. On the west it includes tho eastern sides of the Andes 

 with the lower offsets of that system. On the north, where it borders 

 on the republic of Bolivia, it includes a portion of the desert table- 

 land of Yavi and the range called Abra de Cortaderas. It compre- 

 hends likewise a portion of the Gran Chaoo ; the Despoblado, whose 

 climate resembles that of Siberia; the. valley of the Guachipas, which 

 in climate and productions represents Europe ; and the Plain of Salta 

 and the valley of the Rio de Jujuy, which in both climate and pro- 

 ductions resembles the West Indies. 



The principal rivers are the Vermejo and the Salado described 

 under ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION. The Vermejo forms the eastern 

 boundary of Salta; it is formed by the junction of the Tarija, 

 and the Jujuy (a stream which belongs wholly to this province), and 

 is navigable for large boats from their confluence about 35 miles below 

 Oran. The head-streams of the Salado rise on the eastern slopes of 

 the Andes in the south-western part of this province. In its upper 

 course the main stream is called the Sileta, and subsequently El 

 Pasage, but it is known as the Salado for some distance before it 

 passes out of Salta. The Salado drains the southern and western 

 half of the province. During the summer season the water is low 

 and the river is easily fordable, but when the rains set in it 

 becomes so much swelled that all the ordinary traffic between Salta 

 and the lower provinces of the Confederation is suspended. The road 

 connecting Salta with Buenos Ayres is noticed under ARGENTINE 

 CONFEDERATION (voL i., col. 473), and the inconveniences which this 

 as well as the other provinces of the interior, suffers from the limited 

 means of transit, and the advantages to be derived from the establish- 

 ment of steam communication on the Paranit, are indicated. 



As already mentioned, the country possesses a remarkable variety 

 of soil, and a climate ranging from extreme heat to the most intense 

 cold, permitting the cultivation of almost every kind of natural pro- 

 duction. But the country is too thinly peopled, the difficulties of 

 transit are too great, and the inhabitants have too little energy and 

 industry to allow the resources of the country to be other than most 

 imperfectly developed, if even the country itself were in a less dis- 

 turbed state. The inhabitants are now chiefly settled in the larger 

 towno, and in the valleys of the lesser affluents of the Vermejo and 

 Salado. The cereals grown are wheat and maize, which are raised in 

 considerable quantities in the valleys of the south, for the supply of 



