

SAN SALVADOR. 



SANDWICH. 



413 



motion of the earth occurred, which in a few seconds level 

 cathedral, churches, university, and every other public building iu the 

 place. Of the private houses a few were left standing, but these were 

 rendered uninhabitable ; and the wells and fountains were either filled 

 or dried up. Many of the inhabitants, as we have said, perished, and 

 of the survivors many fled to other town'. The movements of the 

 earth continued for some time after the fatal night ; and the president 

 of the republic, in his address to the departments calling on them to 

 assist the destitute citizen.*, intimated that measures were to be imme- 

 diately taken for the selection of a better site on which- to rebuild the 

 city ; but we have not heard whether this intention has been carried 

 into effect Some manufactures of iron, especially of cutlery and 

 eoene cotton stuffs, were carried on here ; and some sugar and indigo 

 need to be exported. Sugar-plantations are numerous in t'ie neigh- 

 bourhood, as are also extensive orchards. Mestizoes, or ladinoes, as they 

 are called here, constituted the bulk of the population. Near the city 

 there are some warm and some cold rivulets, which afterwards unite, 

 affording the inhabitants the advantage of having natural bath* of 

 every degree of temperature. 



San Miguel, some distance east of the Rio Lempa, population about 

 7000, i* noted for its fairs, of which the most important is held in 

 November after the indigo crop. 



Sa Vtetnte, on the right bank of the Lempa, contains about 8000 

 inhabitant* in the town and it* suburb*. In its neighbourhood are 

 extensive plantation* of indigo, and near the village of Istepequo 

 excellent tobacco i* grown, which i* known under that name all over 

 Central America. 



Saxla Anna, situated in the wettern part of the state, at a con- 

 siderable elevation above the sea, population about 9000, has in its 

 neighbourhood extensive plantation* of indigo and sugar ; in the 

 mountains near the town are iron-mines, which were formerly 

 profitably work*]. 



&*, n*ar the weitsm extremity of the state, population about 

 8000, carrie. on at preeent considerable commerce by mean* of the 

 port of Acajutla, exporting mgar to Pern and Chili, and rum, Ac,, to 

 California. The Indian* inhabiting the country about the town make 

 very beautiful mat*, which are also exported. In the neighbourhood 

 of SoosonaU i* the Ysalco, a very active volcano. 



The other more populous towns are Aguaehapa, Apastepeque, 

 Cojntapee, Metapa, Saeatecoluoa. Ac. ; but none of them require* 

 farther notion 



San Salvador is a republic with a legislative chamber of 35 deputies, 

 hot the government w really ve.ted in the president The history of 

 San Salvador U similar to that of the other republic* of Central 

 America. I Coer* RICA ; OCATF.UALA ; Honxnu* ; NICARAGUA.] On 

 the formation of the republic of the United State* of Central America, 

 Han Salvador became one of the federal states, and iu capital was 

 made the eat of the federal government: but the union was speedily 

 dissolved, and San Salvador, like the Other state*, became aa inde- 

 pendent republic, and like them it* progrm ha* hitherto been arrested 

 by constant internal discord. 



(Jnarro*. History */ Ommlrmalm ; Haefken*, JUtt 

 mA Ctmtr^l Amtnk . Baily, Ontral Amrica, *e.) 



SAN SALVADOR. [AUBVLVDBU; BABIA; BATAXO.] 



capital of 

 ^i.Ut, 



> Bsy of Bucay. The town i* built on 



a low peninsula, or tongue of land, which i* terminated by a rocky 

 conical hill 400 feet high, and is Banked on the east side by the 

 Htuary of the small river Urnmea, and on the west side by a bay 

 which form* the harbour. The bill is named Monte Urnll or 

 Orgullo, and He summit i* crowned by a fortified castle called La 

 Mota, whence the hill I* eoomooly called H Monte del Castillo. 

 Then are other defence* oa the slope of the hill, and the town lie* 

 at iu southern baa*. The land-front 850 yard* wide, stntebe* quite 

 aero** the peninsula, and i* defended by a solid rampart, strengthened 

 by a Infty rasrn*tsd bastion in the centre, and by a half-moon at 

 each end. In front of the bastion is a horn-work. The narrowest 

 part of the peninsula i* still farther inland, between the born-work 

 and the rocky ridge of San Bartotomeo, at the foot of which i* the 

 euburb of San Martin. The flank* of the town are protected by 

 rampart*, one of which i* waahed by the eta in the harbour, and the 

 ether i* 87 feet above the be) of the Urnmea, in which the tide rise* 

 about four feet A loBg wooden bridge croaet* the Hatoary of the 

 Urumee. 



The town ha* been meetly rebuilt since the two siege* of 1818. 

 The street* are wide and clean, and the houses generally good. 

 I the Plasa Noeva, which i* a handsome square surrounded by 



rare other squares, several churches, and three 

 civil and military hospital*. The population is about 18,000. 

 The harbour U email, but secure, and i* defended by a mole, and 

 by the small rocky island of Santa Clara at the entrance. There i* a 

 good import trade hi English and French goods, and an export trade 



Ml ton *U)Q otcMT ptXXIOCV. 



the battle of Vitoria Wellington despatched Sir Thorn*. 

 I Sebastian, which wa* the* defended by General Key, 

 and whieh had bee* held by the French from the year 1808. General 

 Graham commenced the siege on the 10th of July, 1818, and aesanlted 

 WOO. Mr. vot. tv. 



the town on the night of the 24th, without success, and with the loss of 

 more than 500 killed and wounded. The siege was then suspended 

 for want of ammunition ; but after the defeat of Soult at the foot of 

 the Pyrenees on the 81st of July, the siege was renewed, and con- 

 tinued till the 31st of August, when the place was stormed, and all 

 the defences of the town were carried, but with the enormous loss of 

 upwards of 2500 killed and wounded. The castlo of La Mota held 

 out till the 9th of September. In 1823, when the French invaded 

 Spain, to put down the constitutional government, they succeeded, 

 after several assaults, in getting possession of San Sebastian by 

 capitulation. Afterwards, during the Carlist insurrection in the 

 j northern provinces of Spain, it became the head-quarters of the 

 BritUh auxiliary legion, under General Sir De Lacy Kvans, who, in 

 | the summer of 1336, resisted several attacks of the Carlist-", who 

 | occupied the neighbouring heights. 



In the article BASQUE PROVINCE, Tolosa is stated to be the capital 

 of Qtiipuzcoa, but since that article was written a decree of the 

 Spanish government, dated August 24, 1854, announced that the city 

 of San Sebastian was in future to be the capital of Quipuzcoa, as it 

 had been from 1822 to 1844, when it was deprived of its title of 

 capital, which was then conferred on Tolosa, 

 SAX SEHASTIAO. [BRAZIL.] 

 SAN-SEVERINO. [MACERATA-E-CAJIKRIXO.] 

 SAN-SEVEKO. [CAFITANATA.] 

 SAX TADEO, RIVER. [PATAQOSIX] 

 SAV VINCENTS. [CAPK VERD ISLANDS.] 



SANA is the capital town of tin: province of Yemen iu Arabia, 

 situated in 15 5' N. lat, 44" 5' E. long. Sana, though the chief 

 town of Yemen, is the seat of an independent chief, the Imam of Sana, 

 who exercises authority over a wide district around, and is often 

 opposed to the Egyptian government, which has advanced its frontiers 

 to Beit-el-Fakih, a town in the Jehameh, about midway between Sana 

 and the port of Mokha, on the Red Sea. Sana U pleasantly situated 

 on an elevated table-land, surrounded on three sides by higher moun- 

 tains. The valley thus formed is about nine miles broad, but extending 

 uninterruptedly to the north. The country round about supplies a 

 considerable quantity of coff-e, which at present is transmitted to 

 Mokba on camels ; but the exactions of the Egyptian government are 

 so great, that it has beeu considered likely that the traffic may be 

 turned to Aden, to which port Sana is as near as to Mokha, Coffee 

 forms almost the only export ; the. imports are piece-goods, thread, 

 and twist, Persian tobacco, glass, silks, spices, and sugar. The towu 

 it walled and indifferently fortified. It is about 54 miles in circum- 

 ference, with narrow streets, but with many good houses ; those of 

 the more opulent having windows of stained-glass. The imam has two 

 handsome palaces, both built of hewn-atone snd fortified, in the town, 



. UBVLVDUA; ABIA; ATAXO. 

 SAN SEBASTIAN', a city and sea-port of Spain, and 

 OurmuMoa, one of the Basque Provinces, is situated in 43' 

 2 ' W. long., on the coast of the B.y of Biscay. The town 



and there are about twenty mosques, some very handsome, and many 

 bath* and public fountain*. Aeroa* the principal street a handsome 

 bridge ha* been thrown, a* in rainy seasons a torrent runs down the 

 street, bat occasionally the town is (even yean without rain, and i* 

 much too dry in general to be healthy. The population is estimated 

 at 40,000 ; and of three neighbouring towns in the same valley, Rodah, 

 Wady-Dhar, and Jeraf, the population is at least 30,000 more. In 

 Sana, and probably in the other towns, the principal part of the 

 artisans are Jews, who pay a capitation-tax for permission to reside 

 in the town : they live in a quarter by themselves, and their number 

 is about 8000. (Oeog. Journal, v ,1. viii. ; Jaunty of Mr. J. C. CnU- 

 tauten It Sama, 183d.) 



8ANCERRE. [CHEIU] 



8ANDBACH, Cheshire, a inarknt-town in the parish of Sandbach, 

 is pleasantly situated on an eminence near the right bank of the river 

 Wbeelock, in S3* 8' N. Ut, 21' W. long., distant 25 miles E. by S. 

 from Chester, 182 miles N'.W. from London by road and by the North- 

 Western railway. The population of the town in 1851 was 2752. 

 The living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry and diooese of Chester. 

 The manufacture of shoes is extensively carried on, and there are several 

 silk-throwing mills. The worsted trade has declined. The town U 

 lighted with ga. The parish church, a handsome structure in the 

 perpendicular style, erected about 1400, ha* been in great measure 

 rebuilt. There are two new district churches, chapel* for Wesleyan, 

 Primitive, and Warrenite Methodist*, and Baptist*; National and 

 Infant schools, and a British school The Grammar school, founded 

 in 1577, ha* an income from endowment of about 2001. a year, and 

 had 74 scholars iu 1854. Thursday is the market-day : fair* are held 

 three time* a year. In the market-place are two ancient crones. 



SANDER. ((iAiMA. Austrian.] 



8ANDOATE. [Kr..iT.] 



8ANDIACRE. [DCRBTRHIRE.] 



SANDOMIR. [PmuXB.] 



8AXDOWAY. CARACAS.] 

 -KY. [OHIO] 



SANDWICH, Kent, a cinque-port, market town, and municipal and 

 parliamentary borough, is situated on the right bank of the river 

 Stonr, in 51 16' N. lat, 1' 20' E. long., distant 12 miles E. from 

 Canterbury, 674 mile* E. by S. from London, and 93 miles by the 

 South-Eastern railway. It 1* governed by 4 aldermen and 12 council- 

 lor*, one of whom is mayor; and, iu conjunction with Deal and 

 Wslmer, returns two member* to the Imperial Parliament The 



2 F. 



