-A :.\KA. 



SAVOY. 



462 





8ATTARA. 



SACEKLAXn. 



BAUOUBa [LOIBB, HAUW.] 



8AfLOK.Sr. 



SAl'LIEU. 



8AUMUK. 



HAUNPERS 



8AUVBTBRRE. 



8AUVEUR-LE-VICOMTE. [MASCIIE.] 



SAUX-MAXQEa [PuY-n-DoiiB.] 



SAVANNAH. [OBOBOIA, U.a] 



SAVE, or SAU, RIVER. [AUSTRIA.] 



BAVBNAY. [LoiBB-lNFBBiiuBB.] 



8AVERDUN. [AwoB.] 



SAVKRNE. [KniN, HAS.] 



BAV1GLIANO. [Coxi] 



SAVhiX.vr. [FoBLi.1 



8AVIONAC-LES-EQLISE3. [DouDOOMB.] 



8AVIONY. [LoiB-BT-CHEB.] 

 8AVIXES. [ALMS, HACTBS.] 

 SAVCKNA, n adminitratjve division, province, and town ot t 

 Sardinian Sute. The administrative division contains the provinces 

 of Aequi, Albenga, and Savona. The province of Acqui, which lies 

 north of the Ligurian Apennines, was formerly included in the 

 administrative division of Alessandria. It is described in a separate 

 article. [ACQUt] The rest of the administrative division lies between 

 the Apennines and the Gulf of Genoa ; it was formerly included in 

 the duchy of Genoa, and now forms the provinces of Albenga and 

 Savona. The province of Albenga, the most western part, lies between 

 the province of Savona and the administrative division of Nizza ; it 

 forms the subject of a separate article. [ALBENGA.] 



The area and population of the administrative division and its three 

 provinces are a* follows : 



The province of Savona is bounded N.E. by the province of Genoa, 

 aW. by that of Albenga, S.E. by the Mediterranean, and N.W. by the 

 Apennines. The soil partakes of the general character of the western 

 Riviera of Genoa, and produces abundance of fruit, oil, and wine. 

 The climate is somewhat cold in winter. The Apennines near Savona 

 are lower than the rest of the Ligurian Apennines, being only 1500 

 feet above tho sea. 



The province of Savona is divided into 38 communes. The capital 

 is Savvna, a walled town of 15,500 inhabitants, situated on the sea 

 ooast, about 30 miles S.\V. from Genoa. It is the largest town along 

 the western Riviera between Genoa and Nice. The narrow well-paved 

 street* are frequented by an active busy people. The town carries on 

 considerable trade ; the harbour, which was once good, was partly 

 filled up by the Genoese in 1525-28, through commercial jealousy ; it 

 it still very safe, but only fit for vessels of 200 tons. Savoua was 

 made a bonding port for foreign goods and merchandise of all kinds 

 except tobacco, in 1850. Savona is the residence of many noble and 

 other substantial proprietors of the surrounding country ; it contains 

 some good palaces and several fine churches, among others a cathedral 

 built in 1604, the former cathedral, which had been raised by Pope 

 Julius II., when bishop of Savona, having been destroyed to make 

 room for the citadel. The present cathedral is adorned with valuable 

 paintings and sculptures. Near the cathedral is the Sistine chapel, 

 founded by Pope Siztus IV., uncle of Julius II., as a burial place for 

 hit family. In the Dominican church are an ' Adoration of the Magi,' 

 and another painting by Albert Durer ; and a magnificent ' Nativity ' 

 by Antonio SemiuL The sanctuary of La-Madonna di Savoua, situated 

 5 mile* north-west of the town, among the Apennines on the road to 

 Mondovi in Piedmont, has also some good paintings. Savona is the 

 birth-place of Chiabrera, one of the best Italian lyric poets. His tomb 

 it (can in the church of San-Uiacomo. 



AUnuain, a pretty town on the sea-shore, between Savona and 

 has 8500 inhabitants, and several handsome villas of the 

 nobility. Pope Julius II. was born at Albissola. Noli, a 

 town in a picturesque situation near the sea. Cairo, in the 

 Aproninea. ha> 3400 inhabitants. Near Cairo is the village of 

 Milledmo, famous in the history of Bonaparte's first Italian campaign. 

 in 1766. 



SAVOY (Savoia in Italian, Savoit in French), a country with the 

 title of duchy, which belongs to the Sardinian monarchy. It forms 

 pert of the highlands of the Alps, and is geographically united to 

 outh-western Switzerland, being included in the basin of the Rhdne. 

 8voy extends from 45 4' to 46" 24' N. lat., 5 37' to 7 E. long. The 

 boundaries of Savoy are : on the E. the great chain of the Graian and 

 Pennine Alps, which divide it from Piedmont and the Valais ; N. the 

 Lake; W. the Rhone, which divides it from France; and S. 



an ofcet of the Cottian Alps, which, running, westward from the 

 group of Mont Cenis, divides the valley of Maurienne, the southern- 

 most part of Savoy, from Uauphine. 



Savoy consist* of several valleys formed by offsets of the Alps. It 

 is divided into three basins : the northern basin, the waters of which 

 flow northwards into the Leman Lake ; the central basin, the waters of 

 which flow by means of the Arve, the Fier, and the Lake Bourget 

 westward into the Rhone ; and the southern basin, which is drained by 

 the Isere and its affluents. The Isere runs southward into France. 



Savoy is divided into seven provinces : 1, Chablais, which comprises 

 the southern coast of the Leman Lake and the numerous valleys 

 which slope towards it. The Dranse, which rises in the mountains 

 near the borders of the Valais, is the principal river of Chablais. 2, 

 Faissigny, south of Chablais, consists chiefly of the long valley of the 

 Arve, from its source in the Col-de-Balme to a few miles below Bonne- 

 ville/where the river enters the province of Carouge. The well-known 

 valle'y of Chamouny and the romantic valley of the Giffre, belong to 

 Faissiguy. 8, Genevese, or Annecy, west of Faissigny, consists of the 

 valley of the river Fier, an affluent of the Rh6ne, and the basin of tho 

 Lake of Annecy, the waters of which have their outlet in the Fier, 

 and is bounded north by the canton of Geneva. 4, Alta Savoia, south 

 of Faissigny, consists of the valley of the Arli, an affluent of the Isere, 

 which flows from north to south. 5, Tarantasia or Tareutaise, south 

 of Alta Savoia, consists of the long valley of the Is6re, running from 

 east to west, from its sources at the foot of Mont Iseran to the con- 

 fluence of the Arli. Tarautasia is, next to Faissigny, the most Alpine 

 part of Savoy, and the most interesting to mountain tourists. 6, 

 Moriana, south of Tarantasia, consists of the valley of the Arc. 

 The high road to Italy leads through the whole length of Moriana. 

 7, Chambery, or Savoy proper, the most level and the most fertile part 

 of Savoy, lies west of Moriana and Tarentaise, and south of Geiie- 

 vese. It is divided on the west from France by the Rhone and its 

 affluent the Guier. The waters of Savoy proper find an outlet partly 

 southward by the Iscre, and partly by the Leisse and other streams 

 which run westward into the Lake of Bourget, which lake enters the 

 Rh6ne by a canal called that of Saviere. The Lake of Bourget lies 8 

 miles north-west of Chambe'ry; it is 10 miles long and 3 miles wide, 

 and the surface is 700 feet above the sea. 



The principal towns of Savoy are : 1, CHAMBERY, the capital of 

 Savoy proper, and of the whole duchy. 2, ANNECY, the head town of 

 the province of Genevese. 3, Thonon, which is noticed under CHABLAIS. 



4, Aix-Us-Bains, in Savoy proper, much frequented for its baths. [Aix.] 



5, Rumilly, in the province of Genevese, has 4000 inhabitants. 6, 

 Mowtiers, the capital of Tarentaise, a small town with 2330 inhabit- 

 ants, and a bishop's see, is situated on the Isere. Moutiers has salt- 

 works for purifying the salt which is derived from the neighbouring 

 springs of Salius, and also a school of mineralogy and metallurgy, 

 with three professors, a cabinet of minerals, a library, and a chemical 

 laboratory. The lead-mines of Pesei and Macot, ill the mountains 

 near Moutiers, are worked for the government. The mine of Pesei i.-* 

 situated at an elevation of 4500 feet above the sea, and that of Macot 

 at the height of 6000 feet. The ore is sent to Conflaus, where it is 

 smelted and purified. The mineral springs of La-Perriere, situated in 

 the valley of the Doron, about three miles from Moutiers, are much 

 frequented by invalids from Switzerland and France. The proviuce 

 of Tarentaise has numerous mines of anthracite, which are worked by 

 the country people, and it is rich in marble of various colours. 7, 

 Bourg-St.-Maurice in Upper Tarentaise, on the road leading to Italy 

 by the Little St.-Bernard, is a town of 3300 inhabitants, and carries 

 on considerable trade in cattle. Several large fairs are held here 

 annually. From the village of Scez above Bourg-St.-Maurice, the 

 narrow valley of Tignes leads south-east to the sources of the Isere, 

 at the foot of Mont Iseran, a noble pyramid 13,300 feet high, covered 

 with perpetual snow and surrounded by glaciers. From Scez a road 

 leads in an easterly direction to the pass of the Little St.-Bernard, 

 7192 feet above the sea, and thence into the valley of Aosta. The 

 pass is practicable nearly all the year round, but only for horses and 

 mules. A Roman road constructed by Augustus led formerly from 

 Aosta, or Augusta Pretoria, over the Little St. -Bernard, and down 

 the valley of the Is&re to Vienne on the Rhdne. Traces of this road 

 are still visible in the valley of Aosta, but all vestiges of it have 

 disappeared on the Savoy side. On the summit of the pass is au 

 ancient column of cipoline marble, 15 feet high, which is called 

 ' Colonne de lou,' or of Jove, and near it is a circle of stones probably 

 druidical. Tarentaise was the country of the ancient Centrones, who, 

 with their neighbours the Salassi, long resisted the Roman arms, and 

 were only subjugated in the time of Augustus. A village on the 

 banks of the Isere, above Moutiers, bears the name of Centrone, and 

 a little higher up, in the valley of Aixme, are several ancient Roman 

 inscriptions. 8, the town of St.-Jcan, the chief place in the province of 

 Moriana, has 3000 inhabitants, and a very old cathedral, in which 

 lie buried some of the earlier counts of the house of Savoy. Moriana 

 has mines of iron, copper, and lead. 



The late king Charles Felix began the embankment of the three 

 principal rivers of Savoy, the Arve, the Isere, and the Arc, by which 

 means large tracts of fertile land have been reclaimed. 



The population of the duchy of Savoy in 1848 was 583,812, of 

 whom 152,468 inhabit the province of Savoy proper. The population 



