11 



8KVILI.A. 



SEVILLA. 



. Aleala dt OuaJmra, 1 miles 9.K. from Sevilla, contains 

 an old MoorUi outlc, and has an extensive trade in grain. Popu- 

 lation. 6700. Alytnrtu, in the prorince of Cadiz, a well-built tea- 

 pot* town on the wrrt iide of the Bay of Gibraltar, i* 6 mile* from 

 Gibraltar by water, ami 14 mile* by land round the head of the bay. 

 Tb population in 1845 wai 11,077. The houte* are low, but very 

 clean and white, and the balooniea and lattices of the windows, painted 

 MSB, hare a very pretty effect The town contains a military hos- 

 pital of the first claw, and is defended by a battery called the Fuerte 

 de Santiago. Ault^uen, 45 miles W.S.W. from the city of Granada, 

 to which province it belong*, is situated near the eastern boundary of 

 the province of Sevilla. It stands in a fine plain, near the south bank 

 of the Ouadaljoroe, and contains six churches and several charitable 

 institution., and had in 1845 a population of 17,030. It is chiefly an 

 agricultural town, but has manufactures of baize, paper, silk, and 

 cotton. Aracata, in the province of Huelva, 60 miles N.W. from 

 Sevilla, lies in a hollow among mountains. An eminence crowned by 

 a mined castle overlooks the town on the south, woody slopes 

 overhang it on all aides, and the craggy ridges of the Sierra Mortma 

 rise high above at no great distance. The town is remarkably clean, 

 and contains three churches. The population in 1845 was 4370. 

 AyamoHte, in the province of Huelva, 27 miles W. by S. from Huelva, 

 in situated ou the slope of a lofty hill, at the point where the river 

 Goadiana enters the ses. It is a fortified town, opposite to Castro- 

 Marin in Portugal. It contains two churches, and had in 1845 a popu- 

 lation of 6500. It has a small fishing port, and boa some manufactures 

 of soap and coarse enrthenware. 



Coda is the capital of the province of Cadiz. [CADIZ.] 

 Cannons, in the province of Sevilla, 16 miles E.N.K. from the city, 

 occupies the brow of a lofty hill overlooking a wide and uncul- 

 tivated plain. It is inclosed by old Moorish walls, which, on the 

 eastern side especially, are flanked by numerous square towers of 

 exceedingly massive structure. It contains a ruined fortress and a 

 church with a remarkable tower; and had in 1845 a population of 

 13,072. In the time of the Moors thia town was considered the key 

 of Serilla, and sustained a long siege previous to the capture of that city 

 by the Christians. Conslantina, in the province of Sevilla, 40 miles 

 N.X.W. from the city, half encircles a steep isolated eminence, on which 

 the castle is erected. The town consists mainly of one long street, 

 and contained in 1845 a population of 6986. During the Peninsular 

 War the castle was repaired and strengthened by the French, and was 

 held by them aa an important post in the line of communication 

 between Andalucia and Estremadura. Ecija, in the province of 

 Scvilla, 45 miles E. by N. from the city, stands on the left bank of 

 the Jenil, on the high road from Cordova to Sevilla, in a fine plain, 

 which produces abundance of corn and olives. The town contains 

 several churches and hospitals, and has a beautiful alameda (public 

 walk) on the bank of the Jenil, planted with trees and adorned with 

 fountains and statues. There are manufactures of coarse woollens, 

 linens, and leather. The population in 1845 was 28,370. It was named 

 Colonia Augusta Firma by the Romans, and several Roman inscriptions 

 and other antiquities have been found. I/uelra, capital of the pro- 

 vince of Huelva, 65 miles W. by S. from Sevilla, occupies the lower 

 part of a declivity at the mouth of the Rio Odiel, and at the head of 

 shallow actuary formed by the discharge of the Rio Odiel and Rio 

 Tinto into the Atlantic Ocean. The population in 1845 was 7173. 

 Jrrti, the modern Spanish spelling of Xerei. Manzanilla, in the pro- 

 vince of Huelva, 30 miles W. from Sevilla, is situated in a plain which 

 produces abundance of wheat, maize, and olives. Population, 2038. 

 Mogutr, in the province of Huelva, 12 miles K. from that town, stands 

 on the left bank of the Rio Tinto, on the slope of a ridge which bounds 

 the valley on the south. The town consists of a few long streets 

 diverging from a common centre, and it has a small port. The 

 population in 1845 was 6592. The old Franciscan convent in which 

 Columbus was hospitably entertained and assisted by the prior in 1484, 

 is preserved as a national monument From 8000 to 4 000 butts of wine 

 are produced in the district and shipped to Xeres to be used in the 

 manufacture of sherry. Otuna, in the province of Sevilla, 40 miles E.S.E. 

 from the city, stands on the declivity of a hill crowned by a castle. 

 It is a handsome town of semicircular form, containing 3 or 4 churches, 

 4 hospitals, 2 barracks, and a population of 17,556. It had a university 

 which was abolished in 1824. There are some fine promenades in the 

 vicinity. The extensive plain in front of the town is exceedingly 

 fertile, and produces large quantities of grain, chiefly barley, olives, 

 almonds, capers, the esparto rush, and some inferior wine. Polos, in 

 the province of Huelva, 10 miles K from Huelva, a suiall town with 

 a small port on the tmtuary of the Rio Tinto, is distinguished as the 

 place whence Columbus sailed on his first voyage of discovery, Aug. 3, 

 1492. The town contains about 1000 inhabitants. Puerto de Santa 

 Maria, commonly called El Puerto (the Port), in the province of 

 Cadiz, 6 miles N.E. from that city, is a large seaport-town, at the 

 mouth of the Rio Guadalete, just outside the Bay of Cadiz. The 

 mouth of the river forms the harbour, and a bar at the mouth prevents 

 the entrance of huge vessels. The Calle Larga is a handsome street 

 about a mile in length, but the rest of the streets are narrow and 

 badly paved. The population in 1845 was 17,980. Steamers ply 

 regularly between this port and Cadiz, and it supplies Cadiz with 

 most of the water required for drinking. The Bodegas, or wine-stores, 



are lofty buildings with very thick walls, lit by narrow apertures- 

 i The thickness of the walls is in order to secure an even temperature 

 for the wines, which are stored in long ranges of casks piled over each 

 other tier above tier. Puerto Real, in the province of Cadiz, 5 miles 

 E. from that city, is a 'clean seaport-town of well-built houses with 

 flat roofs. It has a spacious market-place surrounded by stone arcades. 

 It has a small port in the Bay of Cadiz, with a good pier and wharfs. 

 It bos manufactures of leather, and exports salt Population, 3871. San 

 Lucar de Barrameda, in the province of Cadiz, 15 miles N. from that 

 city, is a seaport-town at the mouth of the Guadalquivir, on the 

 southern shore. The town stands on a narrow flat bordering the 

 river, and partly on a rising bank which overlooks it, the houses of 

 the upper town rising above each other in terraces, and presenting a 

 very picturesque appearance. An old Moorish castle crowns the brow 

 of the hill. It contains 3 churches, 4 hospitals, and the buildings of 

 several suppressed monasteries. The population is about 17,000. 

 San Lucar exports wiue, brandy, oil, and fruits, but its commerce 

 is very small compared with what it was formerly. Tarifa, in 

 the province of Cadiz, 55 miles S.E. from that city, stands on the 

 most southern point of Spain, on the Strait of Gibraltar. It is 

 divided by a ravine traversed by a periodical torrent, which entering 

 from the east passes out at the west end. The town is surrounded 

 by walls, and the houses are strongly built, standing on terraces \\hirli 

 rise above each other from each side of the ravine. Where (lie 

 torrent passes out two massive structures form part of the walla, 

 whence a sandy neck of land, and then a causeway, joins the town to 

 an island, or rather promontory, about 2000 yards iu circumference, 

 with perpendicular sides. The town is also defended by an old castle, 

 and has barracks, storehouses, tanneries, potteries, and a profitable 

 anchovy fishery. The population in 1845 was 8116. It was 

 successfully defended by the British against an assault of the 

 French troops under Victor and Laval, Dec. SO, 1811. Utrera, in the 

 province of Sevilla, 18 miles S.S.E. from the city, a large and thriving 

 town, principally inhabited by the wealthy landed proprietors and 

 farmers, who cultivate the extensive corn-lands of the plains of 

 Sevilla, and also manage the rich salt-marshes near the mouth of the 

 Guadalquivir. These marshes feed great numbers of cattle, including 

 the fine bulls for which Andalucia is celebrated. The town stands 

 around a fortified inclosure, and has a Moorish castle. The streets 

 are wide, and are kept clean by running streams. It contains a towu- 

 ball, covered market, prison, hospitals, and some remarkable churches. 

 It has manufactures of soap and leather. The population in 1845 

 was 12,71 2. Xeres (Jeres) de la Prontera, in the province of Cadiz, 

 7 miles N.N.E. from Puerto de Santa Maria, and 11 miles E. by S. 

 from San Lucar, is the town whence, by a corrupt pronunciation, the 

 name Sherry is derived. The town is situated on an eminence about 

 2 miles north from the Guadalete. The streets of the old part of the 

 town are narrow, ill-paved, and filthy; the modern port is tolerably 

 well built It contains 8 churches, one of which is collegiate, and 

 4 hospitals. It has an old fort, and there are remains of an old wall. 

 The population in 1845 was 33,104. The finest Spanish wiue is pro- 

 duced in the neighbourhood of Xeres. The bodegas, or wine stores, 

 are similar to those at Puerto de Santa Maria. The annual produce 

 of the Xeres district, together wilh those of Puerto de Santa Maria 

 and San Lucar, is about 95,000 butts, or about 10,000,000 gallons. 



SEVILLA (written Seville by the English), a city of Spain, capital 

 of the territorial division of Andalucia, of the ancient province of 

 Sevilla, and of the modern province of the same name, is situated in 

 37 22' N. lat, 5 48' W. long., on the east bank of the Guadalquivir, 

 70 miles N.N.E. from Cadiz. The river is here crossed by a bridge of 

 boats connecting the city with the suburb of Triana, and is navigable 

 thus far for vessels of 100 tons burden, but ships drawing more than 

 1 feet of water load and unload 8 miles lower down. Sevilla is the 

 see of an archbishop, the residence of a captain-general, and the seat 

 of a criminal court of justice. The population in 1845 was 84,927. 



Sevilla is surrounded by Moorish walls, which are llunked by 

 numerous towers, and have many gates. The form is circular, and 

 the area is about five miles. The walls are constructed of tapia, a sort 

 of concrete made of mortar, rubble, and stones, put moist in woodeu 

 frames, where it consolidates into a block fit for building, and become* 

 by length of time excessively hard. The portion near the Cordova 

 Gate affords the most perfect specimen in Spain. Walls of tapia are 

 still constructed in the ancient manner both in Andalucia and Barbary. 

 The streets are for the most part exceedingly narrow, a labyrinth of 

 lanes hardly wide enough to allow the passage of a siugle carriage. 

 More than half of the city is of Moorish construction, and the best 

 houses are still those built by the Moors or on their models. They 

 have generally a large paved court ornamented with fountains and 

 flowers, and surrounded by columns supporting galleries and rooms 

 above. It is usual for the family to inhabit the ground-floor in sum- 

 mer, and the upper stories in winter. In summer a large canvass 

 awning is drawn over the court by day, and beneath this shade the 

 family usually sit and receive visitors. Of late years several now 

 streets have been laid out in straight lines and with handsome modern 

 houses. The Alameda Vieja, the old public walk, planted with trees, 

 and decorated, with fountains and statues, is a spacious promenade at 

 the north-west angle of the city. It is now however comparatively 

 deserted for the beautiful walks called Las Delicias, formed on the 





