SLANE, 



iababiunu to k**p Uw** in. The houiwa of Skyro* are flat-roofed, 

 if l*o ttoriM, the lowr of stone, the upper of wood, turmouutd by 

 UmoM cureJ with earth. Thi* bill wu the lit* of the ancient 

 Acropolis; til* remains of Hellenic wall* and toweri itill exist on the 

 bill and iu alop* toward* the town. The greater |rt of the aucient 

 eito lay to th* east, new the sea. In thi* direction there is a large 

 imiinir nlir button almost entire. In the neighbourhood of St 

 Goorv* i* a plain four square mile* in extent, which bears com, 

 grapes, and fig*. There is another at KalamiUa, which is also fertile. 

 Otiwr producU of the island are excellent wheat, madder, wine, 

 hooey, wax, orange*, and lemons. There are a few oxeu, and about 

 15,000 head of sheep and goat*. Feluccas and other vessels are built 

 of mountain pin*. Oak-timber is used for fire-wood. Tbe inhabit- 

 ant* of Skyro* an good seamen. 

 SLANK. IMlAtH.] 



SLAVE IUYEK aud LAKE. [HUDSON'S BAY TsBniroRiES.] 

 SLA VON I A. [CROATIA.] 

 SLAW.KOW. [POLAND.} 



SLEAKUKD, Lincolnshire, a market-town and the seat of a Poor- 

 Law Union, iu the pariah of New Sleaford, is situated on the little 

 river Slea or Sleaford, in 53 0' N. lat,, 23' W. long., distant 18 

 miles 8. by E. from Lincoln, and 115 miles N. by W. from London. 

 The population of the town of Sloaford in 1851 was 3729. The living 

 U a Tiearage in tbe archdeaconry and diocese of Lincoln. Sleaford 

 Poor-Law Union contains 56 parishes and townships, with an area of 

 127,867 acres, and a population in 1851 of 24,412. 



The town has received the name of New Sleaford to distinguish it 

 from the adjacent village of Old Sleaford. The bishops of Lincoln 

 bad once a castle here. The church is a spacious cruciform building, 

 with a tower of early English style, surmounted with a spire of later 

 date, 144 feet high. There are chapels for Independents aud other 

 Dissenters ; a Grammar school founded in 1604, which had 26 scholars 

 in 1854 ; National schools, partly endowed ; aud a savings bank. The 

 town-ball it a modern building. Quarter sessions ami a county court 

 are hel 1 in the town. Monday is tbe market-day ; fairs are held on 

 Plough Monday, Easter Monday, Whit-Monday, August llth, and 

 October 20th. 



8LESWICK. [SCHLESWIU.] 



SLIQO, a maritime county in the province of Conuauglit, Ireland, 

 is bounded N. by the Atlantic Ocean and Donegal Bay ; E. by the 

 counties of Leitrim and Boscominon ; S. by Roscommon and Mayo ; 

 and W. by Mayo. It lies between 53 63' and 54 26' N lat., 8' 3' 

 and 9 1' W. long. Its greatest length from east to west is 41 miles, 

 and from north to south 38 miles. The area is 721 square miles, or 

 461,753 acres, of which 290,696 acres are arable, 151,723 acres uncul- 

 tivated, 6134 acres in plantations, 460 acres iu towns, and 12,740 acres 

 under water. The population in 1851 was 128,510. 



Coatt-Luie and lilaiuh. Tbe coast has an irregular outline, forming 

 several bays and natural harbours. Except in Sligo Bay and along 

 the coast eastward from it the shore is rocky. Off that part of the 

 coast which extends north-eastward from Sligo Bay, distant between 

 three and four miles, is Innismurray, a small island, about a mile long 

 from east to west, which rises precipitously on every side except just 

 at the east point. It contains about 209 acres of cultivable land, 

 chiefly pasturage, and is inhabited by about a score of families. Two 

 or three miles farther out to sea are the Boabinshy rocks. Sligo Bay 

 is nearly six miles across at the entrance, and about 10 miles deep to 

 the town of Sligo. On the south-west side of the entrance is Aughris 

 Head, and on the north-east side is Koskeeragh Point. The bay is 

 divided by projecting headlands into three smaller bays. The middle 

 bay is that which leads to the town of Sligo ; it is in great part occu- 

 pied by a large bank called Cummeen Strand, but has a channel 

 navigable to the town for vessels drawing 13 feet of water. In this 

 bay are Covey Island, which forms a natural breakwater, and Oyster 

 Inland, on which are two lighthouses. There are extensive sands or 

 other strands in Killala and Sligo bays, and along the coast eastward 

 of Sligo Bay. 



Surface, Hydrography, and Communications. From the western 

 boundary an extensive plain stretches eastward, narrowing as it 

 approaches Ballysadere Harbour. From the coast it rises gradually 

 to the bate of the Slieve Oamph and Ox Mountains, the two parallel 

 divisions of a range 25 miles long by 5 or 6 miles broad which runs in 

 a south-easterly direction from tbe bead of Ballysadere Bay to Foxford 

 in Mayo. Tbe height of the range within tbe county varies from 600 

 to nearly 1800 feet On the north-west side the hills rise into steep 

 rocky pealu, with intervening ravines of no great depth. Ou the 

 south-east side the ascent is more gradual and less rocky, and the 

 streams are more abundant Along this side of the range the surface 

 between the Mayo and Leitrim boundaries exhibits a succession of 

 valleys and hilly or undulating tracts, with occasional heights of 

 from 300 to 700 feet North from the Curlew Hills, which rise 863 

 feet on the Roscommon border, Carrowkocl Mountain has an elevation 

 of 1062 feet: and Keshcorran, a little to the west of it, is 1183 feet 

 high. The Braughlieve Mountains, which belong also to Roscommon 

 and Leitrim, have an altitude iu this county of 1183 feet The town 

 of Sligo stands in ad extensive plain, which spreads eastward to the 

 border of Leitrim, an<( northward to the shores of Donegal Bay. 

 Slieve Dacane, 900 feet high, aud Slish Mountain, a height of 967 feet, 



SLIGO. 638 



bound this plain on the south. About five miles north from Sligo the 

 plsin is broken by Truskmore, King's Mountain, and lienbulbeu, three 

 heights which form part of a range that comes in from Leitriui and 

 Fermanagh. Benbulbuti, with an elevation of 1722 feet, has a gradual 

 aaceut on the south side, but tbe north side is nearly perpendicular. 

 Knock narea, a hill of similar form, with its steep side to the \\.--t, 

 rises on tbe north-east shore of Ballysadere Bay to the height of 

 1078 feet. 



The lakes of the county are mostly small, and the greater number 

 belong partly to Leitriui and Roscommon. Lough Gill, tbe largest 

 and most beautiful, extends nearly six miles eastward from the neigh- 

 bourhood of Sligo to a point just within the county of Leitrim. It 

 has an extreme width of two miles, and is 20 feet above the level of 

 the sea at low water. Lough Arrow and Lough Gara, tbe latter 

 chiefly, and the former nearly all within the county, on the border of 

 Roscommon, are nearly as large as Lough Gill ; both arc studded with 

 islands, and remarkable for their picturesque scenery. Lough Easky 

 and Lough Talt lie in the valley that separates the Slieve Gamph and 

 the Ox Mountains. 



Tbe navigable waters of the county are the sestuary of the Moy in 

 Killala Bay, and the actuaries of the Oweumore and Garrogue iu the 

 Bay of Sligo. The Moy is navigable to Ballina, and forms the boundary 

 of the county from a point turee miles above Ballina. The Oweu- 

 garrow, one of its two principal branches, has its sources within the 

 county, in the Ox and Curlew Mountains, aud flowing in a south- 

 westerly direction, contributes its waters to the main stream at 

 Foxford. The Easky drains Lough Easky, collects several mouutaiu 

 streams in its course, and runs northward through the town of Easky 

 into the Atlantic, which also receives from this part of tbe coast tbe 

 Fiunid, the Baliybeg, aud tbe Dunueill. Tbe Arrow, or Uucion. has 

 its source iu Lougb Arrow, and flows northward to the head of Bally- 

 sadere Bay, falling over shelving rocks, and forming an imposing 

 cataract near the termination of its course. The Owenmore rises 

 among the Curlew and Kesbcorran Mountains, and pursues a winding 

 course northwards, through Templehouse Lougb, joining the Arrow 

 about two miles from its embouchure. About three miles higher, the 

 Owenmore is entered by the Owenbeg, which flows from the Ox Moun- 

 tains, eastward through the town of Coolaney. Lough Gill, which is 

 fed by the Bonnet River from Leitrim, is drained by the Garrogue, 

 which has a course of about three miles through the town of Sligo 

 into the head of the bay. The Drumcliffe and the Duff or Buuroes, 

 with other small streams, drain the district north from Sligo, the Dull' 

 entering Donegal Bay at the Leitrim boundary. 



The principal roads are tbe mail-road from Dublin to Sligo, with a 

 branch mail-road to Ballina and Castlebar ; aud the mail-road from 

 Sligo to Ballyshannon (county of Donegal), from which plaee it con- 

 tinues to Donegal and Londonderry, with a branch-road to Euuiskilleu. 

 Tbe Ox Mountains are traversed by several passes ; that through which 

 the Dublin and Sligo mail-road runs presents some very picturesque 

 scenery. Tbe inland traffic to and from Sligo is of very considerable 

 amount. In the parts about Sligo Bay produce is carried to market 

 by water. 



Geology, Mineralogy, ttc. The Ox Mountains consist chiefly of mica- 

 slate, with occasionally granite, hornblende-slate, gneiss, and quartz- 

 rock ; the strata dip rapidly towards the south. The mica-slate extends 

 eastward across the Owenmore River, and along the south side of Lough 

 Gill, by Slieve Dacane and Slish Mountain, into the county of Leitrim, 

 forming a range which may be regarded as a prolongation of the Ox 

 Mountains. At the base of tbe Ox Mountains, on both sides, tbe old 

 red-sandstone and conglomerate are observed skirting the primary 

 rocks, and sinking below the carboniferous limestone, which occupies 

 tbe lower lands extending on one side to the sea and on tbe other to 

 the Curlew and other mountains on the border of Roscommou. The 

 Braughlieve Mountains belong to the carboniferous group, and the 

 Curlew Mountains to the old red-sandstone group. [KoscoMUON, 

 County of.] The old red-sandstone also constitutes the headland ou 

 the north-eastern side of the entrance of Sligo Bay. Tbe rest of tbe 

 county is occupied by the formations of tbe carboniferous limestone 

 group. Yellow-sandstone, tbe lowest member of tbe group, forms a 

 considerable area in the northern extremity of the county, aud appears 

 in the ridge of mountains on the west side of Lougb Gara. Tbe lower 

 limestone, tbe member next above the yellow-standstone, is found at 

 the base of tbe Curlew Mountains, near Lough Arrow, and yields gray 

 and dove-coloured marble. The mountains ou the north-eastern 

 border of tbe county are formed of the middle or calp-limestone, and 

 of the upper limestone, which in Mount Beubulbeu forms a bed 600 

 feet thick. This county and the adjacent one of Mayo are traversed* 

 by trap-dykes unexampled for length, directness, and parallelism. 

 Their direction is nearly east and west. Trachyte, a formation not 

 observed elsewhere in the British Isles, is found on the shore of 

 Killala Bay. 



Copper- and lead-mines were formerly wrought in the Ox Moun- 

 tains, and iron-ore in tbe mountain of Kilmadey. Iron-ore appears 

 along several streams. Garnets are found near Lough Easky, and 

 asbestos to tbe eastward. Manganese has been met with in the moun- 

 tains south-west from Lough Gill, and brick-clay, suitable for the 

 manufacture of coarse pottery, near Lough Gill on the Sligo and 

 Balliutogher road. 



