8TKATFOKD. 



RTROUD. 



!. II 



foundry. ingr rnfinrrirfi, a luiuflr-uiauufactory, &c- There 

 i* i nulitoblii trade i-irrie 1 on with oilier parts of France, and 

 with Holland, Germany, Swita ibunt, ant) Italy, by means of the 

 Rhine an 1 UM 111 ami their connected navigation, and by railroads ; 

 much businea* ia dona also in corn, wine, tobacco, madder, hemp, 

 hops, saffron, ic. Four important yearly fairs are hold. Steamers 

 ply on iho Ithiue between Strasbourg and Mayenoe. 



Strasbourg gives title to a bishop, who is suffragan of the archbishop 

 of Besincoo, and whose diocese comprises the department* of Bas-Iluiu 

 and Uaot-ltbin. It has a univenity-acadeuiy, which includes the same 



-partmenU in it* limit*. There are two seminaries for the 

 lioman Catholic priesthood; a sminary of Lutheran theology; a 

 college; schools of midwifery and pharmacy; a training school, a 

 museum, an observatory, botanic garden, where lectures ore delivered ; 

 a society of agriculture, and public baths. Strasbourg ia the seat of 

 a Lutheran consistory, and of a consistorial synagogue. 



|KKX.] 



STItATKiiUll, KKSNV. [I!n KIN.IIIAJISIHRE.] 



v STONY, Buckinghamshire, a market-town, in the 

 parish of Stony Stratford, is situated on the right bank of the river 

 Otis*, which hero separates the county from Northamptonshire, in 

 SS' 3' N. lat., 51' W. long., distant 7 miles N.E. from Buckingham, 

 and 52 niil<-s N.W. from London by road. The population was 1767 



I. The living is a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of 

 Buckingham and diocese of Oxford. The town extends for about a 

 mile along the line of the ancient Watliug-street. St. Giles's, the 

 parish church, was rebuilt in 1776; the church of St. Mary Magdalen 

 was dntrorr.l, except the tower, in 1742, in a fire which consumed 

 a considerable part of the town. The Wesleyan Methodists, lade- 

 pendents, and liaptiats have places of worship. A school for boys is 

 partly gupported by endowment. The only manufacture is that of 

 lace. The market is held on Friday : fairs are held three times in 

 the year. 



.-TllATFOHD UPON-AVON, Warwickshire, a municipal borough, 

 market-town, ami the seat of a Poor-Law Union, in the parish of 

 Mratford-upou-Avon, is situated on the right bank of the river Avon, 

 in 52' 12' N. bit, 1 43' \V. long., 9 miles S.W. from Warwick, 96 

 miles N.\V. from London by road, and 106 miles by the Great Western 

 railway, and the Stratford branch of the Oxford Worcester and Wol- 

 verhainpton railway. The population of the town in 1851 was 3372. 

 The borough is governed by 4 aldermen and 12 councillors, ono of 

 whom is mayor. The living is a vicarage in the archdeaconry and 

 diocese of Worcester. Ktratford-upon-Avon Poor-Law Union contains 

 36 parishes and townships, with an area of 79,051 acres, and a popula- 

 tion of 20,789 in 1851. 



Stratford was a place of some consequence three centuries before 

 the Conquest. The manor was included in the possessions of the 

 Ushopric of Worcester. The principal interest of the town, is derived 

 from its having been the birth-place of Shakspere (1564), the place to 

 which he n-tired in his uiaturer years, and where, in 1616, he died. 

 In 1769 a festival termed 'the Jubilee' was celebrated at Stratford, 

 in honour of Shakspere, under the direction of Garrick ; and a few 

 years ago it wan proposed to hold a triennial commemorative festival, 

 but the eerii-H has not been kept up. 



The town is approached from London by a long stone bridge of 

 H pointed nrches, erected in the rei^n of Henry VII. at the sole 

 < hir -e of Sir Hugh Clopton, lord mayor of London, and widened of 

 late years. By another bridge just below, a railroad is carried across 

 the river, nd at the south end of the town is a wooden foot-bridge. 

 The streets are irregularly laid out, but the principal ones are clean, 

 well paved, and lighted with gas. The church is at the south-eastern 

 corner of the town, near the bank of the river. It is a large and very 

 handsome cruciform structure, having nave, chancel, aisles, and tran- 

 sept, with a fins tower and spire. The transept, tower, and some 

 part* of the nave are good examples of early English. The upper 

 part of the tower i of decorated character, with curious circular 

 windows, having varied tracery. The chancel is a fine specimen of 

 la to perpendicular. In the interior, on the north wall of the chancel, 

 it Sbskipere's monument. About 1840 the church was thoroughly 

 repaired and restored, both externally and internally, at great expense 

 and with much tato. There are several ancient sedilia with canopies 

 in the interior, and two elegant modern carved stone pulpits. The 

 remains of Shakspere are buried in the chancel, on the north side. 

 The monument against the wall is surmounted by a half-length efOgy 

 of .Shalupere, executed with some taste and skill. Stratford church 

 was formerly collegiate. 



Beside, the parish church there is a chapel of ease, anciently the 

 chapel belonging to the Guild of the Holy Cross. Some time after 

 ition of monastic institutions, the possessions of this frater- 

 nity were granted to the corporation of Stratford for specific purposes. 



IM chapel is of late |>erpcndicular character. Adjoining the chapel 

 u the hall of the guild, an ancient building, which has undergone 

 much Iteration. The lower part is used for the business of the cor- 

 IKtnUon, the upper part i. occupied by the Grammar echool. The 

 Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, Independents, Baptists, and 

 Roman Catholics have places of worship. There are National and 

 IJnUsh schools. The Free Grammar school, founded in 1482 (and in 

 which according to tradition .Shakspere was educated), has an income 



from endowment of 545i, and hod 50 scholars in 1851. There are 

 several town chai-itica which are managed by 12 trustees; also n 

 savings bank. A county court is held in the town. In the principal 

 room of the town-hall are a portrait of Shakspere by Benjamin 

 Wilson, and one of Garrick by Gainsborough. A statue of Shakspere 

 stands in a niche on the northern front of the building. There a a 

 theatre which stands within the precincts of Shakspere's garden. 



The occupations of the inhabitants of Stratford are chiefly agri- 

 cultural, or dependent upon agriculture. The market, a considerable 

 one for corn and cattle, U held on Friday. Eleven fairs are held in 

 the year. The navigation of the Avon commences at Stratford. The 

 Stratford-upon-Avon canal runs from the north side of the town to 

 the Worcester and Birmingham Canal near Birmingham. TheStr.i'- 

 ford and Moreton goods railway extends from near the termination of 

 the canal to near the town of Moreton-in-Mai-sh, Gloucestershire, 

 16 miles. Coal from the South Staffordshire coal-field is sent forward 

 by it, and stone and agricultural produce are brought back. Part of 

 the ancient house, in which Shakspere is said to have been born, and 

 which belonged to him at his death, is standing in Henley-street, on 

 the north side of the town. A room in it, pointed out as the chamber 

 of bis birth, ia covered with the names of visitors. This house and 

 the adjoining tenements which originally formed part of it, were pur- 

 chased a few years ago for the nation at a cost of about 4000/. Among 

 the other note-worthy objects in Stratford and its vicinity are a curious 

 old half-timber house in the High-street ; the cottage of Anno Hath- 

 away, Shaksperc's wife, in the adjoining parish of Shottery ; and 

 Charlecote house, the seat of the Lucys, a few miles higher up the 

 Avon. 



STRATHAVEN. [LANARKSHIRE.] 



STRATHFIELDSAYE. [HAMPSHIRE.] 



STRATHMIQLO. [FIFESHIRE.] 



STRATTON, Cornwall, a market-town and the seat of a Poor-Law 

 Union, in the parish of Stratton, is situated near the shore of the 

 Bristol Channel, in 50 50' N. lat., 4 30' W. long., distant 15 miles 

 N.N.W. from Launceston, and 221 miles W.S.W. from London. The 

 population of the parish of Stratton in 1851 was 1696, of which num- 

 ber the town contained about one-fourth. The living is a vicar;i'4i' in 

 the archdeaconry of Cornwall and diocese of Exeter. Stratton Poor- 

 Law Union contains 11 parishes and townships, with an urea of 54,406 

 acres, and a population in 1351 of 85SO. Stratton is situated near the 

 northern extremity of the county, on a rivulet which runs into the 

 sea at Bude Haven. The harbour at Bude admits only small vessels. 

 [CORNWALL.] 



STRAUBING, a town in Lower Bavaria, is situated in 48 53' 

 N. liit., 11" 35' E. long., on an eminence on the right bank of the 

 Danube, 2u miles E. by S. from Ratisbon, and has about 9000 inhabit- 

 ants. The town, which is well built, is divided into the upper and 

 lower town, and is surrounded with walls, in which there are foul- 

 principal gates. The moat is converted into gardens. The principal 

 public buildings are the seven churches, the palace, the government- 

 house, the gymnasium, and the town-house. There are four hospitals, 

 a training-school, and an Urauliue convent. The handsomest part of 

 the town is the great square, iu which are the church of the Holy 

 Trinity, the palace, the town-house, the goverument-house, and the 

 church of St. James and St. Veit. This town has a good trade on the 

 Danube, and great com and cattle markets. The surrounding country 

 is remarkably fertile. 



STREATHAM. [SURREY.] 



STREL1TZ. [MECKLENBURG.] 



STRETFORD. [LANCASHIRE.] 



STRETTON, CHURCH. [CaUBOH STRETION.] 



STRICKEN. [ABERDEENSUIRK.] 



STROKESTOWN, Roscommon, Ireland, a market-town and the 

 seat of a Poor-Law Union, is situated on the road from Dublin to 

 Ballina, in 53 47' N. lat, 8 4' W. long., distant by road 12 miles 

 N.N.E. from the town of Roscotnmon, and 90 miles N.W. by W. from 

 Dublin. The population in 1851 was 1353. Strokestown Poor-Law 

 Union comprises 20 electoral divisions, with an area of 90,036 acres, 

 and a population in 1851 of 30,288. The parish church is a handsome 

 octagonal structure with a tower and spire. There is a Roman Catho- 

 lic chapel. The other public buildings are a court-house, a dispensary, 

 a Union workhouse, and a bridewell. The market is held weekly on 

 Friday. Fairs are held four times a year. Quarter and petty i-e.-sious 

 are held iu the town. Bawn House, the seat of Lord Jlai-tlai 

 massive edifice consisting of a centre with an Ionic portico and advancing 

 wings. Near it are the ruins of an ancient church, now used u , a 

 family burial-place. The demesne contains an extensive doer-park. 



STROMA. [CAITHNESS-SHIRE.] 



STROMBOLI. [LirARi ISLANDS.] 



STROMNESS. [ORKNEY ISLANDS.] 



STRONGOLI. [CALABRIA.] 



STRONSA. [ORKNEY ISLANDS.] 



STRONSTED. [SWEDEN.] 



STROOD. [KENT.] 



STROUD, Gloucestershire, a market-town, parliamentary borough, 

 and the seat of a Poor-Law Union, in the parish of Stroud, is situated 

 in a picturesque valley at the junction of two of the streams which 

 form the Stroud Water (sometimes called the Frome), in 01 45' 



