TAR 

 wen known to tha Or.iis in very early time*. (Herod, ii. 32, 150; 



*Tb* ItHttr SyriU i* reujarkablo for the great variation* of its tides, 

 in oooMqoeuM of the east wiudx, to which it lies open. The hike ; 

 frimt^ine upon it, which is now called KUSibkah, seeum to have ben 

 once ooaMOted with the Syrtu by a channel ; and this hike roust be 

 included under the Lake Tritonis of llorodotiu, if we uppoe the 

 latter t.) be the LeMW Syrtk 



(Rronrll, Gttgmfltt to Uentdttot; Heeren; Maimert ; Shaw, Tranlt, 

 p. 1 



TAGUS. 



738 



SYSRUN, HI V Ell. 

 SYSTON. [LiNco 

 SZARVAS. [H.UHOAiiY.1 

 SZATHMAR. [HUMGAHY. 

 s/KUKIMN. (HuHUARY.] 

 S/KNTA. [HiN-iABY.] 

 SZOLNOK. [HUNGARY.] 



S202UCZYN. [POLAND.] 



T 



TAR [Traps' Oci.i-.J 



1 TAllAUKAH. a small island on the north cofist of Africa, about 50 , 

 f Bunah, is situated at the mouth of the river Tusca (now ' 

 the Zaiue), on the left bank of which there was an ancient Uoman j 

 town callrd Takarea. (1'liuy, ' Hist Nat.,' v. 2.) Of thia town many i 

 ruins till remain. (Shaw, ' Travels,' P- 89.) The Genoese, who for- 

 merly held the ialund, built a fort upon it to protect the coral fisheries 

 of the neighbourhood. It in now iu the possession of the French, to 

 whom it waa given up in 1 S30 by the dey of Tunis. 

 TABASCO, RIYEU. [Msxico.] 

 TAI'.KKG. [SWI:DES.] 

 TAI'.LK i:.\Y. [CAPK or Gooo Horn.] 



TABOR, a walled town in Bohemia, is situated iu 49 24' N. lat., 

 14* 30' E. long., on an eminence called Mount Tabor, on the river 

 Luscbuitz, aud hag about 4500 inhabitants. It was rebuilt, and 

 strongly fortified in 1420 by the Hussitea. The principal buildiugs 

 are the cathedral and the Auguotiuian monastery. The chief industrial 

 products are linen, coarse woollens, aud room-paper. 

 TABOR, MOUNT. fSYBiA.] 



TABRIZ, pronounced and often written Tabreez, the capital of 

 Azerbijan, in Persia, is situated in a plain about 4800 feet above the 

 sea-level, in about 3S 4' X. hit., 40 8' 30" K long. It is said to hare 

 been founded by the wife of Harun al llashid, in A.D. 791. The 

 population amounts to about 60,000 or 60,000. The larger part of 

 the area inclosed by the ancient walls js covered with ruins and 

 gardens. The town has been ofteu taken by the Turks, aud it has 

 been frequently damaged by earthquakes. Owing to ita elevated site 

 the town enjoys a moderate climate in summer, but the winters are 

 intensely cold, the thermometer sometimes sinking to zero, and snow 

 ofteu lying from December to March. 



Tabriz is built on a plain, surrounded on the north and south by 

 ranges of high, bare, and rugged hills. The plain widens gradually 

 na it approaches Lake Uruiiyeh, which lie.? to the westward. It 

 is very fertile, and produces abundant crops of grain where it 

 can be irrigated : it also contains extensive plantations of fruit-trees. 

 The town is surrounded by a wall of sun-burnt bricks, which has a 

 circuit of about three miles and a half, and in which are seven gates. 

 The streets are tolerably straight, but not paved. The houses are 

 made low, on account of the earthquakes, and mostly built of sun- 

 burnt bricks. They have no windows towards the streets, but are 

 convenient in the interior. The suburbs are extensive, aud the orchards, 

 which cover large spaces, are kept in good order, and watered by 

 numerous kercsis (subterranean canals). Grapes, melons, apricots, 

 quinces, peari, and apples are of superior quality. In many of the 

 gardens there are the ruins of magnificent old buildings. There are 

 no buildings distinguished by architectural beauty, not even the 

 mosque*. The mot remarkable is the old oastle, which was built by 

 AliSbab. 



Tabriz has some manufactures of coarse cotton-goods and silk stuffs. 

 It is one of the most commercial towns of Persia. Its principal com- 

 merce i* with Tiflis in Russia, with Trebizond, and with Constantinople. 



rU to Tiflis silk, cotton, rice, galls, and dried fruits, and n 

 from Russia, iron, copper, caviar, cloth, leather, cochineal, and manu- 

 factured goods. European and especially British manufactures reach 

 Tabriz by way of Trebizond, whence th< y are carried overland through 

 Krzrum, llayazid, and Kboi. Knglish goods also reach Tabriz by 

 caravan* from Constantinople. The exports by this road are rice, 

 xl, hides, sheep and goat skins, furs, cnrpets, shawls, and gome 

 ninor articles. The foreign commerce of Tabriz nnmiidly introduces 

 > Persia goods to the value of about a million aud a half sterling, 

 .ropcan jwrt of this trade has considerably buffered since tho 

 commencement of the war between Russia and Turkey. Tabriz 

 receive* the goods of India and Bokhara and some other eastern 

 countries by tie way of Herat aud Teheran. 

 TA' 



i Riding of Yorkshire, a market-town, in the 



TadouUr, is sitnat-d t, u both sides of tin- iiv,-r Wharfe, in 



!' \V. long, distant 6 miles S.W. from York, 



.VX\\ . f,, in Lorxlou by road, and 185 miles by the Great 



rth.ru and North Midland railways. The population of the town 



TMlcuUr in 1851 was 2M7. Tho living is a vicarage iu the arch- 



deaconry and diocege of York. The Wharfe is crossed at Tadcaster 

 by a handsome stone bridge. The town is lighted by gas. The 

 parish church is a fine old building, probably of the 14th century. 

 The \Vusleyan Methodists aud Independents have chapels, and there 

 are National schools, a Grammar school, and Dawsou's Charity for 

 the education of 40 girls and the maintenance of poor widows. The 

 lord of the manor, Colonel Wyndham of Petworth, grautg small allot- 

 ments of land to the labouring classes. The market is on Wednesday, 

 and there are several fairs, chiefly for cattle, in the course of the year. 

 TADMOR. [PALMYRA.] 

 TAEK.HA. [AsAU.] 

 TAFALLA. [NAVARRA.] 

 T API LET. [MABOCOO.] 



TAGANROG, a town in European Russia, in the government of 

 Ekaterinoslaf. stands on the summit of a lofty promontory, near the 

 north-eastern extremity of the Sea of Azof, iu 47" 12' N. lat., 48 40' 

 E. long., and has about 16,000 inhabitants. The town, which was 

 founded in 1688 by Peter the Great, had formerly a considerable 

 commerce. But the bay has become so shallow that only ships of 

 moderate burden can now enter it ; larger vessels unload at Kertsch 

 or Feodosia. The bay is frozen up from December to March. 

 Taganrog has a gymnasium, ten churches, three of which are of stone, 

 dockyards, large and numerous warehouses, and many very handsome 

 private dwellings. The climate is temperate and remarkably healthy ; 

 the surrounding country is very fertile in wheat, excellent fruits, aud 

 vegetables. The emperor Alexander I. died in Taganrog on the 1 st 

 of December, 1825. The town was bombarded by the Anglo-French 

 fleet in July, 1855. 

 TAGAVORT. [MABOCOO.] 

 TAGGIA. [NICE.] 

 TAGLIACOZZO. [ABRUZZO.] 



TAGUS, named Tajo by the Spaniards, and Tejo by the Portuguese, 

 is the largest river of the Spanish Peninsula. Tagus is the name in 

 the Roman writers, and has been adopted iu our language. The 

 rivers by the confluence of which the Tagus is formed originate in 

 the highest part of the table-land of Spain. In the elevated moun- 

 tain-masses of the Sierra Molina aud Sierra de Albaraciu rise three 

 rivers, the Molina, the Tagus, and the Guadiela, which flow west- 

 north-west between high ridges and in narrow valleys. The Molina 

 and Tagus unite on the boundary-line of the provinces of Soria aud 

 Cueuca, and after running south-west about 50 miles, arc joined by 

 the Guadiela where the three provinces of Cuenca, Guadalajara, and 

 Madrid meet. The united river continues to flow in a south-west 

 direction until it enters the more open country of the plain, when it 

 turns to the west, and is joined by the Jarama (Xarama). This 

 river originates on the Soma .Sierra, not far from Buytrago. It runs 

 south, mid is first joined by the Henares about 1 6 milts east of Madrid, 

 aud then by the Tajuua, which joins the Jarama a few miles above 

 | its confluence with the Tngus. The country which is traversed by 

 these branches of the Tagus is not much elevated above the water- 

 courses, possesses a considerable degree of fertility, and is the most 

 populous tract on the table-land of Spain. The Jarama join* the 

 Tngus a little below Araujucz, and at this place the river flows through 

 a wide level plain very little elevated above ita bed, and so fertile, 

 that it is justly called the Garden of Castile. From this place the 

 general course of the Tagus, as far as it lies within Spain, is nearly 

 due west. Below Aranjuez the bed of the river gradually sinks 

 deeper beneath the surrounding country; its banks are steep, and 

 composed of rocks, which in some parts rise from the water abruptly 

 to the height of 200 feet; The adjacent country is uneveu and some- 

 what broken, but not hilly. After having received the Cedron from 

 the south, and encompassed the hill on which the city of Toledo 

 stands, the river again enters a level country, which extends for 

 many miles westward, aud iu which it is joined by the Gtiadarama 

 and Alberche from the north, and several smaller rivers from the 

 south. Below tho town of Talavera de la Reina the Tagus enters a 

 hilly country, where it flows with great rapiHity in a deep bed filled 

 with rocks, and is joined from the north by the rivers Tietar and 

 Alagon, which descend from the high ridge that divides the table- 

 laud of the two Castiles. The Alagon originates in the icy masse* 

 which cover the summit of the Sierra do Griegos, and the volume of 



