WARWICK. 



1061 



Trinity irih is used for the National school ; and iu that of St. 

 Martin tU borial Mrvic* 00)7 U read. Ijdy St. Mary's church u a 

 lam and anci.-nt edifice, and belonged to the priory. The nave was 

 rrbuill in IMS. There are chapels for Independents, Wesleyan 

 i, and Unitarians; National, British, aud Infant scbooU; 



i ; a mutual improvement society ; a news-room ; and a 



bank. Wareham returned two member* to Parliament from 

 gn of Edward L to the pasting of the Reform Act, under 

 which it now returns one member. 



Wareham it a member of the port of Poole. The principal trade 

 roiuutU in the export of a peculiar kind of clay found in the pariah of 

 Corf* Cattle and in the neighbourhood, which in in demand fur th 

 manufacture of common earthenware in Staffordshire. The market- 

 day it Tuesday : and there are fairs for cattle, cheese, and hogs on 

 April 7lb and September 8th, and six cattle-fairs in the spring. 

 \\AItEKAritI. [l-iiATUAM ISLANDS.] 

 \\AKKN I n >KF. [MC5STBB.1 

 WAKORAVE. [liEHKMURE,] 

 WAIlK. (NORTHUMBERLAND.) 

 W.\HK\V( IliTH. [NoKTIIfMBERLAKD.] 



\\ AliMINSTKK, Wilt-hire, a market-town and the scat of a Poor- 

 Law Union, in the parirh of Warminster, is situated in 51 12' N. lat., 

 S* IV W. loug., distant 47 miles S.W. by S. from Devizes, 96 miles 

 W. I y 3. from London by road, and 114 miles by the Great Western 

 railway. The population of the town iu 1S51 was 4220. The living 

 is a vicarage in the archdeaconry and diocese of Salisbury. War- 

 tnintter Poor-Law Union contains 21 parishes and townships, with an 

 area of 56,356 acres, aud a population iu 1351 of 17,067. 



The town is in a very hialthy situation, close to the western bor- 

 der of Salisbury Plain, in the valley of the Wily. The principal 

 street it well paved. The parish church is a spacious and handsome 

 structure ; the tower is of the time of Edward III. ; the body of the 

 church was rebuilt early in the last century. Christ church was built 

 few years ago. An ancient chapel in the centre of the town is now 

 ued as a chapel of ease. There are chapels for Baptists, Independents, 

 Wesleyan MetbodiaU, and Unitarians ; Lord Weymouth's school ; 

 National and Infant schools; and a savings bank. The town-hall, 

 erected by tho Marquis of Bath, contains a handsome suite of rooms 

 for assemblies, public meetings, &c. The market for corn is held on 

 Saturday, and there are three yearly fairs. A county court is held. 

 WARNETON. [FLANDERS, Wat.] 

 WARKAGONG MOUNTAIN& [AUSTRALIA.] 

 WAKRENSPOINT. [DowssHiRE.] 

 W.VRRINGTON, Lancashire, a market-town, municipal and parlia- 

 mentary borough, and the seat of a Poor-Law Union, iu the parish of 

 Warrington, is situated on the right bank of the river Kersey, in 

 63 24' N. lat., 2 36' W. long., distant 53 miles S. by E. from Lan- 

 caster, 184 miles N.W. from London by road, and 182 miles by the 

 London and North-Western railway. The population of the parlia- 

 mentary borough of Warrington in 1S51 was 23,363. The borough is 

 governed by 9 aldermen and 27 councillors, one of whom is mayor ; 

 and returns one member to the Imperial Parliament. The living is a 

 rectory in the archdeaconry of Liverpool and diocese of Chester. 

 WarriDgton Poer-Law Uuion contains 16 parishes and townships, with 

 an area of 29,084 acres, and a population in 1851 of 36,164. 



The town consist* of several narrow streets irregularly laid out, 

 which are well paved and lighted with gas. Two or three excellent 

 examples of ancient half-timber houses are in the market-place. The 

 paritli church is a large cruciform building of various dates. Under 

 the eastern end of the church is a Norman crypt St. Paul's church, 

 finUhed in 1831, is of gothic architecture ; Padgate church is of later 

 erection. There are places of worship for Roman Catholics, Wesleyan 

 and Primitive Methodists, Independents, Baptists, the Countess o: 

 Huntingdon's Connexion, Quakers, and Unitarians. There are a Free 

 Grammar school ; National, British, Orphan, and Infant schools ; a 

 Blue-Coat school, a school of the Educational Society, a Diocesan 

 Model school, Wesleyan and Roman Catholic schools, an institution 

 for the education of clergymen's daughters, a mechanics and a church 

 institute, a museum, a town library, a dispensary, a savings bank, one 

 public baths. A town-hall, a market-hall, two cloth-halls, a bridewell 

 unembly-roonu, and a theatre are in the town. 



Warrington was among the earliest seats of manufactures in Lanca 

 shire. Coarse linens aud checks were the fabrics first made in the 

 town, after which huckaback was manufactured, and then sailcloth 

 and sacking. At present the chief branches of industry are cotton 

 spinning and power-loom weaving, the weaving of fustians, tho manu 

 facture of flint-gists and gla*s bottles, machinery and mill-work, wire 

 pins, filet, nailt and tools, spades, rope, sail-cloth, soap, glue, size, an< 

 bats. There are steam flour-mills, malt-houses, brick-fields, tan-yards 

 a paper-mill, an iron-foundry where large iron steamers are built, an< 

 several breweries. The market U on Wednesday for corn, vegetables 

 and butcher meat ; a lew important market is held on Saturday 

 There are two yearly fairs for woollen-cloth, Irish linens, \\Y1~1 

 flannels, bones, horned cattle, pigs, sheep, aud pedlery. Potatoes and 

 vegetables are cultivated to a considerable extent around the town 

 The navigation of the river Mersey and its feeder the Irwell is con 

 tinned upward to Manchester. The Mersey and Irwell Canal joins th 

 river Mersey near Warrington ; and the Sankey Canal, the Duke o 



'riJgewater'n Canal, the London and North -Western railway, and 

 tie Lancashire and Cheshire Junction railway pass near the town. 



WARSAW, the capital formerly of Poland, now of the province of 

 Varsaw iu European Russia, is agreeably situated on an eminence on 

 he left bank of the Vistula, in 62 10' N. lat,, 21 E. lou., and had 

 64,115 inhabitants in 1851. It consists of the city itself, which is 

 iivided into the Old and the New Town, and of several suburbs. The 

 ity is surrounded with ramparts, and defended by a citadel and other 

 ortifiratious. The circumference of the city and suburbs (including 

 'raga, a suburb on the right bank of the Vistula) is 10 miles, but there 

 re many gardens and open spaces in this area. The city itself is irregu- 

 arly built and the streets narrow, but the suburbs are distinguished 

 >y their regularity and flue buildiugs, and entitle Warsaw to rank 

 among the handsomest cities in Kurope. These suburbs are adorned 

 with splendid edifices, with broad, well-lighted, aud paved streets ; the 

 mean wooden houses which formerly stood here have gradually dis- 

 appeared, and others of stone taken their place. Among the public 

 tructures are the royal (now the imperial) palace, built by King 

 Sigismund III., who transferred his residence from Cracow to Warsaw ; 

 the Saxon palace, with a fine garden ; the palace, formerly the resi- 

 dence of the primate, since occupied by the commissariat department ; 

 the Erasiuski palace, a very fine building, now the palace of the 

 government; the palaces formerly belonging to Prince Radzivil and 

 nt Briihl ; the buildings of the former university ; the arsenal ; 

 ,he mint ; the Marieville bazaar, an imitation of the Palais Royal iu 

 Paris ; the military hospital ; and the great barracks. There are 

 >esides above a hundred palaces of the Polish nobles, and 18 convents 

 some of these have been suppressed), each with its own church. 

 Among the other churches of Warsaw the most remarkable are the 

 Catholic cathedral of St. John, the church of the Holy Cross, that of 

 St. -Alexander (built by means of contributions which were collected 

 'or the purpose of erecting a triumphal arch in honour of the emperor 

 Alexander's first entry into Warsaw); the church of St.-Borromeo, and 

 a beautiful Lutheran church. Warsaw has five theatres ; numerous 

 useful aud charitable institutions ; a National bank, established by 

 order of the emperor Nicholas in 1828 ; a foundling hospital, six other 

 lospitals, an agricultural academy, a deaf and dumb asylum, and 

 numerous schools. Of the population about 30,000 are Jews. Tho 

 manufactures of Warsaw comprise broadcloth, cotton-prints, linen, 

 woollen-stuffs, hosiery, hats, gold- and silver-wares, paper, tobacco, 

 saddlery, beer, chemicals, &c. ; and the trade of the city is consider- 

 able, being favoured by the Vistula, five annual fairs, and by a railway, 

 which joins the Cracow-Vienna line at Granica, 



Before the Cracow gate stands the gilt bronze statue of King Sigis- 

 mund III. on a marble column 26 feet high. The emperor Nicholas 

 caused a splendid monument to be erected in the church of the 

 Capuchins, in honour of King John III. (Sobieski), the conqueror of 

 the Turks. In 1830 the statue of Copernicus was erected before the 

 palace of the Royal Society of Friends of the Sciences, and the statue 

 of Prince Joseph Poniatowski, who lost his life in the battle of Leipzig, 

 was Bet up in the Cracow suburb. Another statue of Copernicus, by 

 Thorwaldsen, was erected in 1849. 



The University of Warsaw, abolished in 1834, has been replaced by 

 two colleges; but its library of 150,000 volumes and all its otber 

 valuable collections were transferred to St. Petersburg. Warsaw has 

 also a theological seminary, a rabbinical college, an observatory, a 

 botanic garden, two gymnasia, numerous Russian schools, libraries, 

 and literary associations. Warsaw became the capital of Poland in 

 1566, of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw in 1807, and of Russian Polaud 

 in 1815. The Poles drove the Russians out of it in 1830, but the 

 latter recovered it a few months after; and siuce this insurrection 

 the most persevering efforts have been made by Russia to abolish tho 

 nationality, the religion, and the language of the Poles. [POLAND.] 



WARSOP. [NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.] 



WARTHA, 1UVER. [BRANDENBURG.] 



WARWICK, the county town of Warwickshire, a market-town, 

 municipal and parliamentary borough, and the seat of a Poor-Law 

 Union, is situated chiefly on the right bank of the river Avon, in 

 52 17' N. lat., 1 33' W. long., distant 90 miles from London by 

 road, and 105 miles by the London and North- Western railway. The 

 population of tho borough in 1851 was 10,973. The borough is 

 governed by 6 aldermen and 18 councillors, of whom one is mayor; 

 and returns two members to the Imperial Parliament. The living is 

 a vicarage in the archdeaconry aud diocese of Worcester. Warwick 

 Poor-Law Union contains 34 parishes and townships, with an area of 

 66,639 acres, aud a population in 1851 of 41,934. 



Warwick is a place of considerable antiquity. It was ruined in 

 the early wars of the Danes, and restored by the Lady Ethelfleda, 

 daughter of Alfred the Great, aud governor of Mercia, who built a fort 

 here in 913. In the time of Philip and Mary the town received its 

 first regular charter of incorporation. 



Tho principal part of the town is separated from the Avon by 

 Warwick Castle aud the castle grounds. Its site is a solid rock, in 

 which the cellars are excavated. Above the castle the Avon is crossed 

 by a stone bridge of one arch 100 feet in span. The streets aro 

 spacious, well paved, lighted with gas, and in general lined with inodi-rn 

 well-built houses. The costlu is one of the finest specimens of tho 

 ancient residences of our feudal nobles in the kingdom. One of the 



