1117 



WOODFORD. 



WORCESTER. 



1159 



hall, a email theatre, and barracks ; and near the town is a bridewell. 

 The aestuary of the Deben is here navigable for small coasting-vessels; 

 the tide flows above the town. Corn, malt, and flour are exported ; 

 and coal, timber, and general merchandise imported. The number 

 and tonnage of Teasels registered as belonging to the port on 

 December 31st 1854, were : Of and under 50 tons 30, tonnage 1007 ; 

 above 50 tons 34, tonnage 2396. The entries at the port during 1854 

 were : Inwards, 543 vessels, tonnage 28,298 ; outwards, 380 vessels, 

 tonnage 19.399. 



WOODFORD. [Ess**.] 



WOODHAM FERRKRS. fEiaiULl 

 iiOROL'GH. [KB.VT.] 



WOODSTOCK, NEW, Oxfordshire, a parliamentary and municipal 

 borough, and the seat of a Poor-Law Union, in the parish of Wood- 

 stock, is situated on rising ground on the left bank of the Qlyme, a 

 stream which is expanded into a lake in Blenheim Park, in 51 51' 

 N. lat, 1 21' W. long., distant 8 miles N.N.W. from Oxford, and 62 

 miles W.N.W. from London by road. The population of the parlia- 

 mentary borough of Woodstock in 1851 was 7983. The borough 

 returns one member to the Imperial Parliament. The living is a 

 curacy in the archdeaconry and diocese of Oxford. Woodstock Poor- 

 Law Union contains 31 parishes and township*, with an area of 44,973 



, and a population in 1851 of 14,360. 



The hamlet of Old Woodstock, though not included in the municipal 

 borough, may be considered as forming a part of the town of New 

 Woodstock. The town-ball, erected about 1766, is a neat stone 

 building, with a piaxaa in ttie lower part, which is used as a market- 

 place. Tho greater part of the church was rebuilt in 1786 on the site 

 of a chantry founded by King John. A round-arched Norman door- 

 way remain* in the south wall, and three massive ancient columns in 

 the interior, with grotesque beads on the c ipitali, support pointed 

 arches. There are chapels for Wealeyan Methodist* and Baptists, a 

 Free Grammar school, two endowed Free school*, and a savings bank. 

 A county court is held in the town. The only manufacture of import- 

 ance is that of gloves, which i* carried on partly in the town of 

 Woodstock, but chiefly in the surrounding village*. Tuesday is the 

 market-day ; seven fairs are held in the course of the year. Previous 

 to the Reform Act, Woodstock returned two member* to Parliament 



WOODSTOCK. [CANADA; NKW BBUMWIU*;.] 

 DVILLE. [MiaUMim, State of.] 



KIL [NOBTHL'MBEBLAXD.) 



WooLWICH. Kent, a market-town and the seat of the chief 

 government arsenal, in the parish of Woolwich, is situated on the 

 right bank of the river Thame*, in 61* 2W N. lat, 0* 4' B. long., 

 distent 8 miles E. from London by road, about 9( mile* by the river, 

 and 9 miles by the North Krnt railway. The population of the town 

 and parish of Woolwich in 1861 was 82,867. The pariah form* part 

 of the parliamentary borough of QauxwicB. The town i* governed 

 by a board of 10 nnmmiseiimrjrs The living is a rectory in the arch- 

 deaconry of Middlesex ami diocese of London. 



Woolwich innrirti chiefly of a street about a mile long, on the bank 

 of the river, with other streets diverging from it chiefly to the south. 

 In the higher and more modern part of the town there are several 

 atrrete of handsome bousra. The street* are lighted with gas. 

 At Woolwich the Thames is three-quarters of a mile wide. A tract 

 of land in Eetex. on the left bank of the river, called North Woolwich, 

 i* included in the pvish of Woolwich. The parish church is a plain 

 brick building with a square tower. Two new church** have been 

 ereeted within the last few yean with the aid of the Church Building 

 Society. There i* also a proprietary Episcopal chapel The Ordnance 

 chapel, on the road to Plumstead, and another chapel in the Royal 

 Artillery Barracks, are both in the appointment of the Board of 

 Ordnance. The Wesleya* and Association Methodists, Independents, 

 English Presbyterian*. Baptists, and Roman Catholic* have place* of 

 worship. There are National, British, Infant, and Roman Catholic 

 cfaoola, a Marine school, reading-rooms, a mechanic* institute, a 

 savings bank. Laths, and several parochial charities. There is a town- 

 A county court is held in the town. The government establish- 

 -the Royal Artillery Barracks, the Royal Marine Barracks, 

 the Royal Sappers and Miner* 1 Barrack*, the Royal Arsenal, Her 

 Majesty's boekiard, and the Royal Ordnance Hospital. 



The importance of Woolwich has arisen from its dockyard, from the 

 govirams.il foundry for cannon having been established there, and 

 from it* having been made a great depot for naval and military store*. 

 Of the government establishments at Woolwich, the first was 



The Royal Dockyard, which was formed in the reign of Henry VIII. 

 The ' Harry One* a Dieu,' named afar the king, and built at Woolwich 

 in 1616, wa* the largest Teasel which bad then been constructed. The 

 dockyard now commence* at the village of Mew Charlton on the we-t, 

 and extend* along the south bank of the river almost a mile to the 

 east, very near to the Royal Arsenal. It contains two large dry dock*, 

 a basis, 400 fest long by WO feet wide, capable of receiving the largest 

 veeerl*; extensive ranges of timber-shed-, store-house*, mast-bouH*, 

 with steam saw-mill*, Ac. ; and a large building provided with powerful 

 Nasmyth's steam-hammer, and every other needful 

 for manufacturing the various article* of iron used in 



government foundry for casting cannon was formerly in 



Moorfields, and waa removed to Woolwich about the year 1716. 

 The foundry for cannon forms one of the principal departments 

 of the Royal Arsenal. It has 4 air-furnaces, the largest of which can 

 melt at once 19 tons of metal. Another department of the Royal 

 Arsenal is the Model Room, which is near the foundry. It contains a 

 pattern or model of every article used in the artillery service ; of the 

 machinery for granulating gunpowder, and for trying the strength of 

 powder ; of Congreve and other rockets ; chain, bar, and other shot ; 

 fire-ships, fire-works, <fec. Connected with the Model Room is the 

 Laboratory, in which cartridges, rockets, fire-works, and other articles 

 of chemical manufactures are prepared. In other parts of the arsenal 

 are large numbers of cannon-balls and bomb-shells arranged in pyra- 

 midal groups. At the east end of the grounds is the ' butt,' a large 

 mound, which is made use of in proving the large guns cast here. 

 There are extensive magazines for gunpowder and rockets, also saw- 

 mills and workshops for the manufacture of gun-carriages, rocket-staffs, 

 lance-poles, and similar articles. The Storehouses of the Royal Artil- 

 lery are to the north of the Royal Arsenal. The Royal Artillery Bar- 

 racks are on the north aide of Woolwich Common. The principal 

 front, which consists of 6 ranges, is 1200 feet long, with an elegant 

 entrance-tower in the centre. A spacious chapel in the eaat wing has 

 accommodation for 1000 persons. The other parts of the building 

 consist of the library and reading-rooms, and a splendid suite of apart- 

 ments, in which balls and other entertainments are given. The interior 

 is divided into two quadrangles, with stabling and barracks for the 

 horse-artillery and a large riding-school. 



The Royal Military Academy is at the south-east edge of Woolwich 

 Common, towards which it presents a handsome front : the central 

 tower, with its four domed turrets, is a picturesque object in the 

 distance. The academy was established as early as 1719, but the 

 present building was not erected till 1805. The Master-General of the 

 Ordnance for the time being is the governor. The resident officers are 

 a lieutenant-governor and inspector, second captains and lieutenants, 

 a professor of mathematics, a professor and instructors of fortification, 

 instructors in practical artillery, masters of geography, surveying, 

 drawing, languages, Ac., with lecturers on mechanics, astronomy, 

 geology, and chemistry. 



The Repository, south of the town, on the west side of Woolwich 

 Common, is a depository for models of fortified towns, dockyards, &c. ; 

 other models of military and naval architecture, with specimens of 

 fire-arms, military machines, and a variety of other things connected 

 with military and naval affairs. The building, called the Rotunda, is 

 of tent-like form, with 24 aides, the diameter being 120 feet The 

 centre of the cone which forms the top of the building is supported 

 by a pillar, round which are arranged specimens of old Kngliih weapons, 

 such as matchlocks, wheel-locks, bills, partizans, old swords, &c. 



Besides the buildings above described, there are the Royal Marine 

 Barracks ; the barracks of the Royal Sappers and Miners, in which a 

 library and museum have been instituted by the non-commissioned 

 officers and privates of the corps ; and the Royal Ordnance Hospital. 

 In the Thames, opposite the dockyards, ara the hulks for the reception 

 of convicts sentenced to transportation and to hard labour : the convicts 

 are employed on government works. 



At Monk \\~uolioith, on the opposite side of the river, a village of 

 neat residences, with an hotel and pleasure-grounds, has sprung up 

 since the construction of the Woolwich branch of the Eastern Counties 

 railway, which has its terminus here. Communication by steam-boat 

 is constantly maintained between Woolwich and North Woolwich. 

 Extensive commercial dock* are in course of construction at North 

 Woolwich. 



WOOTTON BASSETT. [WILTSHIRB.] 



:.NCE. [HAM 



WORBI8. [EHKTJBT.] 



WOUTTON ST. LAWKEI* 



[HAMPSHIRE.] 



WORCESTER, the capital of Worcestershire, an episcopal city, a 

 market-town, municipal and parliamentary borough, and the seat of 

 a Poor-Law Union, is situated chiefly on the left bank of the river 

 Severn, in 62 12 N. lat, 2 12' W. long., distant 111 miles W.S.W. 

 from London by road, and 139 miles by the London and North- 

 Western and Bristol and Birmingham railways. The population of 

 the city of Worcester in 1851 was 27,628. The borough is governed 

 by 12 aldermen and 36 councillors, of whom one is mayor; and returns 

 two members to the Imperial Parliament The livings are in the arch- 

 deaconry and diocese of Worcester. Worcester Poor- Law Union contains 

 12 parishes, with an area of C967 acres, and a population in 1851 of 

 26,237. 



The ancient boundary-wall of the city of Worcester may still be 

 traced in some place*. There were six gates (besides the tower on the 

 bridge) ; the last was taken down in 1787. The present extent of the 

 city is about three miles from north to south, and nearly two miles 

 from east to west 



Worcester is built almost entirely of red brick, with the exception 

 of some public buildings, the churches, and the cathedral, which are 

 of a soft and commonly a reddish kind of sandstone. The city is 

 lighted with gas, and well supplied with water. The principal streets 

 are broad, airy, and cheerful ; the appearance of the houses and shops 

 is clean and neat. The chief thoroughfares are High-street, Bridge- 

 street, Broad-street, Sidbury, College-street, the Cross, Foregate-street, 

 and the Tything. Besides the cathedral there are 13 churches. St 



