1209 



YORKSHIRE. 



YORKSHIRE. 



1210 



A little above the bridge is a very fine stone weir, by means of which 

 some extensive Sour-mills are worked. There are also several oil- and 

 logwood-mills. St. James' church is a handsome edifice, built in 1839. 

 The Wesleyan Methodists and Independents have chapels, and there 

 are National schools and a savings bank. The market, held on Thurs- 

 day, is of importance for corn. Fairs are held on Holy Thursday, 

 August 5th, and October 10th : there are also fortnightly stock fairs, 

 which are well attended. A little below the town is St. Helen's Ford, 

 where the Roman military way crossed the river. The scenery in the 

 vicinity of the town is diversified and beautiful. A county court 

 is held. 



The following are some of the more important villages in the county : 

 the population is that of 1851 ; the letters E., N., and \V. after the 

 several places indicate that they are respectively in the East, North, 

 or West Riding : 



Aclcworth, W., population 1835, about S miles E. by S. from Wake- 

 field, is chiefly noticeable for the Free school maintained here by the 

 Quakers, for children of members of their society. There are also the 

 Lowther Endowed school and an Infant school. Adding/tarn, W., 

 population of the township 1558, about 6 miles E. by S. from Skipton, 

 has an ancient parish church ; places of worship for Wesleyan Method- 

 ists and Quakers; and a National school. Worsted spinning, the 

 making of worsted goods, the cotton manufacture, malting, tanning, 

 and nail-making are carried on. Armley, W., population of the chapelry, 

 which forms part of the borough of Leeds, 6190, is on the right bank 

 of the river Aire, about 2 miles N. by W. from Leeds. It has an 

 extensive woollen manufacture. There are a chapel of case ; chapels 

 for Wesleyan and New Counexion Methodists and Baptists; endowed 

 Town's schools ; National schools ; and schools connected with the 

 Baptist and Wesleyan Methodist congregations. Tanning, malting, 

 and brewing are carried on. There are flour-mills, and scribbling- 

 and fulling-mills. Flax spinning, and the manufacture of thread and 

 of linen foods, employ some of the inhabitants. The jail and house of 

 correction was erected in 1847, at au expense of 45,500i. Aikern, W., 

 a village of some celebrity for its sulphureous waters, is 7 miles N. 

 from Doncaster : population of the township 382. The earliest notice 

 of the Ankern waters occurs in a work by Dr. Short, published in 1734. 

 There are several wells, and Dr. Lankester analysed the waters of six 

 of them. The water contains sulphate and carbonate of lime, and 

 trac a of sulphur. A bath charity was established in 1825 for enabling 

 poor persons to avail themselves of the benefit of the wells. The 

 Wesleyau Methodists have a chapel, and there are National schools, 

 partially endowed. A ttercliffe forma part of the borough of Sheffield. 

 [SHEFFIELD.] Aytgarth, N., population of the township, 253, of the 

 parish, which has au area of 77,308 acres, 5635, about 13 miles S.\V. 

 from Richmond, is situated in Wenaleydale, on the right bank of the 

 river Ure, which has here a remarkable fall over an irregular ridge of 

 rocks, called Aysgarth Force. A bridge of one arch, 71 feet in span, 

 crone* the river above the Force. Besides the parish church, there is 

 a National school Ayton, N., population of the pariah 1304, about 

 16 miles N.K. from Northallerton, has a plain old church ; places of 

 worship for Wesleyan and Primitive MethodUts, Independents, and 

 Quakers; a British school; a Free school; and an Agricultural school, 

 supported by the Quakers. Tanning, shoe-making, the linen manu- 

 facture, and nail-making afford employment. Bamoldticick, W., popu- 

 lation of the township 1938, is about 3 miles S.E. from Guburn. 

 Besides the parish church, which is ancient, there are a chapel of ease, 

 chapels for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, and Baptists, and a 

 National school. The cotton manufacture is carried on. An abbey 

 was founded here in the 12th century. Bailey, W. t population of the 

 township 9308, is about 6 miles N.\V. from \Vakefield. The parish 

 church ia an ancient building, of the perpendicular style. There are 

 place* of worship for Wealeyan and Primitive Methodists, a Free 

 Grammar school ; a National school ; and a literary institution. The 

 inhabitants are chiefly employed in various branches of the woollen 

 manufacture. Beestoii, W., population of the township, which forms 

 part of Leeds borough, 1973, about 2 mile* S. by W. from Leeds, has 

 an ancient chapel. The neighbouring collieries, and several branches 

 of the woollen manufacture, give employment to many of the inhabit- 

 ants. Bentfutm, W., population of the township 2143, is on the right 

 bank of the river VVeuniug, close to the Lancashire border. Besides 

 the parish church, there is a Grammar school The inhabitants are 

 engaged in the flax manufacture. Bit-stall, W., population of the 

 pari-b, which is very extensive and contains eight populous townships, 

 36,222 ; the village is about midway between Leeds and Huddera- 

 field. The church is of the perpendicular style; there are chapels 

 for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, and a National school 

 Buhopthorpe, W., population 406, about 3 miles S. by W. from York, 

 has a handsome parish church, which was repaired in 1842 by the 

 late Archbishop llarcourt; the windows are of fine stained glass. 

 The carved chair, for the use of the Archbishop, was constructed from 

 wood saved from York Cathedral when it was partially burned in 

 1839,. There are a chapel for Wesleyan Methodists, and National 

 schools. The palace of the Archbishop of York U a fine gothic 

 structure, much enlarged and somewhat modernised by Archbishop 

 1'r iiiiiuond. The tea-gardens at Biahopthorpe attract numerous 

 visitor* from York, Button Abbey, W., ia a small township in the 

 parish of Skipton, population of the township 109, beautifully situ- 



ated on the right bank of the Wharfe, 6 miles E.N.E. from Skiptou. 

 The place is only noteworthy on account of the beautiful scenery of 

 its immediate neighbourhood, and the picturesque ruins of the abbey, 

 for which it is much visited. A priory is said to have been founded 

 at Embsay in 1124, by William de Meschines and Cicilia, his wife, 

 but removed three years later to Bolton, on the death of their son 

 Romilly, who was drowned in leaping across the Strid in Boltou Park : 

 the story has been celebrated by Wordsworth, Rogers, and some minor 

 poets. Bolton Priory is now the property of the Duke of Devon- 

 shire. The ruins are chiefly of the priory church ; they are partly of 

 Norman date. The remains of Harden Tower are on the heights, 

 about 3 miles N.W. from Bolton Abbey. Boston, or Boston Spa, \V., 

 about 4 miles N.W. from Tadcaster, on the right bank of the river 

 Wharfe, is visited by invalids, for its chalybeate spring. Commodious 

 baths have baen erected, and there are good lodging-houses. Several 

 boarding-schools are in the village and its vicinity. Bowes, N., popu- 

 lation of the township 725, is on the left bank of the Greta, 4 miles 

 S.W. from Barnard Castle. Besides the church there is a Free school. 

 There are here remains of an extensive castle of Norman date. Brad- 

 fidd, W., population of the chapelry 6865, about 7 miles N.W. from 

 Sheffield, in the midst of barren moors, has a chapel of ease, a ch;ipel 

 for Wesleyan Methodists, and Endowed schools. Some of the inhabit- 

 ants find occupation in preparing cutlery articles for the Sheffield 

 manufacturers. Bramham, W., population of the township 1318, 

 about 3 miles W. from Tadcaster, is pleasantly situated. The churcli 

 is an ancient gothic structure, with a western tower; the Wesleyan 

 Methodists have a chapel, and there are National schools, and a supe- 

 rior school or college. Lime and freestone are abundant in the 

 district. On the south side of the town is Bramham Moor, a great 

 part of which is still a rabbit warren. Bramley, W., population of 

 the chapelry 8949, near the right bank of the river Aire, about 4 miles 

 N.W. by W. from Leeds, has a chapel of ease ; chapels for Wesleyau 

 and Primitive Methodists, and Baptists ; National schools, and schools 

 supported by Wesleyau and Primitive Methodists. The woollen- 

 manufacture is largely carried on ; also rope-making, tanning, iron- 

 founding, and malting. Brampton-Bierlow, W., population of the 

 township 1741, about 6 miles N. by W. from Rotherham, has a 

 National school, originally founded as a Free school, in 1711. Earl 

 Fitzwilliam has here extensive coal-mines and iron-foundries. Brig- 

 haute, W., population of the township 6091, on the left bank of the 

 river Calder, about 4 miles E.S.E. from Halifax, is favourably situated 

 for trade, from its excellent roads to neighbouring towns, the railway, 

 and the Calder navigation. There are here a district church, chapels 

 for Wesleyan and New Connexion Methodists, and a Free school. 

 Worsted spinning, the manufacture of fancy woollen goods aud worsted 

 stuffs, the making of carding machinery for the manufactories, curry- 

 ing, tanning, aud malting are carried on. Brompton, N., population 

 of the chapelry 1491, about a mile and a half N. by E. from Northal- 

 lerton, has an ancient church of Norman character, and a British 

 school The linen manufacture is the chief occupation. Here was 

 fought the buttle of the Standard between the English and the Scotch 

 armies in 1138; tho site of the battle-neld is still called Standard 

 Hill. Brotherton, W., population of the township 1454, about 3 miles 

 N.E. from Pontefract, has a parish church, which has recently under- 

 gone a complete repair; chapels for Wesleyau and Primitive Method- 

 iats, and Independents; uud National aud Infant schools. Basket- 

 making, boat-building, the manufacture of glass bottles, lime-buruiug, 

 malting, and rope-, sail-, and twine-making, give some employment. 

 Barley, \V., population of the township 1894, about 2 miles W. by N. 

 from Otley, Las a chapel of ease, and chapels for Wesleyau Methodists 

 and Independents. Some of the inhabitants are employed in the 

 cotton-manufacture, and in worsted-spinning. Considerable attention 

 is given by the neighbouring farmers to the rearing of sheep, cattle, 

 and horses. Calverley, W., population of the township of Calverley 

 with Faraley 4892, is on the right bank of the river Aire, about 

 8 miles N.W. from Leeds. There are here a parish church, a new 

 di.-triut church opened iu 1843, chapels for Wesleyau and Primitive 

 Methodists, and National, British, and Town's schools. There are 

 fulling-mills and flour-mills. Carleton, W., population of the chapelry 

 214, about 2 miles N. by E. from Snaith, is pleasantly situated near 

 the left bank of the river Aire. Besides the parish church, there are 

 chapels for Wesleyau and Primitive Methodists, aud Roman Catholics. 

 Caaileford, W., population of the township 2150, about 3 miles N.W. 

 from Pontefract, is on the right bank of the river Aire. There are a 

 church, chapels for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, and an Infant 

 achool Coal-mines, glass-manufactories, and pottery-works employ a 

 considerable number of workpeople. Over the river Aire is a hand- 

 some stone bridge. Catterick, N., population of the township 640, is 

 about 5 miles S.K by E. from Richmond, near the right bank of tho 

 river Swale. The parish church was erected in the reign of Henry V. 

 There are a Free school founded in 1645, and an hospital for six pocr 

 widows. North Cure, E., population of the township 899, aboi.t 

 10 miles W. by S. from Beverley, contains a parish church, places of 

 worship for Wealeyau and Primitive Methodists aud Quakers, and 

 Endowed and Free schools. Agricultural implemeuts are manufactured. 

 Cawlhorne, W., population of the parish 1254, is about 4 miles W. by 

 N. from Barnsley; it has a parish church, a chapel for Wesleyan 

 Methodists, a Grammar school, and Mrs. Stanhope's Charity school. 



