rss 



MONEY. 



MOXI'.V. 



730 



of the penny broken into four. Instances of pennies neatly and 

 accurately cut into halve* and quarter* occur almost wherever Saxon 

 coin* hare been di covered. The fourthling, at money. is twice men- 

 tioned in the AmtUSaxon version of the Gospel*. (Matt v. 26 ; 

 Luke xxi. 2.) Half-farthings were coined in 1852, chiefly for the use 

 of the Briti -h colonies. 



Famti, a gold coin of Mysore, struck by Tippoo Sail), of the value 

 sterling of 'i.lld. A variety of the pagoda. 



filifpo, or Philip, an old silver coin of Milan, worth about 4s. 8\d. 



/7on'n,ainoney of account and silver coin in Holland, Belgium, and 

 Germany, calUd also gulden and gulden, and, by corruption, gilder ur 

 guilder. The florin of Holland and Bavaria is worth about 1. &</. ; 

 that of Belgium is equal to a franc, or 100 centimes ; the heavy (or 

 ConmlHou mtf) florin of Austria is worth about 2*. 4<l., but coin is 

 rare throughout the Austrian dominions; paper supplying it* place 

 down to notes of 6 luxutcers. At Frankfort-am-Maine it is only 

 worth It. lit. 



Piirm is also a gold coin at Hanover and in other parts of Germany, 

 though chiefly current in the countries on the banks of the Rhine ; 

 pawing generally for 2 rix-dollars current. Assay value nbout 6*. lid. 



/'/ /n' is also the name of an English silver com current for 'it., and 

 weighing 7 dwts. 6fj grs. It was aloo the name of an earlier English 

 coin, both in gold ana silver. [COIN] 



F<Mrpe**y-i>itce, an English silver coin, the third part of a shilling, 

 weighing 1 dwt 5,ij grs. There are also silver coins for threepearr, 

 hnpenft, and pr*rt, but the last-named two are not coined for general 

 circulation, and are only given in small numbers as Maunday money. 



Pram-, a money of account and silver coin of France, Sardinia, 

 Switzerland, and Belgium, with its double, quintuple, and lower pro- 

 portions, down to l-5th of the French franc, weighs 77'17 grains, 

 contains 69'453 grains of pure silver, and is worth lOrf. Those of 

 Belgium, Sardinia, and Switzerland are very nearly the same. The 

 gold coins are pieces of 40, 20, and 10 francs, value 31s. 9rf., 15*. 104</., 

 and 7<. 1J</. The old Switzerland franc was worth 1. Zd 



frtderuk, or Priedirieh't d'Or, a gold coin in Prussia and Denmark, 

 worth lf. 5\d. There are also double and half Fredericks. 



I'hu-ih. a Turkish silver coin, equal to 25 piasters, or about 4*. 6d. 

 In Syria, it U a gold coin, but the value is somewhat less. 



GiUir, or Guilder, see Fluri*. 



Giulio, a small coin of base silver, formerly current in Italy ; half 

 a lira. 



Gold C om, a coin of Portugal, worth II. 3. lid. 



Graoo, a copper coin, and the money of account in Naples, Sicily, 

 and Malta. It in worth 4-lOths of an English penny. 



lfrotrheM,n small coin, and money of account in Prussia, Hanover, 

 and other puts nf Germany. A Prussian silver groschcn is worth a 

 penny English. There are also coins of 10, 5, and 2) gra-chen. The 

 yHtt tjmtrtien of Hanover are 24 to the thaler, and worth nearly IJrf. 



Grotto, a silver coin of central Italy, worth about 24<f. 



Grnlt. a small coin and money of account, in use at Bremen : 74 grotes 

 make 1 rix-dollar. It is worth rather more than a halipenny. 



Guilder, see Plonm. 



Guiiwa. The unit, as it was called, or twenty-shilling gold piece, 

 was first coined by King James I. The appellation of Guinea was 

 given because great quantities of them were coined out of gold brought 

 from the Guinea coast by the Royal African Company, which are 

 distinguished by an elephant under the head, some a castle, others 

 without The guinea had not been long in currency before common 

 content had raised it to 21. About the ana of the Revolution, 

 James Il.'s' guinea was paid and received at 2!. 6d. In the reign 

 Immediately subsequent, the gold money remaining without alteration 

 in weight and fineness, and the silver money growing daily of less 

 value by clipping and counterfeiting, occasioned '!'., then 28*., and ut 

 last SO*, to be given for a guinea ; but no sooner was the silver money 

 restored to its first' value by the grand recoinage, than the guinea was 

 again reduced, first to 28*., then to 26*., and finally to 22 , and soon 

 after, by common consent, was paid and remained as before at 21>. fid., 

 and continued at that price for twenty years after. In 1717 the 

 guinea was reduced to 21., at wUich it continued till the latter part of 

 the reign of Oeorge III., when the coining of guineas ceased. 



Gulden, a silver coin of Holland, equal to 20 stivers : in Bavaria, 

 1 gulden = 60 kruzen ; they are both worth 1. 8</. English. 



Ht-ler, is copper coin, formerly used through most parts of Germany, 

 and worth al>out a halfpenny English. 



I-peri-.l. a Kussian gold coin, of 10 rubles ; it has its half. The 

 Engluh mint value of the imperial is 34. 4<f., and of the half 17. 2rf. 



Juamne, Jgluntt. or Joe, a former Portuguese gold coin (called also a 

 Fortuynat), of the value of If. lit. lOd. 



/taMiH-. a gold coin of Spain, worth II. 0. 1 ft,/. 



Kkerttk, a gold coin of Egypt and Turkey. That of Egvpt is worth 

 bout 4, Id. ; that of Constantinople, about 4*. There are, however, 

 several khertehs, varying in vslue. 



*. a money of account and silver and copper c in in 

 Russia. In silver there are pieces of 80 kopeks down to 6 : the copper 

 kopek, also in pieces of 10, 6, 3, 2, and 1, U worth about three-fourths 

 of a halfpenny. It is the silver kopek that is the money of account : 

 100 kopek* = 1 ruble. 



Krtutcr, *null copper coin, and money of account in many parto 



of Germany, worth 1 of a penny. Sixty kreuzcu go to a silver 

 gulden of Holland or Bavaria. 



Laf, a money of account in the East Indies ; it is equal to 100,000 

 rupees. 



l.ari*. an old coin and money of account in Persia and Arabia, of 

 24 mamoodU.- It consists of a silver wire, about half an inch in ! 

 doubled up, and flattened on one side to receive the impressions of 

 some characters. 



Ispton, a copper coin of the kingdom of Greece, the 100th part of 

 a dr.chma. The piece of 5 lepta, the smallest coin in use, is nearly 

 equal to a halfpenny. 



Liard, a small French copper coin in the old system of France, of 

 the value of 3 deniera. 



Li- a, a gold coin of Turkey, circulating chiefly in Syria and Palestine, 

 of the value of about 18j. 6(/. 



Lira, a silver coin of Italy, particularly at Milan and Veuice. It is 

 in fact the Austrian zwanziger. The lira of Lombardy ii current for 

 about 8\d. The nova lira of Sardinia was equivalent to the French 

 fr.mc. The currency of Lombardy and Tuscany is in a state of transi- 

 tion, being assimilated to that of Sardinia. 



l.irazza, base silver pieces, formerly current at Venice, of 30, -i\ 

 5, 10, and 5 soldi. 



Lirornina, an old silver coin of Leghorn, value 4*. 5Jd. 



Louis blanc, the n.uiie for the old ecus of silver coined in France 

 before 1726, at the rate of 9 pieces to the mark of 10 deni. 

 grains fine. 



Louit d'or, a former gold coin of France, at first worth 20a. Id., 

 but reduced in 1786 to 18*. lOd. ; it is now valued at 19*. 



/,'.>'< H IJiil/ar, or Lyon Dollur, an old Dutch silver coin at 42 stivers 

 or a littU; mo: e. It was * of the ducatoon. 



. a small gold coin in Sumatra, weighing 9 grains, and worth 

 about 14</. sterling. In China the mace U the tenth part of a tael. 



Mamoodi, or Mamnudi, a money of account and silver coin of 

 Persia. The mamoodi of Gombroon contains 5 silver and J copper, 

 and is worth nearly 3d. The mamoodi of Bassora is 

 about 5\d. 



Mararedi, is now a Spanish money of account, but was formerly a 

 coin. It is now reckoned as the 34th part of a real. 



Mark, an old English gold coin, worth 13. 4(/. 



Mark, a silver coin in Denmark, Norway, and Hamburg. The 

 Danish mark is equal to 16 skillings, and is worth 44rf. The mark of 

 Hamburg is equal to 1C schillings, and is worth about It. 3rf. 



Max d'Or, or Maximilian, on old gold coin of Bavaria, value 1 " 



M-jidfh, a Turkish silver coin, circulated in Syria, worth about 

 3*. 6rf. 



M>lrei, a com of Portugal = 1000 reis, and worth it. 6c?. The mi) reis 

 of Brazil is reckoned at 3s. Id. only. 



Moeda, a Brazilian gold coin, worth II. 15>. 7</. 



Muhur, a coin of gold in the East Indies. The molmr or gold 

 rupee of the emperor Shah Allum, 1770, was of the value of 

 If. 18*. Oji/. ; the mohur of the same, 1787, It. 13* t^d. ; the sice* 

 gold mohur of Bengal, of 1789, II. 13*. "id. ; the old Bombay mohur, 

 It. lOi. Id.; Surat molmr of the latest coinage. It. !'.. _!,;,'. ; Tippoo's 

 gold rupee, It. 12. 1J</. ; mohur of the Dutch East India Company, 

 1783, 11. 12.. Itf.; ditto, 1797, It. 10. lOJrf. Some of these 1,1,1 

 halves and quarters in proportion. The present mohur is worth 

 II. 9s. 3,rf. 



Moidinre, a former gold coin of Pprtugal, of 4800 reis, of the value 

 of II. Is. 8rf. sterling. 



Napoleon, a gold coin of France, the successor of the l,mi il',,r. of 

 the value of 2" francs. The value is 15*. 10</. ; of the hali-napoleon 

 or 10-franc piece, 7*. lid. ; of the double, or 40-franc piece, \l. 1 1 

 The napoleon weighs 99'564 grains, and contains 89'lil grains of pure 

 gold. 



Noblt, an old English coin, worth 6s. 8d. 



Olian, the largest gold coin of Japan, three times the value of the 

 copang. 



VMi, and ouolirsi, mom 'y* of account in the Ionian Islands; 104 

 oboli = l dollar, worth 4s. 4d, ; 6 obolicci = l oboli, which is worth an 

 English halfpenny. 



(j'-liato, the smallest copper coin of Spain ; it ia reckoned equal to 

 2 maravedis, or the 17th part of a real. 



Oma, a Sicilian gold coin of the value of 30 tari, each taro being 

 subdivided into 20 grani. Its value is about.lOs. 3J</. There is 

 another ouza, of a later coinage, of exactly double the weight and 

 value. 



One de oro, a Spanish gold coin ; the same as the doblon. 



Orn (from the Saxon one, metal), a money of account among the 

 Anglo-Saxons, whatever it might have been in other parts of Europe. 

 In the Domesday Survey, it is used for the ounce, or a twelfth part of 

 the nummulary pound. There appear to have been two sorts of ora in 

 use in the Saxon times, one of sixteen pence to !!>, ,>i ,. tin; other of 

 twenty pence. The ora of Domesday Book Li perpetually valued at 

 twenty |jnce. The ora of sixteen pence was of earlier date. 



Orl, a coin of Norway, called in some parts a mark, and worth 

 about ly. 



,in on the Coromandcl coast, in the East Indies, 

 now disused, of which there were several kinds : namely, the star 



