11 



OOUB 



OBESITY. 



11 



. 

 M tteopatra 



1 1. Th annexed cut (ooL 10)of this obehsk, popuhtriy known 

 in. oelle. will serve to show the appearance of one of these 



Jrisinai* P ^"** 1 ' ** "** *"* ' LuX r ob ^ kt illuj 



""^^trS* 11 * '^'^sl^ta!? wMth 

 iso. of theohebskatbeMof the pyrsmidion, 5 ft 2 in. ; width 

 iff^P"" bM, of Jiafturf base of pyramidion. 7 ft. 87 in., and 

 in.. respectively ; height of shaft to bus of pyramidion, 60 ft. 

 L of pyramidion, 6 ft. 6'8 in.; whole height of shaft, 

 height of pedMtal an.1 plinths, 12 ft ; mmkingthe entire 

 ~5r r~:. "... * n * 1 ""Pports a little over 70 feet. The corres- 

 paodtaf obehsk hM on the ground. This one was some time ago pre- 

 tnted to the British government, but it wai found to be so much 

 damaged as not to be worth the cost of removal. 



The braes* Egyptian obtlUk hitherto brought over to this country 



i that which was removed from the island of I'hilss by Belsoni at the 



W. Bankes, Esq., sad which is now erected at the family seat, 



Kingston Hall, near t* eymouth, Dorsetshire. It is a monolith of red 



Egyptian granite, 22 ft 1 in. in length, sod its larger end, or base, 2 ft. 



Si 3E2' **".<**"* ** k^ 1 * 1 ft- 1 in. H has a peculiar interest 



rtfa Egyptologists, from a Greek inscription on its pedestal having 



IhamnoUion to determine the names of Cleopatra and Ptolemy, 



" toestoid tie alphabet, and to lay the foundation for the future 



decipherment and interpretation of the hieroglyphics." [HIEROOLTPUICS ] 



Tie two .mall obeUs in the British IfuMum are also very inte- 



resting for their inscriptions, which are admirably executed. We 



give cuts of them as illustration* of the manner in which the obelisks 



-: 



m 



it 



5 







Mil 



: the animals are in thbMt 



art they are of greso bMslt, and boot 

 will b* wen have been much bmken. 

 Th obelisk removed by the Fm,ch fn.in b,.f,,re U 



of ^ two ihown " 



ihicroKlvi)hic 



tht 1,11 



1,,. 



h - " "' 



Before the cathedral of Catania, in Sicily, u a small obeUsk, placed 

 Wk of an elciOuuit; and there is one at Aries (see 



' A " n Jl,:->' lmt """ 



so described. In the At Meidan 



Much surprise ha. been expressed by writer, that the Egyptians 

 should have been able to quarry, remove, and raise such -fnmuWof 

 "J"**" . 5** the Egyptians were s people whose culture in the arts 

 shed a high point ; they almost beyond any other |>eople had 

 erienoe in quarrying and working. large masses of granite ; they 

 > familiar with the principles of mechanics, and with mechanical 

 contrivances ; and they had an almost unlimited command of human 

 labour. An examination of Sir J. G. Wilkinsons Ancient Egypt and 

 the Egyptians would remove the difficulty, if we did not seT by the 

 example, afforded by a much less advanced people, the modern Indians, 

 who by the simplest means first quarried and then removed and raised 

 ^' jffiu? ^ Y^tjpjnite monolithic obelisk erected at Seringapatam 

 in 1805, that with sufficient patient well-directed labour such tasks are 

 accomplished with comparative ease. As to the removal of the 

 oMisks-the ^proceedings of BeUoni, of the French in remov, 

 Luxor obelisk, ind especially those of Layard at Nineveh, are still 

 more to the point. For descriptions of the methods adopted, it will 

 be enough to refer to the authorities named below. 



Auynan Obelula. Among the remarkable discoveries made on the 

 site or fa the vicinity of the long-buried Nineveh, the finding of some 

 monoliths resembling obelisks is not the least interesting. That now in 

 the British Museum is the most important. It i. a block of coarse 

 b ack marble, 8 ft. 6 fa. high, 2 ft. wide at the bottom, and 1 f, 

 at top where in the Egyptian obelisk the pyramidion would comi, 

 I be top m this instance, however, instead of sloping off to a point, as 

 in the pyramidion of an Egyptian objlisk, diminishes by three steps, 

 the termination being flat: Mr. Fergvisson suppose, thi. top to bfa 

 model of an Assyrian temple. As in the Egyptian obelisk, the sides of 

 the shaft are narrower than the front and back. As a work 



is both fa design and execution, far inferior to the Egyptian 

 obelisk; but as an historical monument it is of immense value 

 of the sides has five tires of bassi-rilievi, representing the king of 

 Assyra receiving tribute from various conquered nations, consisting of 

 prisoners, rare animals, vases, and other costly articles; and above, 

 between, and below these are, in ,,11, -J10 lines of an iwcription in 

 cuneiform characters, which, as deciphered by Sir H. Rawlinson, was 

 found to give an historical account of 31 years of the reign of Temcn- 

 bar, ending about 885 B.C. 



fio The . Tel 7, curi ou. obeliA at Axum in Abyssinia, a granite monolith 

 ) feet high, but (htTering greatly in form from those of Egypt, is 

 figured Bunder AXUM, fa the QEOO. Div. There were once, it S said 

 lore than 50 of these monoliths at Axum, of which four were equal fa 

 to the one still .landing. It stands on a base of three plinths ; 

 iaa rude sculptures not hieroglyphics, on the side. ; and is terminated 

 Witt a round-topped paters. Its date is not ascertained ; but it has 

 been conjectured to be of Greek workmanship, and contemporaneous 

 with a stone inscribed in rude Greek and, as Mr. Salt conjectures, 

 thiopian characters, of about the year A.D. 300. 

 L ^?* ?', x f'' Zrsptuint; Kgyptia*^ Antiq,,itie>, fa 'Lib. of 



nmrHti^/ r /l /,;,/ , , and the great work of 

 \; Bonomi. .\in 



OBESITY is an excessive accumuktion of fat in various parts of the 

 2? possible to define the boundary beyond which the 

 the body can be called excessive, for person. posMssing it in the 

 ?5 fT ""J^^^ygood health, and thTsTme person 

 different times possess more or lets without any injury to his 

 e calculation, of Dr. Lankester ( Guide to 

 i !i ' S Uth KeMin 8 t on Mu^um) a human body 



H^ P Un , CODtalnB 12 Pound, of fat. This quantity may 

 be exceeded to a very large extent without producing obtlttr 



:STf deVe T!? mnt f the Mpoae may take place at 

 any period of ,fe It is not uncommon in children ; ii far more rare 



a JrU i n .n he ^ F^ f manl " >o<1 ' "* "><* <=o~ 

 e age of 40, at which Ume an increase in the quantity of fat is 

 observed in perhaps the majority of persons. 



The chief accumulations of fat take place beneath the muscles in 

 e SEE T a S d , m< ente '7. >t the heart, on the chest, SPM 

 In all these part, a certain quantity of fat natuWlly cxirt., 

 ' U ""* ^ merel y in <ed; but in Le. o 

 in dtuations where before 



' flbreg o *" mu ~ lM ' 







' - 



effects. 



o ' and tS 

 of muscular tissue that .tout persons 



-, '" "L 80 tn ' e f horee ' aD(l " >* 



capacity to labour as they become fat. Aiu.thvr -vil 



f " tD T^ t ^ t J the heart " teM<i j i 



sue of the body, become, enfeebled, and Uj con- 



" lal j t ^ f , the circulati '' fqu,,,!l.. 



of the chest, and a free action of the abdominal 



' Whioh lead to shortnel of breath on .Tght 



ta stout and iive to good OH 



danger, and their chances of life are 

 - a. amongst person, with a normal [quantity ,,f a.liposc 



