i PALLIUM. 



feck* of cyanide of palladium are precipitated whenever a soluble 

 cyanide is added to palUdium salt Cyanide of palladium U soluble 

 fa solution of cyanide of potassium. forming a double salt, which 

 cry-Alliw. in prisms containing (KCr. PdCy. S Aq). 



.Virreft </ palladium is formed by dissolving th metal in nitric acid. 

 It U not vrry stable, hut by careful manipulation may be obtained in 



PAN. 



140 



/ palta.li.m , 1MO. SO,) may bo produced by boiling the 

 nitrau with sulphuric acid. It U very deliquescen 



y* of palladium. Steel alloyed with one per cent of jalUdiuni 

 U well adapted for making outling instruments that require a per- 

 fectly smooth edge. Four parU copper ami one palladium form a 

 white ductile alloy. One part of palladium gire with six of gold an 

 alloy that u nearly colourleaa. 



Trtti for p*Jlad>mm. The coluur of the iudide, and the production of 

 the cyanide under the circumstance* indicated, are the chief te*U fur 

 pallailiiim. Protoohloride of tin throw* down a black precipitate 

 soluble in hydrochloric add with production uf an intensely green 

 solution. 



PALLIUM. [PAU-] 



I'AI.M i i WIH.IITS AND MEASURE*.] 



HALM-OIL. [Cits, MAM-PACTI-RE or.] 



I'Al.M-SCXDAY, tl- Sunday before Ea*ter, ao named becauae on 

 that day bough* of palm-tree* iiaed to be carried in proceaiion, in 

 iuiiution of those which the Jew* strewed in our Saviour'* way when 

 he went up to Jerusalem. It i* (till customary with our boys, in most 

 part* of Kt^gUiwI to go out and gather alip* with the willow flowers or 

 liliiesnits at thi* time ; theae are aelected as representative* of the 

 pabn, because they are generally the only plants, at thi* season, easily 

 to be come at, in which the power of vegetation can be discovered. 

 Raroaby Qooge, in his 'Popish Kingdoms,' 4to, I ..mi I.. 15/0 (a trans- 

 lation from Naogeorgus), allude* to the use of willow branches, at that 

 time, instead of palm. 



Stow, in hi* Survey of London,' tells us that " in the week before 

 Kaster had ye great showes made for the fetching in nf a tirutrd tree, 

 or i~fA. as they termed it, out of the woods into the king's house, and 

 the like into every man's house of honour or worship." Thin must 

 also have been a substitute for the palm. An instance of the remote 

 antiquity of this practice in England U afforded by the ' Domesday 

 Survey,' under Shropshire, vol. i., p. 252, " Terra ditnid. car. Unus 

 reddit inde/omai hut I'M />i Palmarom." 



These boughs or branches of palin, whatever they might be, under- 

 went a regular bleanng. (See the ' Missale ad Usum Ecclesire Saris- 

 buriensu, 4to, London, 15S5.) In Roman Catholic churches branches 

 of yew are carried and blessed on Palm-Sunday. 



The Russians of the Greek Church have a very solemn procession on 

 Palm-Sunday. 



PALM 1C ACID. [RicixELAloic ACID.] 



PALMIN. [KiouELAlDix.] 



PALMITATE OK MVIUCYL, [BEES-WAX; PALMITIC ACID.] 



PALMITIC ACID (C M H O..HO). Ethalic Arid. Cttylie Acid. 

 (Ilitiic Acid. An organic acid belonging to the family represented by 

 acetic acid. It is found in the free state in palm oil ; in combination 

 in bees wax, spermaceti, and human fat, and may be artificially 

 obtained by the action of hot alkalies upon ethal or oleic acid. 



To prepare the acid from palm oil, the latter must be saponified by 



crystal 



lies. The palmitic acid crystallises out whilst the oleic acid remains 

 in solution ; the latter acid is however only removed after several 

 re-crystal liiati.'n*. 



Palmitic acid is a colourless, crystalline, inodorous and tasteless solid. 

 It is insoluble in water, upon which it floats, but very soluble in 

 boiling alcohol and ether. It fuses at 1 44* Fahr., and volatilises with- 

 out residue at a high temperature. By long exposure to air at an 

 derated temperature it is said to loee carbon and hydrogen, and to be 

 transformed into palmiKmir acid (C^H^O.) but this is doubtful. 



Palmitic acid unites with bases forming salt*, which have the general 

 formula: 



With the exception of the salts of the alkalies, all the palmitates are 

 insoluble in water. 



Palmitic acid also unite* with glycerin, forming the following 

 compounds: 



Mooopalmltui C,,H,,O. 



Diptlmltla C,,H,,0,, 



TctrapalmlUo C.,.11,,.0,. 



Tetrapalmitin is said to be identical with the natural compound of 

 palmitic acid with glycerin palmitin, the formula of which is 

 generally written C. H M O r 



The following are some of the most important of the remaining 

 compounds of palmitic acid. 



Pslmltle etbrr C,,!!,^^!!,)!). 



PalmiUU of cctjl, or utln . . . C lt H,,(C 

 Pauolut* of nrrlcvl, or mvrlcin . . C lt H l( (( 



PALMITIC ETHER. [PALMITIC ACID.] 



PALMITIC OROUP. A small family of organic compounds con- 

 taining the radical palmityl or its derivatives. The following are the 

 most important of theae compounds. [PALMITIC SERIES.] 



Hrdride of palmltTl or wtjrlic aldchrde 

 I'almitunc or rthalone . . . . 



Palmitic acid 



. r.,11.,,0,, II 

 ( '.i."ji. Cj,H,,O. 



PALMITIC SERIES. A division of organic bodies in Qerhard's 

 system of classification, homologous with the acetic series of bodies. 

 It is divided into two groups, namely 



Palmitic croup. 



Olclc group. 



The palmitic group is homologous with the formic and acetic groups, 

 whilst the oleic group has its homologues in the acrylic and angelio 

 groups. 



PALMITIX. [PALMITIC ACID.] 



PALMITONE. [PALMITIC GROUP.] 



PALMITONIC ACID. [PALMITIC ACID.] 



PALMITYL. [PALMITIC GROIT.] 



PALSY. [PARALYSIS.] 



PAN, a deity of the Greek mythology, whose country was Arcadia. 

 He is said by Houier to be the son of Hermes by the daughter of 

 Dryops ; but other writers, while calling Hermes his father, give him 

 a different mother ; while some make him to have been of dill. -i vnt 

 descent on the side of father as well as mother. He was the tutelar 

 jjod of the shepherds. Pan is sometimes represented with sprouting 

 horns, a goat's beard, a goat's tail, and goat's feet, holding the syrinx, a 

 kind of musical pipe, which he was said to have invented. But in 

 oMur Greek art he is often without these animal appendages ; as in the 

 terminal statue in the British Museum. The satyrs are his attendants ; 

 and hence they are sometimes called Pones. In Greek art he is figured 

 with nymphs and satyrs as well as alone. Pan is mentioned in the 

 early mythi as having been present at the battle of the Titans, win .m 

 he assisted in routing by frightening them by a wild noise which he 

 produced by blowing in a sea-shell. He was also said to have accom- 

 panied Bacchus to India, and that upon one occasion, by uttering a 

 loud scream, which was repeated by the echoes, he scared away the 

 enemy. From these incidents the expression " panic fear," meaning a 



terror produced by no obvious or sufficient cause, appears to have been 

 derived. He is sometimes represented as the god of terror. Pan was 

 worshipped at Athens and most other Greek cities. His worship was 

 introduced into Italy at on early period, where he was identified with 

 an earlier god, Inuus ; and festivals, called Lupercalia, were instituted 



