471 



PHRENOLOGY. 



PHRENOLOGY. 



.... ' 



, . 



behind the ear and th piuo of the occipital 



Amcmm. 

 Combe, hcim. I. fropauitut. 



1. 1. AmatiTCMM. 

 1. . rtiiloproceniti' 

 1. . Inlnl.lllniim. 

 4. . Adbf.li.nr-. 



4. . CombatlrrnrM. 



. DentnutlTenesa. 



9. . Srcretivrnen. 



5. . AoquiMUTeneu. 



7. . CoMtrurtiTeneM. 

 II. Sentiment*. 



10. 10. Self-Eateem. 



11. 11. Lore of Approbation, 

 11. 11. Cautiounneu. 



11. 1J. Benevolence. 



14. 14. Veneration. 



15. IS. Pirmnena. 



17. 16. ConadenUoatncu. 



15. 17. Hope. 



IS. Marrellousness. 



16. 19. Ideality. 



3J. 20. Mirthfulnnw or Gay- 



ness (Wit). 



SI. 11. Imitation. 



2. n.ituj.nyetiitiniiftt is the faculty which produces the feeling of 

 lore toward* offspring. The evidence by which this is admitted as a 

 fundamental faculty of the mind may afibrd an example of the applies 

 tion of the seven rales already given for determining them. There are 

 many <mimJ which take no care of their progeny, as reptiles and fiith, 

 and, among birds, the cuckoo. In many species of animals the females 

 alone take care of their offspring, as among cats, cattle, sheep, 4c., and 

 in general, even when both parents protect their young, the attach- 

 ment of the mother is the stronger. The love of offspring bears no 

 proportion to the other mental faculties, but is shared alike by men 

 and brutes, and among the former is often felt an intensely by the 



' most degraded as by the m.vt exalted of the species. The love of 

 oftspring is sometimes, on the ,-ontrary, almost completely suppressed. 

 Cam of insanity have not un.Vequently occurred in which parental 

 lore was lost or greatly dirainiahc.1 ; while others are recorded in which 

 the love of offspring has been aim t the only feeling which remained 

 unimpaired. The seat of this or, -an is directly above the middle of 

 that of ainativeness ; and the cucr ;y of the faculty is indicated by the 

 general protuberance of the ooci )itJ bone. Though placed in the 

 middle of the head, this organ is . >f course, like all the others, double, 

 and extends to an equal distance c.i each side of the median line. 



8. InkalntittmtM. The existence of this, the .propensity to inhabit 

 [articular regions or countries, which produce* the love of home, and 

 which dctenuiiir* in each *peci*i the dwelling and mode of life which 

 is best adapted to it, u regarded as doubtful Dr. Qall placed in thix 

 ituation toe organ of pride in man, and that of the instinct in animals 

 which prompts them to seek and inhabit the height* of mountain* or 

 t. , fly high in the air, believing that faculties which are merely physical 

 in brute* may become moral in man, and that there is an analogy 

 between tin feeling* which prompt to the pursuit of moral and those 

 which excite tbo dwirc of physical elevation. Mr. Combe and many 

 of the Edinburgh school of phrenology name thin the organ of con- 

 centrstireoe**, believing that it correspond* to the faculty of main- 

 t lining two or more power* in limultaneou* and combined activity so 

 that they may be directed towards one object, a faculty disposing to 

 sedentary pursuit*, and a clow and steady attention, especially by 

 meditation, to a given object. At present it U agreed that the vf- 



fleno* is huoffloient fur the complete establishment of either of the** 

 opinion*. 



4. AdlummuH is the propensity to attachment or friendship, by 

 which individual* of the same or different LiiuU are induced to asso- 

 ciate together, and which oau*e* men to be attached to the various 

 object* amongst which they am placed. It* object* are disinterested 

 frtondabip, marriage, society, and attachment in general. The organ 

 of thi* faculty i* believed to be situated at No. 4, immediately above 

 and to the outer aide of that of philoprofreoitivene**. 



6. CYiMioii'muw i* the natural duponitjou which men and amm.ili 

 feel in various degree* to quarrel or light In order to discov 

 organ. Dr. Gall is (aid to Lave been in tin) habit of calling together 

 boy* from the street* to endeavour to make them fight. Ihera were 

 of course some who were fund of it, and other* who were peaceable 

 mxl timid : in tin- f.trmer the part of the head marked fl win promi- 

 nent ; in the latter it was flattened or depressed. The same difference 

 i* said to exist in the formation of this part, in corrcspoudanc 

 the strength of thi* disposition in the several specie* of animals, and 

 remarkably in the different varieties of doc*. 



6. Datmftirtmu, or the propensity to destroy, U the feeling which 

 U gratified by any kind or mode of destruction. Spunheim ascribed 

 to it the tendency to all kind* of destruction, whatever were their 

 object*, or the mode in which they were effected. Thus defined, the 

 propensity to murder i* but one of the directions which the disposi- 

 tion for destruction may take, and one from wlii :h in a conscientious and 

 benevolent man it would always be diverted. In such a man this pro- 

 pensity will be exercised for an innocent or even a useful end, as the 

 procuring of food by the slaughter of animals, Ac. ; in another, in 

 whom it* influence is leas counterbalanced, there will exist an indiit'i-r- 

 ence to the suffering and calamities of others, or even a positive 

 pleasure in beholding or contemplating them; in a third, in whom 

 it U unrestrained, it may break out in act* of violence and love of 

 blood-shedding in every form. In the diseased condition of it* organ 

 this propensity U regarded aa the source of the irresistible desire for 

 the destruction of life, of which BO many lamentable example* an 

 known, and which is commonly called homicidal monomania. The 



it of the organ of destructivcneas is on each side of the head im- 

 mediately above the ear, at No. 6 ; and its various degree* of develop- 

 ment may be seen in a comparison of the width at this part of the 

 heads of carnivorous and herbivorous animals. 



I. Stcrtlireneti is the propensity to act in a clandestine manner ; to 

 conceal emotion, and to be secret in thoughts, words, things, and pro- 

 ject*. Its most frequent bad results are cunning and hypocrisy ; and 

 the most usual direction which it take* for good ends is prudence. The 

 organ of this propensity U immediately above that of destnictiveness, 

 at No. 7. (In the cant* made in accordance with the enumeration of 

 thu faculties employed by Mr. Combe, in the early edition* of hia 

 ' System of Phrenology,' this organ i* marked 9.) 



8. Acquititivcnca is the propensity to acquire. Its organ being 

 found very large in notorious thieves, Dr. Gall conceived that there 

 was a natural disposition to theft. Dr. Spurzhcim, on the nth. T h.md, 

 make* no limitation as to the purpose or mode of acquisition, which 

 he believes to be determined in each case by the degrees in which the 

 several other faculties are developed. Variously modified, the pro- 

 pensity leads in some to the prudent accumulation of property by 

 honest means ; in others, to avaricious and purposeless money-making 

 by any method ; in other*, to theft or fraud. The seat of it* organ i* 

 at the back part of the temple*. 



9. Conttructiratcn is the faculty which lead* to construction of all 

 kinds : guided by it birds build their nasta, rabbits burrow, beaver* 

 make their huts ; and men are directed by it to manufactures, the 

 pr.ic.tice of the several branches of the fine arts, building, ami various 

 manual operations. It* organ is sibilated at the lower part of the 

 temple, at 9. 



10. Self-atcem 1* the sentiment which gives an individual a high 

 opinion of himself, which in excess produces pride and arrogance, and 



moderate and modified by other superior faculties imparts 

 dignity to the mind, and renders it hostile to everything that Is mean 

 or degrading. In a state of derangement the morbid excitement of this 

 faculty leads the insane to imagine themselves exalted to thrones or to 

 divinity. The seat of it* organ is at the middle of the upper .-md back 

 part of the head (10), directly above inhabitivcnen (3), with which J )r. 

 Uall (as already mentioned) confounded it. 



I 1 . Love of Approbation, according to Dr. Spurzheim, is the 

 ment which makes us regard the opinion entertained "f us, and induce* 

 the question What will the world or the people say I It is fond of 

 approbation in general, without attending to the manner of acijiiiring 

 it; and may therefore be dire- : t <i the holiest import 



a* well as to such as are of no moment, or are even hurtful. Ambition 

 is the distinguishing epithet of it* agency, if the subject a-i 

 of great importance ; vanity, if claim be laid to distinction on the 

 score of trifles. The organ i seated on each side of self-esteem ; when 

 much developed it generally elongates the upper aud back part of tho 

 head, but is sometimes spread out laterally so as to widen rather than 

 lengthen it. 



1 _'. i 'i-'ti'numtta Is the disposition of the mind which leads a man or 

 an animal to take precautions in whatever he has to do ; " it doubts, 

 say* but, and continually exclaims, take tare " (Spurzheim). When too 



