131 



TKRFATIAJf MET: 



TERMINAL. 



and approach somewhat to the prose of natural conversation, a* Cicero 

 has hiuuelf remarked (' Orator.,' 55). That what we now say may In- 

 put to the tt, we will give a lut of those word* requiring al ' 

 tion which mo*t commonly occur, observing at the name time that a 

 word at the end of an iambic trimeter, or after a monosyllable. is 

 often to be pronounced with all iU syllables, though elsewhere liable 

 to contraction. Of thU an example may be seen in the tenth lino of 

 the prologue already referred to, which contain* both nvrtrit and 

 on< : 



THAT 

 pater 



laermma (umo. 



diet 



rgo 



rone 



tact 

 qmbta 



UK 

 tiK 



ibi 



ten. Compare the genitive. 

 pire. Compare parririda. 

 r, as in French. 



Compare fit = nl'n and inrtlia = inmtHiu. 

 Compare the French forme and termnt, from 



tatramtntim. 

 05171', u in Italian. 

 jet. Compare jowr, journfc. 

 ya. Compare Italian to. 



MM. Compare Cicero's story about the word cauntai. 

 lai, as in French, tail. 



quit. Compare the loss of b in the dat. pi. of the first and 

 second declensions. 



W = i or y, 



obi 

 jibe 



1 



L 



. f 



J 



Compare the Romance, Italian, Fr., Sp., and 

 miAi = wit. 



= at. 

 --)*. 



-. in. 



rtdi 



maijit 



minui 



aliut 



faeere 



riffilare 



ride 



. > 



lint 



duo 



bonui = 



Compare mai It., mail Fr., mot Sp, 



as in French. 



Compare the perfect juut. 



Compare the French en, and Latin rfo'n, exiv, for 



deinde, ejcinde, &c. 

 = ret. 



i . 



= mint. 



= a/yt<. Compare Greek oAAot, and Sanskrit aiiya. 

 = /ore. Compare Fr., It., Sp. 

 = riyliare. Compare Fr., It. 

 = ti. Compare Fr. roi-ci, roi-la. 

 = now*. Compare Greek not, English new. 

 = '. Compare Fr., It., Sp. 

 = do. Compare Greek Su-teita, Fr., Eng. 

 il or It, &c. Compare It, Fr., Sp. 

 bon, 

 tommet, 



bent = ben. 



male mal. 

 homo = hommc, as in French. 

 rei = re. Compare the forms of the fifth declension used by 



Caesar, Virgil, &c. 

 puer = pur or pot: Compare Greek wtus, Spartan *otp, Latin 



Lueipor. 

 = tut or 10,. 1 Com It F g and also the formB u>ed 



STfiTStfi ^E--.^ in Greek. 



/nil = /<. Compare It., Fr., and Latin /ore. 



ani'muf dmut. Compare It., Fr. 



atinut = anut. Compare Fr. 



edepol = epof. Compare ecattor, ecere, 4c. 



%ere = /ere. Compare Fr. 



ocii/u* = (rilut. Compare Fr. 



generii = yenrit. Compare Fr. 



aperire = aprire. Compare It., Fr., Sp. 



opera = opra. Compare the form in Eunius, and Fr., Sp. 



nmilii = ttm'lit. Compare Fr. Kmtile, Eug. retemble. 



tamen = ta'n. Compare tametti for tamenetii, and tandem for 



tamendem. 



ulii/uit alquit. Compare It. atcunn, Fr. aucini, from aliquu-unui. 

 hujitt = hit. Compare the abbreviation of null i in into nulliut and 



nulli. 

 eJHi * it. 



For a more detailed exhibition of these words, see ' Journal of Edu- 

 cation,' vol. ii., p. 344 ; and on the subject of Latin prosody generally, 

 the same work, voL iv., p. 836. 



It should be added, that of modern editors, Hermann, Bothe, Linde- 

 mann, UiUchl, and Fleckeisen, alone seem to have a distinct idea of the 

 nature of the metres of Terence and I'lautus; for all that baa been said 

 applies to Plautus as well as Terence. The author of the 'Varrnia- 

 iius' borrowed his article on the subject, and that without acknow- 

 ledgment, from the ' Penny Cyclopoxlia' and the pnper in the J 



ication;' all, at least, except the paragraph about putlia, and 

 that, oddly enough, is the one paragraph in the mid cK.,pi.r which 

 the recent editor of Terence has justly condemned. Among older 

 writers, Bentley certainly pouemed a clearer insight into the subject 

 than some of bis notes would lead one to suppose. That this is the 

 case U proved by an anecdote in Bishop Monk's ' Life ' of that scholar. 

 The reverend doctor, dining at a friend's house in London, kept the 

 cntlemeii longer over their wine than was thought proper by the 

 ladies in the drawing-room, and added to the scandal when his voice 



was heard, even above stairs, in what was supposed to be a song to the 

 tune of ' Unfortunate Miss Bailey.' The doctor was only reading to 

 them some specimen of Terence's Comic Septenorius, or, to use a 

 harder phrase, the Iambic Tetrameter dialectic. 



TKKKI'llTIUI.tr ACID. [Ti-RpEXTWE.1 



TKKKTINIC ACID. [Tn 



TEKM (Algebra). A simple term in an algebraical expression means 

 all that involves multiplication, division, and extraction of roots without 

 addition or subtraction. Thus in the expression 



a4.r-2a&r + *Jab . x>, 



the terms ore a*b*x*, Sair 1 , and \fab.x*. But compound quantiti, 

 are also called terms when they ore put in such a form that addii : i,- 

 and subtractions ore subordinate to subsequent multiplication, division, 

 or extraction. Thus, 



(a + &)*+*+ t/(a t -b').xy 



has two terms, (a + i), 2*+', and 

 altered into 



'-b') .xy. If the form be 



the expression then has three terms. Most frequently, however, there 

 is one letter in powers of which the whole expression is arranged, and 

 then all that involves any one power of this principal letter is a term. 

 Thus a + bx + c.c + cx* has three terms, namely, a, (6 + c)x, and ac*. 



When one quantity is said to be expressed in terms of another, it 

 generally means merely that the first is to be an explicit FUNCTION of 

 the second. Thus, in x + y = a, we have expressed x+y in terms of a : 

 deduce y=a-x, and we have y expressed in terms of a and x. This 

 is the distinction between y being expressed in terms of x, and y being 

 a function of x : if, for instance, y = a :, z=x*+x, y is a function of 

 x, but it is not expressed in terms of x, but of : ; substitute f < 

 value, and y is then expressed in terms of x. It is to be remembered 

 that by saying that a quantity in expressed in terms of x, it is not 

 meant that x is the ouly letter which enters, but that no other letter 

 if there be any, is a function of x. Thus, in the preceding, where we 

 obtain y ax x*, y is expressed in terms of x if a be no function of 

 .f. But if a be a function of x, say x* + x, then y is not expressed in 

 terms of x, until the value of a has been substituted, giving y = X s x 1 . 



TEKSL The law Terms ore those portions of the year during which 

 the courts of common law sit for the dispatch of business. Tli< 

 four in number, and are called Hilary Term, Easter Term, Trinity 

 Term, and Michaelmas Term : they take their names from those 

 festivals of the Church which immediately precede the commencement 

 of each. Various acts of parliament have been passed relative to the 

 regulation of the Terms. The statute which now determines them is 

 the 11 Geo. IV. & 1 Win. IV. c. 70,amended by 1 Wm. IV. c. 3. hu-h 

 enacts that Hilary Term shall begin on the llth and end on the 31st 

 of January ; Easter begin on the 15th of April and end on the 8th of 

 May ; Trinity begin on the 22nd of May and end on the 12th of June ; 

 Michaelmas begin on the 2nd and end on the 25th of November. 

 Monday U in all cases substituted for Sunday when the first day of 

 Term falls on Sunday. During Term four judges sit in each court, 

 and are occupied in deciding pure matters of law only, without the 

 intervention of a jury. The courts ore empowered howtv.rt.. h. .Id 

 sittings out of Term for the purpose of disposing of the business then 

 pending and undecided before them. 



TERM OF YEARS signifies the estate and interest which pass to 

 the person to whom an estate for years is granted by the owner of the 

 fee, [ESTATE.] 



TERMINAL. We cannot say that this torni u used in mathematics 

 to the extent to which we shall carry it; but the very great court ni- 

 ence which would arise from an extension of its use is sufficient justi- 

 fication for coining a few new meanings. Term is a word of geometry 

 very little used, and signifying boundary or extremity ; the won 

 minal value and terminal form are sometimes used to signify the last 

 and most complete value or form. When a finite expression, ml 

 a certain number of terms of a series, makes up the equivalent of the 

 expression from which the series is deduced, or stands for all the sub- 

 sequent terms of the series, this finite expression might be called the 

 terminal expression. Thus in Taylor's Theorem we have one terminal 

 expression in D'Alembert's form, another in that of Lagrange. 



There is also another use of the word, which would convey a dis- 

 tinction much wanting words to express it : we allude to what might 

 be called terminal language. All tin >\^ < tin \v,>nl* infinitely small 

 and infinitely great [!NHXITK; LIMIT] is entitled to this name; as 

 follows : When we say, for example, that a circle ii a, regular polygon 

 with an infinitely great nniul . T <>i" infinitely small sides, the language 

 used is that of an end arrived at, a transformation actually made ; the 

 circle is described as actually consisting of xtraight lines ; and tho 

 language is terminal (expressive of a boundary actually attained). But 

 the meaning of this language is, or is generally held to lie, false: no 

 polygon is a circle, how great soever the number, or how small soever 

 the magnitude, of the sides. '1 In- ]ir..p...-iti.iii which ia really 

 that in, over wliieli all shake hand*, whatever their notion of infinity 

 may be, is that the terminal proposition, true or false, is one to which 

 an interminable and unlimited degree of approximation may be made. 

 An inscribed regular polygon may, with sides enough, be made to 



