CENSUS OF THK UNITED KINGDOM. 



i are necessarily imperfect. However, in England, returns were 

 nt from 1 4,077 churohe* belonging to the Church o( EngUnd, and 

 from 30.390 placet of worship belonging to other religious bodies. 

 The forma iatued required information as to the religious dennmina- 

 tioa of the body ; M to the number of place* of worship, the number of 

 sitting* contained in them ; the number of attendant* at the morning, 

 afternoon, and evening service* on March 80, 1881; with the number 

 of place* of worship actually open on that day, and the number of 

 available Kitting*. The result gave the following tbirty-liz clcno- 



[ Scottiah Presbyterians. 



CENSUS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. 



7JI 



ii, !:- 



Wealeyan Methodist*. 



Calvinistic Methodists. 



1. Church of EngUnd and Ireland. 

 3. Church of Scotland, 



3. United Presbyterian Synod, 



4. Presbyterian Church in EngUnd 



5. Independent*, or Congregational!***. 



'. >.,:.. : . 



7. Particular 



8. Seventh Day 



9. Scotch 



10. New Connexion General 



11. Society of Friend*. 



12. Unitarians. 



18. Moravian*, or United Brethren. 



14. Original Connexion 



15. New Connexion 



16. Primitive Methodist* 



17. Bible Christians 



18. Wealeyan Association 

 10. Independent Methodists 



20. Wealeyan Reformers 



21. Welsh Calvinistic Methodists 



22. Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion 



23. Sandemanians, or GUasites. 



34. New Church. 



35. Brethren. 

 20. Lutherans. 



27. German Protestant Reformers. 



23. Reformed Church of the Netherlands. 



29. French Protestants. 



80. Roman Catholics. 



81. Greek Church. 

 32. German Catholics. 

 S3. Italian Reformers. 



84. Catholic and Apostolic Church. 



85. Latter-day Saint*, or Mormons. 

 84. Jew*. 



Of the total 34,467 places in EngUnd making any return, there were 

 1394 in which the return* were in some respects incomplete. Perfect- 

 ing these by estimate, it would appear that there were on the whole 

 4,647,482 morning attendances, 3,184,135 attendances in the afternoon, 

 and 3,064,449 in the evening. The number of sittings available in the 

 morning was 8,498,520, which may be taken as the total provision for 

 the accommodation of worshippers; the smaller number of sitting* 

 returned for afternoon and evening arising, no doubt, from sen-ice nut 

 being performed three times a day in very many case*. Of the gross 

 number of attendances, which amounted to 10,896,066, there were 

 5,292,551 to the Church of England ; 80,510 to the various Presby- 

 terian places of worship ; 1,214,059 to those of IndejwndenU ; 930,190 

 to Baptist; 22,478 to Quaker; KOJM1 to Unitarian; 10,874 to Mo- 

 ravian; 2,417,353 to the various branches of Wesleynnism ; 308,754 

 to the Calvinistic; 756, Sandemanian ; 10,352, New Church; 17,592 

 Brethren ; and 104,675, of isoUted congregations. Of the Lutherans, 

 French and German Protestants, there were 2078 attendances ; of K nun 

 Catholic*, 388,630 ; of German Catholics, Italian Reformers, and the 

 Apostolic Church, 8262 ; of Mormons, 35,626 ; and of Jews, 6030. 



In Scotland, on the same day, including an estimate for defective 

 returns, the place* of worship were 3895; the number of sittings 

 available, 1,834,805; and the total number of attendant* in the morn- 

 ing was 948,951 ; in the afternoon, 619,863 ; and in the evening, 

 188,874. The number of denominations were more numerous than in 

 EngUnd, amounting to 40 ; but the number of the members was very 

 small. The various branches of the Presbyterian church furnished 

 71,S74 of the morning attendants, 642,620 in the afternoon, and 



130,468 in the evening. Of the remainder, the Episcopal Church 

 fumiKhed 43,904 total attendant* ; the Independents, 70,531 ; the 

 Baptists, 20,958 ; the Wealeyan*, 31,676 ; the Roman Catholic.-, 79,823 ; 

 while the remainder only number from a few hundred each, down to 

 the Jews, who amount to seven. 



The above returns, though interesting, it must be distinctly under- 

 stood, fail to present an accurate view of the state of religious parties 

 in Great Britain. In the first place, there are many minor distil. 

 of sect* which have not been attended to ; the estimates fur inn 

 returns are made on the same principle for all the sects, no allowance 

 is made for variance of manners and customs; for instance, with 

 Presbyterians, most attend the morning and afternoon services, but 

 the evening service U, in many cases, only attended by those who are 

 unable to attend earlier ; in the Church of England, the majority of 

 those who attend morning service do not attend again, or if they do, 

 it is in the evening, and in very many country parishes there is only 

 one service a day. Still, though inaccurate in details, the returns can- 

 not fail to show the great features of the chief religious bodice existing 

 among us. 



The Census of 1851 also collected some information respecting 

 the state of education ; but as there are a variety of other return* on 

 the same subject, the whole will be better treated of under the head 

 of SCHOOLS ; the results connected with the inquiries as to the number 

 of the blind, are given under BUND, CENSUS or; and dumb persons, 

 their ages, distribution, 4o., will be better spoken of in the article 

 DEAF AND DUMB. 



With respect to Ireland, the circumstance brought out with most 

 startling prominence was the remarkable decrease in the population 

 since the previous Census. Up to that of 1841 each decennial Census 

 of the half-century had shown a steady if not rapid increase of the 

 population. That of 1851 showed that during the past ten years the 

 gain of the previous 20 had been more than undone. In 1821 the 

 total population of Ireland was 6,801,827 ; in 1851 it was only 6,551,970. 

 And the returns further showed that this decrease was general as 

 compared with 1841 ; and even as compared with 1821, the only excep- 

 tions were some two or three places in Ulster, in each of which, from 

 causes easily understood, there had been a continuous increase of 

 inhabitants during the half century. The Urge falling off of tin | fil- 

 iation between 1841 and 1851 was mainly owing to the <li* 

 famine which afflicted Ireland in 184547, in consequence of the 

 failure of the potato crop ; partly, however, it was due to emigration, 

 which, in its turn, had been greatly stimulated by the failure of the 

 potato, and the consequent agricultural distress* The total emigration 

 from Ireland during the ten years between 1841 and 1851 is estimated 

 to have amounted to 1,289,183, "varying with considerable regularity 

 according to the variations in the state of the labouring classes, 

 the sake of presenting in one view the increase and decrease of the 

 population of Ireland, we append a table of the number of inli: 

 in the four provinces at each decennial Census from 1821 to 1861. 



>nox. 



The decrease of population was, as might be expected, most m.u k< ! 

 in the rural district*. In several of the large towns the census of 1861 

 showed an actual increase of population, while scarce any showed a 

 falling off, a circumstance arising no doubt from the famishing poor 

 having crowded into them in the. hope of obtaining employment or of 

 finding relief. Dublin city, which in 1821 contained 185,881 inhabitants, 

 had 232,726 in 1841, ami 258,361 in 1851. Cork, though it showed a 

 decline of nearly 15,000 between 1821 and 1851, showed an increase of 

 above 1000 from 1841. Belfast had more than doubled in population 

 between 1821 and 1851, and between 1841 and 1851 had increased 

 from 75,808 to 100,300. Galway town, which between 1831 and 1841 

 had fallen in population from 33,120 to 17,275 had increased in 1861 

 to 23,695. 



AREA, HOCSM, AKD POKTLATIOJ, os MARCH 81sT, 1881. 



