1017 



COHESION. 



COHORT. 



1018 



they must be protected from the effects of humidity. Hornbeam, or 

 box-wood, are the materials best fitted for this purpose. Cog-wheels 

 should be greased, and a little black-lead may be mixed with the grease ; 

 but oil should not be applied to them. (See Camus, ' Treatise on the 

 Teeth of Wheels,' translated by Hawkins, Lond. 1842 ; Buchanan's 

 ' Essay on the Teeth of Wheels,' Lond. 1808, &c.) 



COHESION. [ATTRACTION.] 



COHESION, MAGNETIC. [MAGNETISM.] 



COHORT was a division of the Roman legion. The term (cohere, 

 or chors, the Greek xopros) originally signified an enclosure for sheep 

 or poultry, and was afterwards used to designate the number of men 

 which could stand within such an enclosure. The Roman legion, as 

 well as the citizens at the census [CENSUS], was subdivided into centuries. 

 A century did not always consist of a hundred ; the number varied. 

 A legion consisted of ten cohorts ; each cohort contained three 

 maniples, and each maniple two centuries ; hence there were thirty 

 maniples and sixty centuries, and in the whole legion there must have 



been sixty centurions. The different centurions received names indi- 

 cative of their rank. Of the two centurions in a maniple, one ranked 

 before the other, and had the title prior ; the second was called posterior. 

 The first centurion of the first maniple had the charge of the eagle, 

 the great standard of the legion ; he was ranked with the equites. He 

 was called centurio primi pili (Livius, xxv., 19), or simply primus 

 centurio, or primus pilus (Ctcsar, ' De Bell. Gall.' ii. 25). The office 

 was lucrative, but it was not always the reward of merit ; favour or 

 money in some cases procured it (Cicero, ' Pis." 36) ; under the emperors 

 it was bestowed generally from caprice (Vegetius, xi. 3, in Pitiscus, 

 ' Lexic. Antiq. Rom.') The badge of a centurion was a vine rod, which 

 the soldiers sometimes felt (Tacitus, ' Ann.' i. 23). 



The cohortes alares, or alarisc (Liv. x. 40, 43), were the troops of 

 the auxiliaries and the allies which were stationed iu the wings (alie). 



The cohors prtctoria was a select band which usually attended the 

 pnctor (Sallustius, ' Catil.' c. 60 ; Pitiscus, ' Lexicon Antiquit. Rom., 

 in Cohors, Centurio.') 



END OF VOLUME II. 



BRADBPBY AND EVANS, PRINTER*, WUITUTBJ4M. 



