164 ADMINTSTRATIVE SECTION 



Camden fever. In order to ensure a safe supply of milk 

 they had determined to gradually put into force a scheme 

 for the pasteurization of the total milk supply of the city. 

 With that in view the milk dealers were notified about two 

 years ago that such a scheme would be put into force*and 

 last year it was put into effect. A new system of rules and 

 regulations was adopted by which the milk was graded. 

 Broadly speaking, there were three grades of milk : Grade 

 A, which was intended for infant feeding; Grade B, which 

 was food for adults, but not regarded as suitable for infant 

 feeding; and Grade C, which was cooking milk. When a 

 milk dealer in New York made an application for permits 

 he made application to sell a certain grade of milk Grade 

 A, Grade B, or Grade C and he stated where the dairies 

 were from which his milk was to be derived. Those dairies 

 were then inspected, they were grouped by grades, and the 

 dairyman was then notified of the grade of milk he could 

 sell, whether it was Grade A, Grade B, or Grade C. In 

 Grade A was certified or guaranteed milk which was high- 

 class milk. Certified milk in New York was only a very 

 small quantity. It was very expensive,, costing 15 to 25 

 cents a quart, and could be only used by people who were 

 very well-to-do. Grade B milk was also pasteurized milk 

 which was inspected and pasteurized. It cost only 9 or 

 10 cents a quart and was good quality milk. Grade B milk 

 was intended for adults. The distinction was made because 

 they found after a long study of tuberculosis that the danger 

 of infection to adults by tuberculous milk was almost 

 nothing. They studied 500 cases and the only cases of 

 infection by bovine bacillus were found in young children. 

 In young children they were found to be very common, but 

 in no single one of nearly 400 cases of adult tuber- 

 culosis which were studied was bovine tuberculosis found, 

 and as the application of the tuberculin test amongst the 

 herds was a very expensive process and would increase the 

 price of milk considerably, it was felt unwise to compel 

 that for anything except the milk which was to be used 

 for infants, therefore Grade B milk was not tested for 

 tuberculin. Grade C milk was cooking milk. At the present 

 time about half of the total milk supply of New York 

 about one million quarts was pasteurized. In all those 

 places where Grade C was sold there was a notice: " The 

 only milk sold here is cooking milk," and that cooking 

 milk was furnished in cans which were specially marked. 

 It was hoped, within the next year or year and a half, that 

 practically the whole supply of milk, excepting the guaran- 



