DR. G. R. PISEK'S PAPER 339 



First, education of mothers in the care and feeding 

 of their babies demonstrated to be practical through 

 infant centres known as milk stations. 



Second, clean milk at a low cost to the poor a 

 necessity made possible by the Committee's ex- 

 periment in clean milk production along lines laid 

 down by Dr. Charles E. North, Chairman of the 

 Committee's Sub-committee on Public Health and 

 Sanitation. The type of milk thus produced is now 

 used by the municipal milk stations. 



Third, the elaboration of a set of milk standards 

 as to cleanliness and safety, these being essential 

 for the guidance of producers, dealers, consumers, 

 and officials. 



Fourth, effective organic co-operation of all public 

 and private infant welfare agencies with the milk 

 station work, thus making the milk station a centre 

 of infant welfare activity and promoting efficiency in 

 giving the best results without waste of effort. 



Fifth, a campaign of pre-natal supervision con- 

 ducted in connection with the milk stations, in which 

 the effort is directed to reduce the waste of infant 

 lives by preventing stillbirths and reducing the 

 mortality during the first month of life by preventing 

 premature births, securing stronger and healthier 

 babies and making maternal nursing possible. 



In 1908 we were serving modified milk to poor 

 mothers who could not nurse their babies. In an 

 endeavour to ascertain which form of the milk was 

 best adapted to the purpose, four stations used raw 

 milk and three used the same milk pasteurized. The 

 results justified the belief that when the milk supply is 

 carefully guarded, raw milk is best, but in supplying a 

 large city with milk, the difficulty of so guarding the 

 milk is so great at the present time, that it has been 

 decided that pasteurizing is advisable till the general 

 quality of the milk has been raised to a better average 

 standard. 



