DR. G. R. PISEK'S PAPER 341 



infant mortality, milk stations may be grouped into 

 three classes : 



First, those giving instruction in the principles 

 and methods of home modification, including the care 

 of milk by the consumer. 



Second, those dispensing modified milk plus 

 instruction in hygiene, &c. 



Third, those supplying modified milk without 

 instruction. 



That this first method is effective in saving baby 

 lives may be demonstrated by the results of our 

 campaign in New York City in 1911. In station 

 districts that year the death-rate among the babies 

 enrolled at the stations was only half that in districts 

 at large. The general rate in one tenement district 

 was reduced from 148-5 in 1910, when there was no 

 station, to 99*1 in 1911 under station supervision. 



This campaign conducted by the Milk Committee 

 was so successful that the City of New York was 

 induced to appropriate sufficient money to carry on the 

 York under the division of child hygiene. That it 

 is being most creditably carried on I am pleased to 

 testify. 



In order to make the milk station a success among 

 the very poor of the tenement districts, it was 

 necessary to secure milk of first quality at a price 

 within the reach of these people which at the same 

 time would not tend to pauperize them by making 

 them the recipients of partial charity. It was further 

 desirable that some method be found whereby these 

 mothers, educated to buy first quality milk for their 

 babies at the milk stations, should be able to procure 

 an equally safe milk from the commercial companies 

 at the same price, in order that they may not be at the 

 mercy of dealers in poor quality milk when they have 

 not easy access to a milk station. Believing it possible 

 to produce first grade milk at a moderate price, Dr. 

 North induced a couple of philanthropic capitalists to 



