PRINCIPLES TO PRACTICE. 133 



between the two the landlord performing 

 part and the tenant part The principle, how- 

 ever, remains the same, each party being inter- 

 ested for the part similarly to what we have 

 represented him for the whole, so that interests 

 are not materially affected according to this 

 view. 



2. We have supposed the period of twenty 

 years to be necessary for the tenant in order to 

 enable him to recover his outlays. In practice, 

 English tenants holding from year to year 

 have no such security in the majority of cases. 

 Houses, fences, gates, &c., consequently belong 

 to the landlord, who is bound to keep the 

 whole in repair, the tenant performing carriages. 

 The improvements effected by the English 

 farmer are those which immediately repay him, 

 and hence from the paucity of their numbers, 

 are upon the whole not worth mentioning. 

 Any advance of rent which has been obtained 

 in England, has arisen from currency questions 

 and superior management on the part of the 

 tenant. No doubt there are many exceptions 

 from this statement, but these are of an indi- 

 vidual character, whether as relating to landlord 



or tenant. 



K 3 



