CONTENTS. 



1. CATTLE AND SHEEP. 



PAGE 



Introduction 1 



Pure British Eaces .... 3 

 The improved Breeds and Races 4 

 Improved Short-horns and Lei- 



cesters 6 



Devons, Herefords, West-High- 

 landers 13 



Falkirk Tryst 16 



The Sheep Dog 21 



Irish Cattle 23 



Mountain Sheep ..... 24 



Leicesters, Southdowns, &c. . 25 



Pigs 26 



Of Quality in Animals ... 29 

 Distinction between Races and 



Breeds 30 



Qualifications of the Breeder 37 



The Feeding of Cattle ... 37 



The Lodging of Cattle . . . 48 

 Effect of improved Breeding 



on the Prices of Meat . . 48. 



2. AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE. 



PAGE 



Preface to Second Edition . 53 

 Results of personal observa- 

 tion of Drainage during four 



years 54 



Lord Wharncliffe's system of 

 Drainage confuted by Josiah 



Parkes , . 55 



Introduction to Original Ar- 

 ticle in Quarterly Review . 57 

 Ancient authorities on Drain- 

 age, British and Foreign 57-72 

 Roman Writers on Draining . 73 

 Earliest notice of English 



Draining 73 



Andrew Yarranton .... 74 

 Captain Walter Blith ... 75 

 Sluggish Rivers and Water- 

 Mills ; injury done by them 78 

 Joseph Elkington, Drainage of 



Springs 81-85 



Under - drainage, definitions 



and terms 85 



Smith of Deanston . . . 85-88 

 Josiah Parkes, C.E., his Works 

 on Drainage 88 



Cause of Coldness of Retentive 

 Soils 90 



Their temperature raised by 

 Draining 91 



Four feet, where attainable, 

 prescribed as a minimum 

 depth for Drains Reasons 95-97 



Effect of depth and direction 

 of Drains 97-99 



Mode in which Water of 

 Drainage enters Drains 99-101 



Materials of Conduit, Sticks, 

 Straw, Clods, and Mole-. 

 plough 101 



Horse-shoe Tiles form a bad 

 Conduit 102 



Introduction of Cylindrical 

 Pipes for Land Drainage . 104 



Pipes and Collars, and Pipe 

 and Collar - making Ma- 

 chines 105 



Cost of Drains per yard 

 Form and Tools . . . .105 



Obstruction of Drains by 

 Roots, note .... 105-107 



