48 ASSAYS SCIENTIFIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL. 



of Locke, curiously supplemented and confused by 

 terms borrowed from the Kantian School. At 

 present Mr. Romanes is only concerned with the 

 intellectual difference between man and brute, the 

 question of morals and religion being postponed 

 for future treatment. But he might just as well 

 assume that Hedonism is accepted by all moralists 

 as that Locke's psychology is accepted by all 

 psychologists. 



No doubt any investigator is at liberty to assume 

 any psychology he pleases as the basis of his in- 

 quiry, and it was natural that a psychology, which 

 can claim to be almost typically English, and was 

 constructed under the influences of physical science, 

 should suggest itself as most likely to tally well 

 with the results of similar investigations in the 

 animal world. But the astonishing thing is that 

 Mr. Romanes should suppose that he is carrying 

 all psychologists with him, and that it is indifferent 

 whether the intellectual difference commonly held 

 to exist between man and brute be stated in the 

 language of Locke or Aristotle. This is what he 

 says : 



" I now pass on to consider the only distinction which in 

 my opinion can be properly drawn between human and brute 

 psychology. This is the great distinction which furnishes a 

 full psychological explanation of all the many and immense 

 differences that unquestionably do obtain between the mind 

 of the highest ape and the mind of the lowest savage. It 

 is, moreover, the distinction which is now universally recog- 



