MENTAL EVOLUTION IN MAN. 49 



nized by psychologists of every school, from the Romanist 

 to the agnostic in religion, and from the idealist to the 

 materialist in philosophy. 



"The distinction has been clearly enunciated by many 

 writers, from Aristotle downwards, but I may best render it 

 in the words of Locke." 



Then we have a long quotation from the " Essay," 

 which draws the line between man and brute at 

 the power of abstracting " the having of general 

 ideas is that which puts a perfect distinction 

 betwixt man and brutes, and is an excellency which 

 the faculties of brutes do by no means attain to." 

 In the next chapter we have ideas classified as 

 follows : 



" The word ' Idea ' I will use in the sense defined in my 

 previous work namely, as a generic term to signify indiffer- 

 ently any product of imagination, from the mere memory of 

 a sensuous impression up to the result of the most abstruse 

 generalization. 



"By 'Simple Idea,' 'Particular Idea,' or 'Concrete Idea,' 

 I understand the mere memory of a particular sensuous 

 perception. 



"By 'Compound Idea," Complex Idea,' or ' Mixed Idea/ 

 I understand the combination of simple, particular, or con- 

 crete ideas into that kind of composite idea which is possible 

 without the aid of language. 



" Lastly, by ' General Idea/ 'Abstract Idea/ ' Concept/ or 

 ' Notion/ I understand that kind of composite idea which is 

 rendered possible only by the aid of language, or by the 

 process of naming abstractions as abstractions." 



Directly after, the stages in " ideation " are named 

 as follows. The simple or particular ideas are 



E 



