ico ESSAYS SCIENTIFIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL. 



as constants but as variables. " The difficulty is 

 apparently lessened by dilution," but in reality we 

 only take refuge from "the strong light" of indi- 

 vidual experience, " in the earlier twilight, where 

 nobody can tell exactly what goes on." Hence 



'The extreme fondness which evolutionists show for tossing 

 about psychological babies, and wringing from them ambiguas 

 voces about how they feel, is natural, in proportion as their 

 doctrine is hard to prove." " By spinning out your process 

 indefinitely, you gain time enough for anything to take place, 

 but too much for anything to be seen ; in the very act of 

 creating the evidence, you hide it all away ; and the real 

 result is, that you may make the story what you please, and 

 no one can put it to the test." ..." Nothing can be more 

 chimerical than prehistorical psychology." 



The truth is that 



" Evolutionary ethics have no psychology of their own ; 

 but merely pick up what best suits them of the old materials, 

 and fit it in with the purely physiological story they have to 

 tell." 



If there is a gap between " Each for Himself" 

 and " Each for All," there is even a greater gap 

 between Hedonism and evolution. If evolution 

 is true, we have no right to treat the increment, 

 whatever it may be, as illusion, but as emergence 

 from illusion. You cannot explain it by what it 

 has been, and "strip bare the moral type of 

 thought till you have the naked natural animal, 

 and say, There ; that is the real live truth when 

 you have got the clothes off." Dr. Martineau 



