GLUC@SIDES AND ALKALOIDS 149 
Hesperidin 
C22H 26012 
Aesculin 
CisH 1 sO 9 
Arbutin 
Ci2H 607 
Salicin 
C, 3H 1 gO7 
Alkaloids. 
Caffeine (Theine) 
CsHioN.O2 
Theobromine 
C,H sN.02 
Ci;HigNO; 
Abrotanin 
C2H2N20 
Aconitin 
CssHisNOi. 
In green oranges. 
In bark of horse chestnut 
(Aesculus). 
In leaves of bearberry (Arcto- 
staphylos). 
In the willow. 
These are organic compounds, 
acting as bases in the presence 
of acids, and usually bitter to 
the taste. Under this name 
are grouped a variety of un- 
related substances although 
the tendency now is to limit 
the name to derivatives of the 
pyridin group which would 
exclude the first two in the list 
below of the commoner alka- 
loids. Many if not most 
alkaloids are poisonous. They 
may be in some cases reserve 
foods but possibly in other 
cases are waste products or 
even special defences against 
herbivorous animals. 
In leaves of tea, “berries” of 
coffee and in many other 
plants (e.g. Cola nut). 
In seeds of the cacao. 
In pepper (Piper nigrum). 
In wormwood (Artemisia 
abrotanum). 
In monkshood (Aconitum). 
