SIPHONOPHYCEAE 335 
Class 8. PHYCOMYCETEAE,. TubeFungi. Lower Fungi. 
Filaments tubular, mostly irregularly 
branched, chlorophyll-less. (About 
400 species.) 
Order SAPROLEGNIALES. Typically aquatic; mostly sapro- 
phytic; forming zoospores in zoospor- 
angia. 
Family 6. Monoblepharidaceae. Aquatic sapro- 
phytes; antherids producing unicili- 
ated sperms.—Monoblepharis. 
Family 7. Saprolegniaceae. Water Molds. Aquatic, 
parasitic or saprophytic; antherids 
not producing sperms.—Saprolegnia, 
Achlya. 
Family 8. Pythiaceae; 9, Cladochytriaceae; 10, An- 
cylistaceae. : 
Order PERONOSPORALES. Non-aquatic; mostly parasitic 
in the tissues of higher plants; usually 
forming zoospores in conidia. 
Family 11. Albuginaceae. White Rusts. Conidiain 
chains.—Albugo. 
Family 12. Peronosporaceae, Downy Mildews. 
Conidia terminal singly on branched 
conidiophores.—Phytophthora, Plas- 
mopara, Peronospora. 
Order Mucorates. Typically non-aquatic; saprophytic, 
or parasitic on other fungi; not form- 
ing zoospores; spores single, clustered, 
or in sporangia. 
Family 13. Mucoraceae, Black Molds. Sporangium 
with a columella.—Rhizopus, Mucor, 
Pilobolus. 
Family 14. Mortierellaceae. Sporangium without a 
columella.—Mortierella. 
Family 15. Chaetocladiaceae. Spores single, or clus- 
tered on branched conidiophores.— 
Chaetocladium. 
Family 16. Piptocephalidaceae. Spores in chains, 
clustered on the ends of branches.— 
Piptocephalis, Syncephalis. 
