72 Evolution of Life and Form. 



the light of science with them, and, as they estab- 

 lished themselves in southern Spain, they gave 

 that light to Spain. Universities were established. 

 L,arge classes were formed. From every part of Eu- 

 rope men come crowding to the Schools of Cordova, 

 and there they learnt the beginnings of the Science 

 that has since grown into so mighty a tree in western 

 lands. What did Spain do ? Spain called up against 

 these Moors, and against the Hebrews who also 

 were learned in the learning of the East the fright- 

 ful weapons of the Inquisition, the stake, the rack, 

 the dungeon, the torture of exile. Who can count 

 the hundreds of thousands driven out from home, 

 the broken families, the miseries, the poverty and 

 starvation intolerable, which marked the expulsion 

 of the Jews and of the Moors from Spain? Still her 

 karma of success was not complete. Across the 

 Atlantic ocean she sped, Italy lending one of her 

 sons for the glory of the Spanish Empire. In the 

 wake of the ships of Columbus there followed the 

 ships of the conquerors of America, full of Spanish 

 soldiers. I cannot dwell on the story of the conquest 

 of Mexico, and the still more terrible conquest of 

 Peru; I have no time to wring your hearts, as I 

 might, with the tale of the destruction of a great 

 civilisation, of the killing out of the last exquisite 

 traces in Peru of one of the most perfect civilisations 



