47 



one of the settlements oa the Upper Muddy, consisting of fifty; or sixty families, and from two 

 hundred and fifty to three hundred people. A part of these go north during the summers, which 

 are intensely hot in this section. 



At the time of our coming, wheat could be purchased at 5 cents per pound ; previous to our 

 departure it was valued at 12i cents, while all the time the relation between supply and demand 

 was the same. 



One man at this place was the happy possessor of five wives, two of them being at a northern 

 settlement, and twenty-two children of various descriptions and sizes; these were all being reared 

 unwashed, unkempt, and untaught. 



SAINT JOSEPH, 



situated midway between West Toint and where the Muddy reaches the Virgin, is a much 

 larger place, and numbers some five hundred or six hundred people, when all are at homo from 

 the northern country. This place has a post-office regularly established. A nephew of Brigham 

 Young lives here, vested with some of the superior functions of church ofiQce. 



SAINT THOMAS, 



is situated at the confluence of the Muddy with the Virgin ; rather a fine-looking place, well 

 laid out, with shade-trees along the streets. Its inhabitants number as high as three hundred or 

 four hundred altogether, but of the same moving character as the two settlements above named. 

 The bishop at this place, and another person, ex-member of the Arizona legislature, received us 

 with pleasant courtesy. Near this place au Indian chief named Toshob has his wick-e-ups. 

 lie is known to have been engaged with some of his Indians in the Mountain Meadow massacre, 

 while the leader of the same was reported to be in a small place called Harmony, some seventy- 

 five miles to the northeast, in a state bordering on insanity from remorse for his actions at that 

 time. No one can judge of the revolting character of that affair who has not been near the ground 

 to learn of the details of the cold-blooded murder of men, women, and children. 



Thus it will appear that the late reconnaissance has developed the fact that there are seven 

 Mormon settlements, numbering very neai'ly two thousand inhabitants, that heretofore have been 

 supposed, certainly or uncertainly, to be in Utah, that lie beyond a doubt within the domain of 

 Nevada. So far they have paid taxes in, and conformed to the laws of, Utah. Some action should 

 now be taken clearly defining their status aud place the jurisdiction of both the State and Territory 

 upon proper ground. 



That part of Arizona to the north and west of the Colorado Kiver that was ceded by act of 

 Congress of 1806 to Nevada, has never been legally accepted by the State, since their constitution 

 prohibits the accession of territory in this direction, thereby rendering the action of the State 

 officials invalid and liable to be protested iu case of attempting to execute their statutes. 



The Mormons are prospecting for further lands contiguous to their outer settlements, to be 

 used as asylums for their constantly thickening popuhition, and it is but a short time ago that a call 

 was made for one thousand families to go into Northern Arizona. 



ODOMETER MEASUEEMENTS. 



To show how far these may be depended upon in the field over the variety of roads encoun- 

 tered in a mountain region, several rigid tests were made at a number of points, of which the fol- 

 lowing is a description. The gait has always been kept at a walk. 



ELKO. 



1. Wheels two days traveled since greased ; over one measured mile on level road, slightly sandy. 



No. 1 odometer on near wheel. 



First reading 3,8-12 



Second reading . . 4, 242 



Diflference = 400 = number of revolutions. 



Note. — The Mormon settlers have been withdrawn from the valley of the MiiiUly, and the West Point, Saint 

 Joseph, and Saint Thomas settlements abandoned. An Indian reservation including all of these localities has since 

 been set aside by the Government. 



