CtLTURE OF W HE AST. 67 



wheat, by the fertilizing effects of the other crops, without any 

 other additional manure, and that too, with the saving of a valu- 

 able crop in every year. There will also be materials furnish- 

 ed for making an annual provision for manure from the clover 

 hay, corn stalks, potato vines, and the strav/ and stubble of the 

 barley and wheat, which being properly saved and applied will 

 not only preserve the soil in its original fertility when the rota- 

 tion commenced, but would greatly increase it. 



The rotation which has been above described may suggest 

 to the mind of the intelligent farmer, olliers, by which the 

 same object may be effected. In raising this crop the hopegf 

 of the farmer are often liable to be blasted by the ravages of are 

 insect called tbe Hessian Fly. 



A remedy for this evil may be found in the following account 

 of a respectable farmer of Pennsylvania: — "This destructive 

 insect is propagated from the egg's of the fly, deposited on the 

 grains of wheat when ripening; the truth of which I learned 

 from actual observation. The fly may be seen by the middle' 

 of June, and from that time till wheat is cut, flying about and 

 lighting upon ears of wheat. It deposits its eggs upon the ou- 

 ter end of the grain, where they may be seen with a good mi- 

 croscope or optic glass ; sometimes to the number of six or sev- 

 en on one grain. They remain there till the grain is sown. It 

 bursts its shell and enters the shoot where it lie's in a torpitf 

 state till the next spring, except in some instances, when wheat 

 is sown early, the fly commences its ravages in the fall. When- 

 this is discovered, the best method is to turn sheep upon it, and 

 pasture it short, either in the fall or in the winter. 



The most effectual way to check the propagation, is in pre- 

 paring the seed before sown, which should be in the following 

 manner : — Put you seed into a nogshead, tub, or vat, and even 

 it with water ; let it stand ten or twelve hours ; then put off 

 the water, put the wheat upon the barn floor and sprinkle lime 

 over, and with a shovel mix it till it is well covered with lime. 

 Let it remain in that state 24 hours, and the eggs will be des- 

 troyed without any injury to the seed. The following obser- 

 vations lead to this discovery. In viewing several grains of 

 wheat in a microscope something resembling the egga of in- 

 sects was observed upon them. Twenty grains were selected 

 with those appearances ; they ^ere put upon some raw cotton 

 and a little earth, in a tumbler of water, and observed every 

 day ; and on the day the grain opened and put forth its tender 

 fibre, the insect burst from its shell and was not to be seen. 

 Ten days after, five of the grains with their roots and blades 

 were taken from the glass and carefully examined. In three 



