102 AGRICULTWRAL ESSAlfS. 



upland soil, even in heavy clayey lands. It is to be sowed iii 

 the spring with oats, bailey, &c. It is also usual to sow it 

 there as w^ell as the common red clover, with the crop of flax. 

 It rarely succeeds when sown by itself. It produces abun- 

 dance of seeds, which are easily collected. 



Hop clover, [Trifolium Procumbins,) grows naturally in 

 Great Britain, in dry meadows and pastures. It is recommen- 

 ded for laying down land to grass by mixing it with the clover 

 last mentioned and the 



White clover, {Trijolium Repens.) This grass grows 

 spontaneously on dry uplands, after they have been manured 

 with gypsum, or with bog marie, &,c. It is a very sweet grass 

 for pasture or hay, but not very productive. It is generally 

 short lived, but may be made to last longer by passing a roller 

 over it ; for where the stalks come in close contact with the 

 ground, new roots will start and descend into it. It is culti- 

 vated in Great Rritain for cheep pastures, and for other uses. 

 It is most useful in mixing w^ith other grasses for the purpose 

 of thickening the grow^th at the bottom, and thus increasing the 

 product. 



In laying down lands to grass of every kind, the ground 

 aliould be made mellow and fine ; the seed should be clean and 

 good, and sowed evenly and plentifully, and lightly covereff, 

 and the ground made perfectly smooth, particularly where it is 

 intended for mowing and soiling. The graziers of Great Brit- 

 ain in laying down their grass lands, make use of much more 

 seed than is usual in this country. The quantity which may 

 be mo3t profitable to sow on a given surface of soil can best be 

 determined by experiment. Let one square rod of ground pro- 

 perly prepared belaid down with a given quantity of seed ; a- 

 nother square rod with a greater quantity ; and another with 

 a still greater; then carefully gather and weigh the product of 

 each square rod separately, and if that which has most seed has 

 an increase of product sufficient to pay for the extra seed, and 

 about thirty per cent, more, that quantity of seed may be most 

 advisable to give the ground. In the same way it may be as- 

 certained how far it is profitable to sow the ground with differ- 

 ent ki.ids of grasses, in order to increase the product of the 

 whole. This practice is much attended to in Great Britain, ae 

 will be seen by the following directions of Mr. Young and Mr. 

 Tallet, for laying down particular soils to grass. Mr. Young 

 directs for an acre of clayey land, the following grasses and 

 proportions of each: of cow grass, five pounds ; trefoil (com- 

 mon red clover,) five do. ; dog tail, ten do. ; and of fescue and 

 f\»x tail, ojie builiel. 



