On the New Jersey Marls. 



and carried from thence to Long Island, by the farmers 

 of that place. And, notwithstanding the expense of 

 freight, labour, and fifty cents per wagon load at the pit- 

 it is regarded as a profitable manure. 



The Ferruginous Marl. 



The substance which I have denominated ferruginous 

 marl, is found in Monmouth, Burlington, and Glouces* 

 ter counties, in quantities that must be inexhaustible for 

 ages. In fact large sections of these counties are based 

 by it ; and the soil may be regarded as an imperfect 

 marl. 



The ferruginous marls exhibit such a variety of ap- 

 pearances and properties, that I have thought proper to 

 arrange them into the following classes, viz : The first 

 class, composed of sulphur, sulphuric acid, an oxyd of 

 iron, and based by sand. The second class, composed 

 of an oxyd of iron and coarse sand. The third class, 

 composed of an oxyd of iron, sulphuric acid, and based 

 by pure clay. 



The First Class of Ferruginous Marl, 



This excellent species of marl is found in abundance 

 in Burlington and Monmouth counties ; especially about 

 the head waters of the Rancocas and Crossuick creeks. 

 It is distinguished by its sulphureous smell, its dark grey, 

 black, and sometimes beautiful green colour, and the 

 fine round sand with which it abounds. Sand is so es- 

 sentially a mark of good marl, that the farmers of Bur- 

 lington examine the nature of a marly earth by steeping 

 it in water, and observing the quantity of sand that sepa- 

 rates. If the quantity should prove considerable, the 

 excellence of the marl is supposed to be established. 



