'Method of preparing and inoculating Land, 139 



each other. The transplanting of the turf is performed 

 by men, and by children often or twelve years of age, six 

 children to each man, each child having a common 

 table fork ; they are placed before the men, each taking 

 their rows, where the teeth of the scarifier have made the 

 marks, and with the fork, places a piece of turf with the 

 grass sod upwards, at each anajle, the man at the same 

 time that he keeps the children at their work, strikes every 

 piece of turf down level with the surface, by means of a 

 light rammer, such as carpenters use : this finishes the 

 operation, until the time of the turf growing, so as not 

 easily to be disturbed. Then sow a few pounds of white 

 clover, and cow-grass, per acre, with some orchard-grass, 

 and any other permanent grasses suited to the soil. The 

 land is then to be rolled two or three times, to bury the 

 seeds, and bind the land ; but if no seeds are sown, the 

 transplanted turf will in two years become a very nice pas- 

 ture. If a little manure be added, for a year of two after 

 being made, it will turf the better. No kind of catde, 

 nor sheep, should be allowed to feed the new pasture, 

 until the different grasses have perfected their seeds, 

 when light neat cattle may be turned in, and the grass 

 moderately fed, but not closely down. The great benefit 

 we derive from transplanting turf is, that in two years 

 with proper management, we have a much better pas- 

 ture, than we could have in thirty years by sowing seeds. 

 If we, [in England,] only sow seeds for permanent pas- 

 ture, they sometimes do well for a year or two, and then 

 they die away, and the land has no turf worth owning for 

 permanent pasture. I do not mean to say, that all the 

 land in England requires to be transplanted to make per- 

 manent pasture ; some will turf with sowing seeds, but 

 the greater part will not, to answer any good purpose as 

 pasture land, and it is my decided opinion, that even en 



